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📄 perldiag.1

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.Vb 1\&    open FOO || die;.Ve.SpIt may also indicate a misspelled constant that has been interpreted asa bareword:.Sp.Vb 2\&    use constant TYPO => 1;\&    if (TYOP) { print "foo" }.Ve.SpThe \f(CW\*(C`strict\*(C'\fR pragma is useful in avoiding such errors..ie n .IP "Bareword ""%s"" not allowed while ""strict subs"" in use" 4.el .IP "Bareword ``%s'' not allowed while ``strict subs'' in use" 4.IX Item "Bareword %s not allowed while strict subs in use"(F) With \*(L"strict subs\*(R" in use, a bareword is only allowed as asubroutine identifier, in curly brackets or to the left of the \*(L"=>\*(R"symbol.  Perhaps you need to predeclare a subroutine?.ie n .IP "Bareword ""%s"" refers to nonexistent package" 4.el .IP "Bareword ``%s'' refers to nonexistent package" 4.IX Item "Bareword %s refers to nonexistent package"(W bareword) You used a qualified bareword of the form \f(CW\*(C`Foo::\*(C'\fR, but thecompiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point.  Perhapsyou need to predeclare a package?.IP "\s-1BEGIN\s0 failed\*(--compilation aborted" 4.IX Item "BEGIN failedcompilation aborted"(F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a \s-1BEGIN\s0subroutine.  Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter isexited..IP "\s-1BEGIN\s0 not safe after errors\*(--compilation aborted" 4.IX Item "BEGIN not safe after errorscompilation aborted"(F) Perl found a \f(CW\*(C`BEGIN {}\*(C'\fR subroutine (or a \f(CW\*(C`use\*(C'\fR directive, whichimplies a \f(CW\*(C`BEGIN {}\*(C'\fR) after one or more compilation errors had alreadyoccurred.  Since the intended environment for the \f(CW\*(C`BEGIN {}\*(C'\fR could notbe guaranteed (due to the errors), and since subsequent code likelydepends on its correct operation, Perl just gave up..ie n .IP "\e1 better written as $1" 4.el .IP "\e1 better written as \f(CW$1\fR" 4.IX Item "1 better written as $1"(W syntax) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as variables.The use of backslashes is grandfathered on the right-hand side of asubstitution, but stylistically it's better to use the variable formbecause other Perl programmers will expect it, and it works better ifthere are more than 9 backreferences..IP "Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable" 4.IX Item "Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable"(W portable) The binary number you specified is larger than 2**32\-1(4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems.  Seeperlport for more on portability concerns..ie n .IP "\fIbind()\fR on closed socket %s" 4.el .IP "\fIbind()\fR on closed socket \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "bind() on closed socket %s"(W closed) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket.  Did you forget tocheck the return value of your \fIsocket()\fR call?  See \*(L"bind\*(R" in perlfunc..ie n .IP "\fIbinmode()\fR on closed filehandle %s" 4.el .IP "\fIbinmode()\fR on closed filehandle \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "binmode() on closed filehandle %s"(W unopened) You tried \fIbinmode()\fR on a filehandle that was never opened.Check you control flow and number of arguments..IP "Bit vector size > 32 non-portable" 4.IX Item "Bit vector size > 32 non-portable"(W portable) Using bit vector sizes larger than 32 is non-portable..ie n .IP "Bizarre copy of %s\fR in \f(CW%s" 4.el .IP "Bizarre copy of \f(CW%s\fR in \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "Bizarre copy of %s in %s"(P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is notcopyable..ie n .IP "Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s" 4.el .IP "Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s"(W internal) A warning peculiar to \s-1VMS\s0.  While Perl was preparing toiterate over \f(CW%ENV\fR, it encountered a logical name or symbol definitionwhich was too long, so it was truncated to the string shown..IP "Callback called exit" 4.IX Item "Callback called exit"(F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via \fIcall_sv()\fRexited by calling exit..IP "%s() called too early to check prototype" 4.IX Item "%s() called too early to check prototype"(W prototype) You've called a function that has a prototype before theparser saw a definition or declaration for it, and Perl could not checkthat the call conforms to the prototype.  You need to either add anearly prototype declaration for the subroutine in question, or move thesubroutine definition ahead of the call to get proper prototypechecking.  Alternatively, if you are certain that you're calling thefunction correctly, you may put an ampersand before the name to avoidthe warning.  See perlsub..IP "Cannot compress integer in pack" 4.IX Item "Cannot compress integer in pack"(F) An argument to pack(\*(L"w\*(R",...) was too large to compress.  The \s-1BER\s0compressed integer format can only be used with positive integers, and youattempted to compress Infinity or a very large number (> 1e308).See \*(L"pack\*(R" in perlfunc..IP "Cannot compress negative numbers in pack" 4.IX Item "Cannot compress negative numbers in pack"(F) An argument to pack(\*(L"w\*(R",...) was negative.  The \s-1BER\s0 compressed integerformat can only be used with positive integers.  See \*(L"pack\*(R" in perlfunc..ie n .IP "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob" 4.el .IP "Cannot convert a reference to \f(CW%s\fR to typeglob" 4.IX Item "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob"(F) You manipulated Perl's symbol table directly, stored a reference in it,then tried to access that symbol via conventional Perl syntax. The accesstriggers Perl to autovivify that typeglob, but it there is no legal conversionfrom that type of reference to a typeglob..ie n .IP "Cannot copy to %s\fR in \f(CW%s" 4.el .IP "Cannot copy to \f(CW%s\fR in \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "Cannot copy to %s in %s"(P) Perl detected an attempt to copy a value to an internal type that cannotbe directly assigned not..IP "Can only compress unsigned integers in pack" 4.IX Item "Can only compress unsigned integers in pack"(F) An argument to pack(\*(L"w\*(R",...) was not an integer.  The \s-1BER\s0 compressedinteger format can only be used with positive integers, and you attemptedto compress something else.  See \*(L"pack\*(R" in perlfunc..IP "Can't bless non-reference value" 4.IX Item "Can't bless non-reference value"(F) Only hard references may be blessed.  This is how Perl \*(L"enforces\*(R"encapsulation of objects.  See perlobj..ie n .IP "Can't ""break"" in a loop topicalizer" 4.el .IP "Can't ``break'' in a loop topicalizer" 4.IX Item "Can't break in a loop topicalizer"(F) You called \f(CW\*(C`break\*(C'\fR, but you're in a \f(CW\*(C`foreach\*(C'\fR block rather thana \f(CW\*(C`given\*(C'\fR block. You probably meant to use \f(CW\*(C`next\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`last\*(C'\fR..ie n .IP "Can't ""break"" outside a given block" 4.el .IP "Can't ``break'' outside a given block" 4.IX Item "Can't break outside a given block"(F) You called \f(CW\*(C`break\*(C'\fR, but you're not inside a \f(CW\*(C`given\*(C'\fR block..ie n .IP "Can't call method ""%s"" in empty package ""%s""" 4.el .IP "Can't call method ``%s'' in empty package ``%s''" 4.IX Item "Can't call method %s in empty package %s"(F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a packagefunctioning as a class, but that package doesn't have \s-1ANYTHING\s0 definedin it, let alone methods.  See perlobj..ie n .IP "Can't call method ""%s"" on an undefined value" 4.el .IP "Can't call method ``%s'' on an undefined value" 4.IX Item "Can't call method %s on an undefined value"(F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by theobject reference or package name contains an undefined value.  Somethinglike this will reproduce the error:.Sp.Vb 3\&    $BADREF = undef;\&    process $BADREF 1,2,3;\&    $BADREF\->process(1,2,3);.Ve.ie n .IP "Can't call method ""%s"" on unblessed reference" 4.el .IP "Can't call method ``%s'' on unblessed reference" 4.IX Item "Can't call method %s on unblessed reference"(F) A method call must know in what package it's supposed to run.  Itordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply, but youdidn't supply an object reference in this case.  A reference isn't anobject reference until it has been blessed.  See perlobj..ie n .IP "Can't call method ""%s"" without a package or object reference" 4.el .IP "Can't call method ``%s'' without a package or object reference" 4.IX Item "Can't call method %s without a package or object reference"(F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by theobject reference or package name contains an expression that returns adefined value which is neither an object reference nor a package name.Something like this will reproduce the error:.Sp.Vb 3\&    $BADREF = 42;\&    process $BADREF 1,2,3;\&    $BADREF\->process(1,2,3);.Ve.ie n .IP "Can't chdir to %s" 4.el .IP "Can't chdir to \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "Can't chdir to %s"(F) You called \f(CW\*(C`perl \-x/foo/bar\*(C'\fR, but \f(CW\*(C`/foo/bar\*(C'\fR is not a directorythat you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist..ie n .IP "Can't check filesystem of script ""%s"" for nosuid" 4.el .IP "Can't check filesystem of script ``%s'' for nosuid" 4.IX Item "Can't check filesystem of script %s for nosuid"(P) For some reason you can't check the filesystem of the script fornosuid..IP "Can't coerce array into hash" 4.IX Item "Can't coerce array into hash"(F) You used an array where a hash was expected, but the array has noinformation on how to map from keys to array indices.  You can do thatonly with arrays that have a hash reference at index 0..ie n .IP "Can't coerce %s\fR to integer in \f(CW%s" 4.el .IP "Can't coerce \f(CW%s\fR to integer in \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "Can't coerce %s to integer in %s"(F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries(typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are.  So you can'tsay things like:.Sp.Vb 1\&    *foo += 1;.Ve.SpYou \s-1CAN\s0 say.Sp.Vb 2\&    $foo = *foo;\&    $foo += 1;.Ve.Spbut then \f(CW$foo\fR no longer contains a glob..ie n .IP "Can't coerce %s\fR to number in \f(CW%s" 4.el .IP "Can't coerce \f(CW%s\fR to number in \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "Can't coerce %s to number in %s"(F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries(typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are..ie n .IP "Can't coerce %s\fR to string in \f(CW%s" 4.el .IP "Can't coerce \f(CW%s\fR to string in \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "Can't coerce %s to string in %s"(F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries(typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are..ie n .IP "Can't ""continue"" outside a when block" 4.el .IP "Can't ``continue'' outside a when block" 4.IX Item "Can't continue outside a when block"(F) You called \f(CW\*(C`continue\*(C'\fR, but you're not inside a \f(CW\*(C`when\*(C'\fRor \f(CW\*(C`default\*(C'\fR block..IP "Can't create pipe mailbox" 4.IX Item "Can't create pipe mailbox"(P) An error peculiar to \s-1VMS\s0.  The process is suffering from exhaustedquotas or other plumbing problems..ie n .IP "Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in ""%s""" 4.el .IP "Can't declare class for non-scalar \f(CW%s\fR in ``%s''" 4.IX Item "Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in %s"(F) Currently, only scalar variables can be declared with a specificclass qualifier in a \*(L"my\*(R", \*(L"our\*(R" or \*(L"state\*(R" declaration.  The semantics may beextended for other types of variables in future..ie n .IP "Can't declare %s in ""%s""" 4.el .IP "Can't declare \f(CW%s\fR in ``%s''" 4.IX Item "Can't declare %s in %s"(F) Only scalar, array, and hash variables may be declared as \*(L"my\*(R", \*(L"our\*(R" or\&\*(L"state\*(R" variables.  They must have ordinary identifiers as names..ie n .IP "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file" 4.el .IP "Can't do inplace edit: \f(CW%s\fR is not a regular file" 4.IX Item "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file"(S inplace) You tried to use the \fB\-i\fR switch on a special file, such asa file in /dev, or a \s-1FIFO\s0.  The file was ignored..ie n .IP "Can't do inplace edit on %s:\fR \f(CW%s" 4.el .IP "Can't do inplace edit on \f(CW%s:\fR \f(CW%s\fR" 4.IX Item "Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s"(S inplace) The creation of the new file failed for the indicatedreason..IP "Can't do inplace edit without backup" 4.IX Item "Can't do inplace edit without backup"(F) You're on a system such as MS-DOS that gets confused if you tryreading from a deleted (but still opened) file.  You have to say\&\f(CW\*(C`\-i.bak\*(C'\fR, or some such..ie n .IP "Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique" 4.el .IP "Can't do inplace edit: \f(CW%s\fR would not be unique" 4.IX Item "Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique"(S inplace) Your filesystem does not support filenames longer than 14characters and Perl was unable to create a unique filename duringinplace editing with the \fB\-i\fR switch.  The file was ignored..IP "Can't do {n,m} with n > m in regex; marked by <\-\- \s-1HERE\s0 in m/%s/" 4.IX Item "Can't do {n,m} with n > m in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/"(F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really want yourregexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. The <\-\- \s-1HERE\s0 shows in theregular expression about where the problem was discovered. See perlre..IP "Can't do setegid!" 4.IX Item "Can't do setegid!"(P) The \fIsetegid()\fR call failed for some reason in the setuid emulator ofsuidperl.

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