text::wrap.3

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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "Text::Wrap 3"
.TH Text::Wrap 3 "2007-12-18" "perl v5.10.0" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
Text::Wrap \- line wrapping to form simple paragraphs
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
\&\fBExample 1\fR
.PP
.Vb 1
\&        use Text::Wrap;
\&
\&        $initial_tab = "\et";    # Tab before first line
\&        $subsequent_tab = "";   # All other lines flush left
\&
\&        print wrap($initial_tab, $subsequent_tab, @text);
\&        print fill($initial_tab, $subsequent_tab, @text);
\&
\&        $lines = wrap($initial_tab, $subsequent_tab, @text);
\&
\&        @paragraphs = fill($initial_tab, $subsequent_tab, @text);
.Ve
.PP
\&\fBExample 2\fR
.PP
.Vb 1
\&        use Text::Wrap qw(wrap $columns $huge);
\&
\&        $columns = 132;         # Wrap at 132 characters
\&        $huge = \*(Aqdie\*(Aq;
\&        $huge = \*(Aqwrap\*(Aq;
\&        $huge = \*(Aqoverflow\*(Aq;
.Ve
.PP
\&\fBExample 3\fR
.PP
.Vb 1
\&        use Text::Wrap;
\&
\&        $Text::Wrap::columns = 72;
\&        print wrap(\*(Aq\*(Aq, \*(Aq\*(Aq, @text);
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
\&\f(CW\*(C`Text::Wrap::wrap()\*(C'\fR is a very simple paragraph formatter.  It formats a
single paragraph at a time by breaking lines at word boundaries.
Indentation is controlled for the first line (\f(CW$initial_tab\fR) and
all subsequent lines (\f(CW$subsequent_tab\fR) independently.  Please note: 
\&\f(CW$initial_tab\fR and \f(CW$subsequent_tab\fR are the literal strings that will
be used: it is unlikely you would want to pass in a number.
.PP
\&\fIText::Wrap::fill()\fR is a simple multi-paragraph formatter.  It formats
each paragraph separately and then joins them together when it's done.  It
will destroy any whitespace in the original text.  It breaks text into
paragraphs by looking for whitespace after a newline.  In other respects
it acts like \fIwrap()\fR.
.PP
Both \f(CW\*(C`wrap()\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`fill()\*(C'\fR return a single string.
.SH "OVERRIDES"
.IX Header "OVERRIDES"
\&\f(CW\*(C`Text::Wrap::wrap()\*(C'\fR has a number of variables that control its behavior.
Because other modules might be using \f(CW\*(C`Text::Wrap::wrap()\*(C'\fR it is suggested
that you leave these variables alone!  If you can't do that, then 
use \f(CW\*(C`local($Text::Wrap::VARIABLE) = YOURVALUE\*(C'\fR when you change the
values so that the original value is restored.  This \f(CW\*(C`local()\*(C'\fR trick
will not work if you import the variable into your own namespace.
.PP
Lines are wrapped at \f(CW$Text::Wrap::columns\fR columns.  \f(CW$Text::Wrap::columns\fR
should be set to the full width of your output device.  In fact,
every resulting line will have length of no more than \f(CW\*(C`$columns \- 1\*(C'\fR.
.PP
It is possible to control which characters terminate words by
modifying \f(CW$Text::Wrap::break\fR. Set this to a string such as
\&\f(CW\*(Aq[\es:]\*(Aq\fR (to break before spaces or colons) or a pre-compiled regexp
such as \f(CW\*(C`qr/[\es\*(Aq]/\*(C'\fR (to break before spaces or apostrophes). The
default is simply \f(CW\*(Aq\es\*(Aq\fR; that is, words are terminated by spaces.
(This means, among other things, that trailing punctuation  such as
full stops or commas stay with the word they are \*(L"attached\*(R" to.)
.PP
Beginner note: In example 2, above \f(CW$columns\fR is imported into
the local namespace, and set locally.  In example 3,
\&\f(CW$Text::Wrap::columns\fR is set in its own namespace without importing it.
.PP
\&\f(CW\*(C`Text::Wrap::wrap()\*(C'\fR starts its work by expanding all the tabs in its
input into spaces.  The last thing it does it to turn spaces back
into tabs.  If you do not want tabs in your results, set 
\&\f(CW$Text::Wrap::unexpand\fR to a false value.  Likewise if you do not
want to use 8\-character tabstops, set \f(CW$Text::Wrap::tabstop\fR to
the number of characters you do want for your tabstops.
.PP
If you want to separate your lines with something other than \f(CW\*(C`\en\*(C'\fR
then set \f(CW$Text::Wrap::separator\fR to your preference.  This replaces
all newlines with \f(CW$Text::Wrap::separator\fR.  If you just to preserve
existing newlines but add new breaks with something else, set 
\&\f(CW$Text::Wrap::separator2\fR instead.
.PP
When words that are longer than \f(CW$columns\fR are encountered, they
are broken up.  \f(CW\*(C`wrap()\*(C'\fR adds a \f(CW"\en"\fR at column \f(CW$columns\fR.
This behavior can be overridden by setting \f(CW$huge\fR to
\&'die' or to 'overflow'.  When set to 'die', large words will cause
\&\f(CW\*(C`die()\*(C'\fR to be called.  When set to 'overflow', large words will be
left intact.
.PP
Historical notes: 'die' used to be the default value of
\&\f(CW$huge\fR.  Now, 'wrap' is the default value.
.SH "EXAMPLES"
.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
Code:
.PP
.Vb 4
\&  print wrap("\et","",<<END);
\&  This is a bit of text that forms 
\&  a normal book\-style indented paragraph
\&  END
.Ve
.PP
Result:
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  "     This is a bit of text that forms
\&  a normal book\-style indented paragraph   
\&  "
.Ve
.PP
Code:
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  $Text::Wrap::columns=20;
\&  $Text::Wrap::separator="|";
\&  print wrap("","","This is a bit of text that forms a normal book\-style paragraph");
.Ve
.PP
Result:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  "This is a bit of|text that forms a|normal book\-style|paragraph"
.Ve
.SH "LICENSE"
.IX Header "LICENSE"
David Muir Sharnoff <[e-mail]> with help from Tim Pierce and
many many others.  Copyright (C) 1996\-2006 David Muir Sharnoff.  
This module may be modified, used, copied, and redistributed at
your own risk.  Publicly redistributed modified versions must use 
a different name.