devel::ppport.3

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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "Devel::PPPort 3"
.TH Devel::PPPort 3 "2008-01-23" "perl v5.10.0" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
Devel::PPPort \- Perl/Pollution/Portability
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 2
\&    Devel::PPPort::WriteFile();   # defaults to ./ppport.h
\&    Devel::PPPort::WriteFile(\*(Aqsomeheader.h\*(Aq);
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
Perl's \s-1API\s0 has changed over time, gaining new features, new functions,
increasing its flexibility, and reducing the impact on the C namespace
environment (reduced pollution). The header file written by this module,
typically \fIppport.h\fR, attempts to bring some of the newer Perl \s-1API\s0
features to older versions of Perl, so that you can worry less about
keeping track of old releases, but users can still reap the benefit.
.PP
\&\f(CW\*(C`Devel::PPPort\*(C'\fR contains a single function, called \f(CW\*(C`WriteFile\*(C'\fR. Its
only purpose is to write the \fIppport.h\fR C header file. This file
contains a series of macros and, if explicitly requested, functions that
allow \s-1XS\s0 modules to be built using older versions of Perl. Currently,
Perl versions from 5.003 to 5.10.0 are supported.
.PP
This module is used by \f(CW\*(C`h2xs\*(C'\fR to write the file \fIppport.h\fR.
.Sh "Why use ppport.h?"
.IX Subsection "Why use ppport.h?"
You should use \fIppport.h\fR in modern code so that your code will work
with the widest range of Perl interpreters possible, without significant
additional work.
.PP
You should attempt older code to fully use \fIppport.h\fR, because the
reduced pollution of newer Perl versions is an important thing. It's so
important that the old polluting ways of original Perl modules will not be
supported very far into the future, and your module will almost certainly
break! By adapting to it now, you'll gain compatibility and a sense of
having done the electronic ecology some good.
.Sh "How to use ppport.h"
.IX Subsection "How to use ppport.h"
Don't direct the users of your module to download \f(CW\*(C`Devel::PPPort\*(C'\fR.
They are most probably no \s-1XS\s0 writers. Also, don't make \fIppport.h\fR
optional. Rather, just take the most recent copy of \fIppport.h\fR that
you can find (e.g. by generating it with the latest \f(CW\*(C`Devel::PPPort\*(C'\fR
release from \s-1CPAN\s0), copy it into your project, adjust your project to
use it, and distribute the header along with your module.
.Sh "Running ppport.h"
.IX Subsection "Running ppport.h"
But \fIppport.h\fR is more than just a C header. It's also a Perl script
that can check your source code. It will suggest hints and portability
notes, and can even make suggestions on how to change your code. You
can run it like any other Perl program:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&    perl ppport.h [options] [files]
.Ve
.PP
It also has embedded documentation, so you can use
.PP
.Vb 1
\&    perldoc ppport.h
.Ve
.PP
to find out more about how to use it.
.SH "FUNCTIONS"
.IX Header "FUNCTIONS"
.Sh "WriteFile"
.IX Subsection "WriteFile"
\&\f(CW\*(C`WriteFile\*(C'\fR takes one optional argument. When called with one
argument, it expects to be passed a filename. When called with
no arguments, it defaults to the filename \fIppport.h\fR.
.PP
The function returns a true value if the file was written successfully.
Otherwise it returns a false value.
.SH "COMPATIBILITY"
.IX Header "COMPATIBILITY"
\&\fIppport.h\fR supports Perl versions from 5.003 to 5.10.0
in threaded and non-threaded configurations.
.Sh "Provided Perl compatibility \s-1API\s0"
.IX Subsection "Provided Perl compatibility API"
The header file written by this module, typically \fIppport.h\fR, provides
access to the following elements of the Perl \s-1API\s0 that is not available
in older Perl releases:
.PP
.Vb 10
\&    _aMY_CXT
\&    _pMY_CXT
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\&    aMY_CXT_
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\&    aTHX_
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\&    aTHXR_
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\&    PERL_MAGIC_shared
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\&    PERL_MAGIC_sig
\&    PERL_MAGIC_sigelem
\&    PERL_MAGIC_substr
\&    PERL_MAGIC_sv
\&    PERL_MAGIC_taint
\&    PERL_MAGIC_tied
\&    PERL_MAGIC_tiedelem
\&    PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar
\&    PERL_MAGIC_utf8
\&    PERL_MAGIC_uvar
\&    PERL_MAGIC_uvar_elem
\&    PERL_MAGIC_vec
\&    PERL_MAGIC_vstring
\&    PERL_QUAD_MAX
\&    PERL_QUAD_MIN
\&    PERL_REVISION
\&    PERL_SCAN_ALLOW_UNDERSCORES
\&    PERL_SCAN_DISALLOW_PREFIX
\&    PERL_SCAN_GREATER_THAN_UV_MAX
\&    PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT
\&    PERL_SHORT_MAX
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\&    PERL_UCHAR_MAX
\&    PERL_UCHAR_MIN
\&    PERL_UINT_MAX
\&    PERL_UINT_MIN
\&    PERL_ULONG_MAX
\&    PERL_ULONG_MIN
\&    PERL_UNUSED_ARG
\&    PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT
\&    PERL_UNUSED_DECL
\&    PERL_UNUSED_VAR
\&    PERL_UQUAD_MAX
\&    PERL_UQUAD_MIN
\&    PERL_USE_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS
\&    PERL_USHORT_MAX
\&    PERL_USHORT_MIN
\&    PERL_VERSION
\&    Perl_warner
\&    Perl_warner_nocontext
\&    PL_compiling
\&    PL_copline
\&    PL_curcop
\&    PL_curstash
\&    PL_DBsignal
\&    PL_DBsingle
\&    PL_DBsub
\&    PL_DBtrace
\&    PL_debstash
\&    PL_defgv
\&    PL_diehook
\&    PL_dirty
\&    PL_dowarn
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\&    PL_expect
\&    PL_hexdigit
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\&    PL_perl_destruct_level
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\&    PL_stdingv
\&    PL_Sv
\&    PL_sv_arenaroot
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\&    PL_sv_undef
\&    PL_sv_yes
\&    PL_tainted
\&    PL_tainting
\&    pMY_CXT
\&    pMY_CXT_
\&    Poison
\&    PoisonFree
\&    PoisonNew
\&    PoisonWith
\&    pTHX
\&    pTHX_
\&    PTR2IV
\&    PTR2NV
\&    PTR2ul
\&    PTR2UV
\&    PTRV
\&    PUSHmortal
\&    PUSHu
\&    SAVE_DEFSV
\&    START_EXTERN_C
\&    START_MY_CXT
\&    STMT_END
\&    STMT_START
\&    STR_WITH_LEN
\&    sv_2pv_flags
\&    sv_2pv_nolen
\&    sv_2pvbyte
\&    sv_2pvbyte_nolen
\&    sv_2uv
\&    sv_catpv_mg
\&    sv_catpvf_mg
\&    sv_catpvf_mg_nocontext
\&    sv_catpvn_mg
\&    sv_catpvn_nomg
\&    sv_catpvs
\&    sv_catsv_mg
\&    sv_catsv_nomg
\&    SV_CONST_RETURN
\&    SV_COW_DROP_PV
\&    SV_COW_SHARED_HASH_KEYS
\&    SV_GMAGIC
\&    SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL
\&    SV_IMMEDIATE_UNREF
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\&    SV_MUTABLE_RETURN
\&    SV_NOSTEAL
\&    sv_pvn_force_flags
\&    sv_pvn_nomg
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\&    sv_setpvf_mg
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\&    sv_setpvs
\&    sv_setsv_mg
\&    sv_setsv_nomg
\&    sv_setuv
\&    sv_setuv_mg
\&    SV_SMAGIC
\&    sv_usepvn_mg
\&    SV_UTF8_NO_ENCODING
\&    sv_uv
\&    sv_vcatpvf
\&    sv_vcatpvf_mg
\&    sv_vsetpvf
\&    sv_vsetpvf_mg
\&    SVf
\&    SvGETMAGIC
\&    SvIV_nomg
\&    SvMAGIC_set
\&    SvPV_const
\&    SvPV_flags
\&    SvPV_flags_const
\&    SvPV_flags_const_nolen
\&    SvPV_flags_mutable
\&    SvPV_force
\&    SvPV_force_flags
\&    SvPV_force_flags_mutable
\&    SvPV_force_flags_nolen
\&    SvPV_force_mutable
\&    SvPV_force_nolen
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\&    SvPV_force_nomg_nolen
\&    SvPV_mutable
\&    SvPV_nolen
\&    SvPV_nolen_const
\&    SvPV_nomg
\&    SvPV_nomg_const
\&    SvPV_nomg_const_nolen
\&    SvPVbyte
\&    SvPVX_const
\&    SvPVX_mutable
\&    SvREFCNT_inc
\&    SvREFCNT_inc_NN
\&    SvREFCNT_inc_simple
\&    SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN
\&    SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void
\&    SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN
\&    SvREFCNT_inc_void
\&    SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN
\&    SvRV_set
\&    SvSHARED_HASH
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\&    SvUV
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\&    WARN_NUMERIC
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\&    WARN_PORTABLE
\&    WARN_PRECEDENCE
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\&    WARN_PROTOTYPE
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\&    WARN_REDEFINE
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