perl58delta.1

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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "PERL58DELTA 1"
.TH PERL58DELTA 1 "2007-12-18" "perl v5.10.0" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
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.SH "NAME"
perl58delta \- what is new for perl v5.8.0
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
This document describes differences between the 5.6.0 release and
the 5.8.0 release.
.PP
Many of the bug fixes in 5.8.0 were already seen in the 5.6.1
maintenance release since the two releases were kept closely
coordinated (while 5.8.0 was still called 5.7.something).
.PP
Changes that were integrated into the 5.6.1 release are marked \f(CW\*(C`[561]\*(C'\fR.
Many of these changes have been further developed since 5.6.1 was released,
those are marked \f(CW\*(C`[561+]\*(C'\fR.
.PP
You can see the list of changes in the 5.6.1 release (both from the
5.005_03 release and the 5.6.0 release) by reading perl561delta.
.SH "Highlights In 5.8.0"
.IX Header "Highlights In 5.8.0"
.IP "\(bu" 4
Better Unicode support
.IP "\(bu" 4
New \s-1IO\s0 Implementation
.IP "\(bu" 4
New Thread Implementation
.IP "\(bu" 4
Better Numeric Accuracy
.IP "\(bu" 4
Safe Signals
.IP "\(bu" 4
Many New Modules
.IP "\(bu" 4
More Extensive Regression Testing
.SH "Incompatible Changes"
.IX Header "Incompatible Changes"
.Sh "Binary Incompatibility"
.IX Subsection "Binary Incompatibility"
\&\fBPerl 5.8 is not binary compatible with earlier releases of Perl.\fR
.PP
\&\fBYou have to recompile your \s-1XS\s0 modules.\fR
.PP
(Pure Perl modules should continue to work.)
.PP
The major reason for the discontinuity is the new \s-1IO\s0 architecture
called PerlIO.  PerlIO is the default configuration because without
it many new features of Perl 5.8 cannot be used.  In other words:
you just have to recompile your modules containing \s-1XS\s0 code, sorry
about that.
.PP
In future releases of Perl, non-PerlIO aware \s-1XS\s0 modules may become
completely unsupported.  This shouldn't be too difficult for module
authors, however: PerlIO has been designed as a drop-in replacement
(at the source code level) for the stdio interface.
.PP
Depending on your platform, there are also other reasons why
we decided to break binary compatibility, please read on.
.Sh "64\-bit platforms and malloc"
.IX Subsection "64-bit platforms and malloc"
If your pointers are 64 bits wide, the Perl malloc is no longer being
used because it does not work well with 8\-byte pointers.  Also,
usually the system mallocs on such platforms are much better optimized
for such large memory models than the Perl malloc.  Some memory-hungry
Perl applications like the \s-1PDL\s0 don't work well with Perl's malloc.
Finally, other applications than Perl (such as mod_perl) tend to prefer
the system malloc.  Such platforms include Alpha and 64\-bit \s-1HPPA\s0,
\&\s-1MIPS\s0, \s-1PPC\s0, and Sparc.
.Sh "\s-1AIX\s0 Dynaloading"
.IX Subsection "AIX Dynaloading"
The \s-1AIX\s0 dynaloading now uses in \s-1AIX\s0 releases 4.3 and newer the native
dlopen interface of \s-1AIX\s0 instead of the old emulated interface.  This
change will probably break backward compatibility with compiled
modules.  The change was made to make Perl more compliant with other
applications like mod_perl which are using the \s-1AIX\s0 native interface.
.ie n .Sh "Attributes for ""my"" variables now handled at run-time"
.el .Sh "Attributes for \f(CWmy\fP variables now handled at run-time"
.IX Subsection "Attributes for my variables now handled at run-time"
The \f(CW\*(C`my EXPR : ATTRS\*(C'\fR syntax now applies variable attributes at
run-time.  (Subroutine and \f(CW\*(C`our\*(C'\fR variables still get attributes applied
at compile-time.)  See attributes for additional details.  In particular,
however, this allows variable attributes to be useful for \f(CW\*(C`tie\*(C'\fR interfaces,
which was a deficiency of earlier releases.  Note that the new semantics
doesn't work with the Attribute::Handlers module (as of version 0.76).
.Sh "Socket Extension Dynamic in \s-1VMS\s0"
.IX Subsection "Socket Extension Dynamic in VMS"
The Socket extension is now dynamically loaded instead of being
statically built in.  This may or may not be a problem with ancient
\&\s-1TCP/IP\s0 stacks of \s-1VMS:\s0 we do not know since we weren't able to test
Perl in such configurations.
.Sh "IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha"
.IX Subsection "IEEE-format Floating Point Default on OpenVMS Alpha"
Perl now uses \s-1IEEE\s0 format (T_FLOAT) as the default internal floating
point format on OpenVMS Alpha, potentially breaking binary compatibility
with external libraries or existing data.  G_FLOAT is still available as
a configuration option.  The default on \s-1VAX\s0 (D_FLOAT) has not changed.
.ie n .Sh "New Unicode Semantics (no more ""use utf8"", almost)"
.el .Sh "New Unicode Semantics (no more \f(CWuse utf8\fP, almost)"
.IX Subsection "New Unicode Semantics (no more use utf8, almost)"
Previously in Perl 5.6 to use Unicode one would say \*(L"use utf8\*(R" and
then the operations (like string concatenation) were Unicode-aware
in that lexical scope.
.PP
This was found to be an inconvenient interface, and in Perl 5.8 the
Unicode model has completely changed: now the \*(L"Unicodeness\*(R" is bound
to the data itself, and for most of the time \*(L"use utf8\*(R" is not needed
at all.  The only remaining use of \*(L"use utf8\*(R" is when the Perl script
itself has been written in the \s-1UTF\-8\s0 encoding of Unicode.  (\s-1UTF\-8\s0 has
not been made the default since there are many Perl scripts out there
that are using various national eight-bit character sets, which would
be illegal in \s-1UTF\-8\s0.)
.PP
See perluniintro for the explanation of the current model,
and utf8 for the current use of the utf8 pragma.
.Sh "New Unicode Properties"
.IX Subsection "New Unicode Properties"
Unicode \fIscripts\fR are now supported. Scripts are similar to (and superior
to) Unicode \fIblocks\fR. The difference between scripts and blocks is that
scripts are the glyphs used by a language or a group of languages, while
the blocks are more artificial groupings of (mostly) 256 characters based
on the Unicode numbering.
.PP
In general, scripts are more inclusive, but not universally so. For
example, while the script \f(CW\*(C`Latin\*(C'\fR includes all the Latin characters and
their various diacritic-adorned versions, it does not include the various
punctuation or digits (since they are not solely \f(CW\*(C`Latin\*(C'\fR).
.PP
A number of other properties are now supported, including \f(CW\*(C`\ep{L&}\*(C'\fR,
\&\f(CW\*(C`\ep{Any}\*(C'\fR \f(CW\*(C`\ep{Assigned}\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\ep{Unassigned}\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\ep{Blank}\*(C'\fR [561] and
\&\f(CW\*(C`\ep{SpacePerl}\*(C'\fR [561] (along with their \f(CW\*(C`\eP{...}\*(C'\fR versions, of course).
See perlunicode for details, and more additions.
.PP
The \f(CW\*(C`In\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`Is\*(C'\fR prefix to names used with the \f(CW\*(C`\ep{...}\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`\eP{...}\*(C'\fR
are now almost always optional. The only exception is that a \f(CW\*(C`In\*(C'\fR prefix
is required to signify a Unicode block when a block name conflicts with a
script name. For example, \f(CW\*(C`\ep{Tibetan}\*(C'\fR refers to the script, while
\&\f(CW\*(C`\ep{InTibetan}\*(C'\fR refers to the block. When there is no name conflict, you
can omit the \f(CW\*(C`In\*(C'\fR from the block name (e.g. \f(CW\*(C`\ep{BraillePatterns}\*(C'\fR), but
to be safe, it's probably best to always use the \f(CW\*(C`In\*(C'\fR).
.Sh "\s-1REF\s0(...) Instead Of \s-1SCALAR\s0(...)"
.IX Subsection "REF(...) Instead Of SCALAR(...)"
A reference to a reference now stringifies as \*(L"\s-1REF\s0(0x81485ec)\*(R" instead
of \*(L"\s-1SCALAR\s0(0x81485ec)\*(R" in order to be more consistent with the return
value of \fIref()\fR.
.Sh "pack/unpack D/F recycled"
.IX Subsection "pack/unpack D/F recycled"
The undocumented pack/unpack template letters D/F have been recycled
for better use: now they stand for long double (if supported by the
platform) and \s-1NV\s0 (Perl internal floating point type).  (They used
to be aliases for d/f, but you never knew that.)
.Sh "\fIglob()\fP now returns filenames in alphabetical order"
.IX Subsection "glob() now returns filenames in alphabetical order"
The list of filenames from \fIglob()\fR (or <...>) is now by default sorted
alphabetically to be csh-compliant (which is what happened before