prove.1

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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "PROVE 1"
.TH PROVE 1 "2008-01-23" "perl v5.10.0" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
prove \- Run tests through a TAP harness.
.SH "USAGE"
.IX Header "USAGE"
.Vb 1
\& prove [options] [files or directories]
.Ve
.SH "OPTIONS"
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
Boolean options:
.PP
.Vb 10
\& \-v,  \-\-verbose     Print all test lines.
\& \-l,  \-\-lib         Add \*(Aqlib\*(Aq to the path for your tests (\-Ilib).
\& \-b,  \-\-blib        Add \*(Aqblib/lib\*(Aq to the path for your tests (\-Iblib/lib).
\& \-s,  \-\-shuffle     Run the tests in random order.
\& \-c,  \-\-color       Colored test output (default).
\&      \-\-nocolor     Do not color test output.
\& \-f,  \-\-failures    Only show failed tests.
\&      \-\-fork        Fork to run harness in multiple processes
\& \-m,  \-\-merge       Merge test scripts\*(Aq STDERR with their STDOUT.
\& \-r,  \-\-recurse     Recursively descend into directories.
\&      \-\-reverse     Run the tests in reverse order.
\& \-q,  \-\-quiet       Suppress some test output while running tests.
\& \-Q,  \-\-QUIET       Only print summary results.
\& \-p,  \-\-parse       Show full list of TAP parse errors, if any.
\&      \-\-directives  Only show results with TODO or SKIP directives.
\&      \-\-timer       Print elapsed time after each test.
\& \-T                 Enable tainting checks.
\& \-t                 Enable tainting warnings.
\& \-W                 Enable fatal warnings.
\& \-w                 Enable warnings.
\& \-h,  \-\-help        Display this help
\& \-?,                Display this help
\& \-H,  \-\-man         Longer manpage for prove
\&      \-\-norc        Don\*(Aqt process default .proverc
.Ve
.PP
Options that take arguments:
.PP
.Vb 10
\& \-I                 Library paths to include.
\& \-P                 Load plugin (searches App::Prove::Plugin::*.)
\& \-M                 Load a module.
\& \-e,  \-\-exec        Interpreter to run the tests (\*(Aq\*(Aq for compiled tests.)
\&      \-\-harness     Define test harness to use.  See TAP::Harness.
\&      \-\-formatter   Result formatter to use. See TAP::Harness.
\& \-a,  \-\-archive     Store the resulting TAP in an archive file.
\& \-j,  \-\-jobs N      Run N test jobs in parallel (try 9.)
\&      \-\-state=opts  Control prove\*(Aqs persistent state.
\&      \-\-rc=rcfile   Process options from rcfile
.Ve
.SH "NOTES"
.IX Header "NOTES"
.Sh ".proverc"
.IX Subsection ".proverc"
If \fI~/.proverc\fR or \fI./.proverc\fR exist they will be read and any
options they contain processed before the command line options. Options
in \fI.proverc\fR are specified in the same way as command line options:
.PP
.Vb 3
\&    # .proverc
\&    \-\-state=hot,fast,save
\&    \-j9 \-\-fork
.Ve
.PP
Additional option files may be specified with the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-rc\*(C'\fR option.
Default option file processing is disabled by the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-norc\*(C'\fR option.
.PP
Under Windows and \s-1VMS\s0 the option file is named \fI_proverc\fR rather than
\&\fI.proverc\fR and is sought only in the current directory.
.ie n .Sh "Reading from ""STDIN"""
.el .Sh "Reading from \f(CWSTDIN\fP"
.IX Subsection "Reading from STDIN"
If you have a list of tests (or URLs, or anything else you want to test) in a
file, you can add them to your tests by using a '\-':
.PP
.Vb 1
\& prove \- < my_list_of_things_to_test.txt
.Ve
.PP
See the \f(CW\*(C`README\*(C'\fR in the \f(CW\*(C`examples\*(C'\fR directory of this distribution.
.Sh "Default Test Directory"
.IX Subsection "Default Test Directory"
If no files or directories are supplied, \f(CW\*(C`prove\*(C'\fR looks for all files
matching the pattern \f(CW\*(C`t/*.t\*(C'\fR.
.Sh "Colored Test Output"
.IX Subsection "Colored Test Output"
Colored test output is the default, but if output is not to a
terminal, color is disabled. You can override this by adding the 
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-\-color\*(C'\fR switch.
.PP
Color support requires Term::ANSIColor on Unix-like platforms and
Win32::Console windows. If the necessary module is not installed
colored output will not be available.
.Sh "Arguments to Tests"
.IX Subsection "Arguments to Tests"
It is possible to supply arguments to tests. To do so separate them from
prove's own arguments with the arisdottle, '::'. For example
.PP
.Vb 1
\& prove \-v t/mytest.t :: \-\-url http://example.com
.Ve
.PP
would run \fIt/mytest.t\fR with the options '\-\-url http://example.com'.
When running multiple tests they will each receive the same arguments.
.ie n .Sh """\-\-exec"""
.el .Sh "\f(CW\-\-exec\fP"
.IX Subsection "--exec"
Normally you can just pass a list of Perl tests and the harness will know how
to execute them.  However, if your tests are not written in Perl or if you
want all tests invoked exactly the same way, use the \f(CW\*(C`\-e\*(C'\fR, or \f(CW\*(C`\-\-exec\*(C'\fR
switch:
.PP
.Vb 3
\& prove \-\-exec \*(Aq/usr/bin/ruby \-w\*(Aq t/
\& prove \-\-exec \*(Aq/usr/bin/perl \-Tw \-mstrict \-Ilib\*(Aq t/
\& prove \-\-exec \*(Aq/path/to/my/customer/exec\*(Aq
.Ve
.ie n .Sh """\-\-merge"""
.el .Sh "\f(CW\-\-merge\fP"
.IX Subsection "--merge"
If you need to make sure your diagnostics are displayed in the correct
order relative to test results you can use the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-merge\*(C'\fR option to
merge the test scripts' \s-1STDERR\s0 into their \s-1STDOUT\s0.
.PP
This guarantees that \s-1STDOUT\s0 (where the test results appear) and \s-1STDOUT\s0
(where the diagnostics appear) will stay in sync. The harness will
display any diagnostics your tests emit on \s-1STDERR\s0.
.PP
Caveat: this is a bit of a kludge. In particular note that if anything
that appears on \s-1STDERR\s0 looks like a test result the test harness will
get confused. Use this option only if you understand the consequences
and can live with the risk.
.ie n .Sh """\-\-state"""
.el .Sh "\f(CW\-\-state\fP"
.IX Subsection "--state"
You can ask \f(CW\*(C`prove\*(C'\fR to remember the state of previous test runs and
select and/or order the tests to be run this time based on that
saved state.
.PP
The \f(CW\*(C`\-\-state\*(C'\fR switch requires an argument which must be a comma
separated list of one or more of the following options.
.ie n .IP """last""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWlast\fR" 4
.IX Item "last"
Run the same tests as the last time the state was saved. This makes it
possible, for example, to recreate the ordering of a shuffled test.
.Sp
.Vb 2
\&    # Run all tests in random order
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=save \-\-shuffle
\&
\&    # Run them again in the same order
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=last
.Ve
.ie n .IP """failed""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWfailed\fR" 4
.IX Item "failed"
Run only the tests that failed on the last run.
.Sp
.Vb 2
\&    # Run all tests
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=save
\&    
\&    # Run failures
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=failed
.Ve
.Sp
If you also specify the \f(CW\*(C`save\*(C'\fR option newly passing tests will be
excluded from subsequent runs.
.Sp
.Vb 2
\&    # Repeat until no more failures
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=failed,save
.Ve
.ie n .IP """passed""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWpassed\fR" 4
.IX Item "passed"
Run only the passed tests from last time. Useful to make sure that no
new problems have been introduced.
.ie n .IP """all""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWall\fR" 4
.IX Item "all"
Run all tests in normal order. Multple options may be specified, so to
run all tests with the failures from last time first:
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=failed,all,save
.Ve
.ie n .IP """hot""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWhot\fR" 4
.IX Item "hot"
Run the tests that most recently failed first. The last failure time of
each test is stored. The \f(CW\*(C`hot\*(C'\fR option causes tests to be run in most\-recent\-
failure order.
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=hot,save
.Ve
.Sp
Tests that have never failed will not be selected. To run all tests with
the most recently failed first use
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=hot,all,save
.Ve
.Sp
This combination of options may also be specified thus
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=adrian
.Ve
.ie n .IP """todo""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWtodo\fR" 4
.IX Item "todo"
Run any tests with todos.
.ie n .IP """slow""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWslow\fR" 4
.IX Item "slow"
Run the tests in slowest to fastest order. This is useful in conjunction
with the \f(CW\*(C`\-j\*(C'\fR parallel testing switch to ensure that your slowest tests
start running first.
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=slow \-j9
.Ve
.ie n .IP """fast""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWfast\fR" 4
.IX Item "fast"
Run test tests in fastest to slowest order.
.ie n .IP """new""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWnew\fR" 4
.IX Item "new"
Run the tests in newest to oldest order.
.ie n .IP """old""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWold\fR" 4
.IX Item "old"
Run the tests in oldest to newest order.
.ie n .IP """save""" 4
.el .IP "\f(CWsave\fR" 4
.IX Item "save"
Save the state on exit. The state is stored in a file called \fI.prove\fR
(\fI_prove\fR on Windows and \s-1VMS\s0) in the current directory.
.PP
The \f(CW\*(C`\-\-state\*(C'\fR switch may be used more than once.
.PP
.Vb 1
\&    $ prove \-b \-\-state=hot \-\-state=all,save
.Ve