install.pm

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package ExtUtils::Install;
use 5.00503;
use strict;

use vars qw(@ISA @EXPORT $VERSION $MUST_REBOOT %Config);
$VERSION = '1.44';
$VERSION = eval $VERSION;

use AutoSplit;
use Carp ();
use Config qw(%Config);
use Cwd qw(cwd);
use Exporter;
use ExtUtils::Packlist;
use File::Basename qw(dirname);
use File::Compare qw(compare);
use File::Copy;
use File::Find qw(find);
use File::Path;
use File::Spec;


@ISA = ('Exporter');
@EXPORT = ('install','uninstall','pm_to_blib', 'install_default');

=head1 NAME

ExtUtils::Install - install files from here to there

=head1 SYNOPSIS

  use ExtUtils::Install;

  install({ 'blib/lib' => 'some/install/dir' } );

  uninstall($packlist);

  pm_to_blib({ 'lib/Foo/Bar.pm' => 'blib/lib/Foo/Bar.pm' });

=head1 DESCRIPTION

Handles the installing and uninstalling of perl modules, scripts, man
pages, etc...

Both install() and uninstall() are specific to the way
ExtUtils::MakeMaker handles the installation and deinstallation of
perl modules. They are not designed as general purpose tools.

On some operating systems such as Win32 installation may not be possible
until after a reboot has occured. This can have varying consequences:
removing an old DLL does not impact programs using the new one, but if
a new DLL cannot be installed properly until reboot then anything
depending on it must wait. The package variable

  $ExtUtils::Install::MUST_REBOOT

is used to store this status.

If this variable is true then such an operation has occured and
anything depending on this module cannot proceed until a reboot
has occured.

If this value is defined but false then such an operation has
ocurred, but should not impact later operations.

=begin _private

=item _chmod($$;$)

Wrapper to chmod() for debugging and error trapping.

=item _warnonce(@)

Warns about something only once.

=item _choke(@)

Dies with a special message.

=end _private

=cut

my $Is_VMS     = $^O eq 'VMS';
my $Is_MacPerl = $^O eq 'MacOS';
my $Is_Win32   = $^O eq 'MSWin32';
my $Is_cygwin  = $^O eq 'cygwin';
my $CanMoveAtBoot = ($Is_Win32 || $Is_cygwin);

# *note* CanMoveAtBoot is only incidentally the same condition as below
# this needs not hold true in the future.
my $Has_Win32API_File = ($Is_Win32 || $Is_cygwin)
    ? (eval {require Win32API::File; 1} || 0)
    : 0;


my $Inc_uninstall_warn_handler;

# install relative to here

my $INSTALL_ROOT = $ENV{PERL_INSTALL_ROOT};

my $Curdir = File::Spec->curdir;
my $Updir  = File::Spec->updir;

sub _estr(@) {
    return join "\n",'!' x 72,@_,'!' x 72,'';
}

{my %warned;
sub _warnonce(@) {
    my $first=shift;
    my $msg=_estr "WARNING: $first",@_;
    warn $msg unless $warned{$msg}++;
}}

sub _choke(@) {
    my $first=shift;
    my $msg=_estr "ERROR: $first",@_;
    Carp::croak($msg);
}


sub _chmod($$;$) {
    my ( $mode, $item, $verbose )=@_;
    $verbose ||= 0;
    if (chmod $mode, $item) {
        print "chmod($mode, $item)\n" if $verbose > 1;
    } else {
        my $err="$!";
        _warnonce "WARNING: Failed chmod($mode, $item): $err\n"
            if -e $item;
    }
}

=begin _private

=item _move_file_at_boot( $file, $target, $moan  )

OS-Specific, Win32/Cygwin

Schedules a file to be moved/renamed/deleted at next boot.
$file should be a filespec of an existing file
$target should be a ref to an array if the file is to be deleted
otherwise it should be a filespec for a rename. If the file is existing
it will be replaced.

Sets $MUST_REBOOT to 0 to indicate a deletion operation has occured
and sets it to 1 to indicate that a move operation has been requested.

returns 1 on success, on failure if $moan is false errors are fatal.
If $moan is true then returns 0 on error and warns instead of dies.

=end _private

=cut



sub _move_file_at_boot { #XXX OS-SPECIFIC
    my ( $file, $target, $moan  )= @_;
    Carp::confess("Panic: Can't _move_file_at_boot on this platform!")
         unless $CanMoveAtBoot;

    my $descr= ref $target
                ? "'$file' for deletion"
                : "'$file' for installation as '$target'";

    if ( ! $Has_Win32API_File ) {

        my @msg=(
            "Cannot schedule $descr at reboot.",
            "Try installing Win32API::File to allow operations on locked files",
            "to be scheduled during reboot. Or try to perform the operation by",
            "hand yourself. (You may need to close other perl processes first)"
        );
        if ( $moan ) { _warnonce(@msg) } else { _choke(@msg) }
        return 0;
    }
    my $opts= Win32API::File::MOVEFILE_DELAY_UNTIL_REBOOT();
    $opts= $opts | Win32API::File::MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING()
        unless ref $target;

    _chmod( 0666, $file );
    _chmod( 0666, $target ) unless ref $target;

    if (Win32API::File::MoveFileEx( $file, $target, $opts )) {
        $MUST_REBOOT ||= ref $target ? 0 : 1;
        return 1;
    } else {
        my @msg=(
            "MoveFileEx $descr at reboot failed: $^E",
            "You may try to perform the operation by hand yourself. ",
            "(You may need to close other perl processes first).",
        );
        if ( $moan ) { _warnonce(@msg) } else { _choke(@msg) }
    }
    return 0;
}


=begin _private

=item _unlink_or_rename( $file, $tryhard, $installing )

OS-Specific, Win32/Cygwin

Tries to get a file out of the way by unlinking it or renaming it. On
some OS'es (Win32 based) DLL files can end up locked such that they can
be renamed but not deleted. Likewise sometimes a file can be locked such
that it cant even be renamed or changed except at reboot. To handle
these cases this routine finds a tempfile name that it can either rename
the file out of the way or use as a proxy for the install so that the
rename can happen later (at reboot).

  $file : the file to remove.
  $tryhard : should advanced tricks be used for deletion
  $installing : we are not merely deleting but we want to overwrite

When $tryhard is not true if the unlink fails its fatal. When $tryhard
is true then the file is attempted to be renamed. The renamed file is
then scheduled for deletion. If the rename fails then $installing
governs what happens. If it is false the failure is fatal. If it is true
then an attempt is made to schedule installation at boot using a
temporary file to hold the new file. If this fails then a fatal error is
thrown, if it succeeds it returns the temporary file name (which will be
a derivative of the original in the same directory) so that the caller can
use it to install under. In all other cases of success returns $file.
On failure throws a fatal error.

=end _private

=cut



sub _unlink_or_rename { #XXX OS-SPECIFIC
    my ( $file, $tryhard, $installing )= @_;

    _chmod( 0666, $file );
    unlink $file
        and return $file;
    my $error="$!";

    _choke("Cannot unlink '$file': $!")
          unless $CanMoveAtBoot && $tryhard;

    my $tmp= "AAA";
    ++$tmp while -e "$file.$tmp";
    $tmp= "$file.$tmp";

    warn "WARNING: Unable to unlink '$file': $error\n",
         "Going to try to rename it to '$tmp'.\n";

    if ( rename $file, $tmp ) {
        warn "Rename succesful. Scheduling '$tmp'\nfor deletion at reboot.\n";
        # when $installing we can set $moan to true.
        # IOW, if we cant delete the renamed file at reboot its
        # not the end of the world. The other cases are more serious
        # and need to be fatal.
        _move_file_at_boot( $tmp, [], $installing );
        return $file;
    } elsif ( $installing ) {
        _warnonce("Rename failed: $!. Scheduling '$tmp'\nfor".
             " installation as '$file' at reboot.\n");
        _move_file_at_boot( $tmp, $file );
        return $tmp;
    } else {
        _choke("Rename failed:$!", "Cannot procede.");
    }

}



=head2 Functions

=over 4

=item B<install>

    install(\%from_to);
    install(\%from_to, $verbose, $dont_execute, $uninstall_shadows, $skip);

Copies each directory tree of %from_to to its corresponding value
preserving timestamps and permissions.

There are two keys with a special meaning in the hash: "read" and
"write".  These contain packlist files.  After the copying is done,
install() will write the list of target files to $from_to{write}. If
$from_to{read} is given the contents of this file will be merged into
the written file. The read and the written file may be identical, but
on AFS it is quite likely that people are installing to a different
directory than the one where the files later appear.

If $verbose is true, will print out each file removed.  Default is
false.  This is "make install VERBINST=1". $verbose values going
up to 5 show increasingly more diagnostics output.

If $dont_execute is true it will only print what it was going to do
without actually doing it.  Default is false.

If $uninstall_shadows is true any differing versions throughout @INC
will be uninstalled.  This is "make install UNINST=1"

As of 1.37_02 install() supports the use of a list of patterns to filter
out files that shouldn't be installed. If $skip is omitted or undefined
then install will try to read the list from INSTALL.SKIP in the CWD.
This file is a list of regular expressions and is just like the
MANIFEST.SKIP file used by L<ExtUtils::Manifest>.

A default site INSTALL.SKIP may be provided by setting then environment
variable EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE, this will only be used when there
isn't a distribution specific INSTALL.SKIP. If the environment variable
EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP is true then no install file filtering will be
performed.

If $skip is undefined then the skip file will be autodetected and used if it
is found. If $skip is a reference to an array then it is assumed
the array contains the list of patterns, if $skip is a true non reference it is
assumed to be the filename holding the list of patterns, any other value of
$skip is taken to mean that no install filtering should occur.


=cut

=begin _private

=item _get_install_skip

Handles loading the INSTALL.SKIP file. Returns an array of patterns to use.

=cut



sub _get_install_skip {
    my ( $skip, $verbose )= @_;
    if ($ENV{EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP}) {
        print "EU_INSTALL_IGNORE_SKIP is set, ignore skipfile settings\n"
            if $verbose>2;
        return [];
    }
    if ( ! defined $skip ) {
        print "Looking for install skip list\n"
            if $verbose>2;
        for my $file ( 'INSTALL.SKIP', $ENV{EU_INSTALL_SITE_SKIPFILE} ) {
            next unless $file;
            print "\tChecking for $file\n"
                if $verbose>2;
            if (-e $file) {
                $skip= $file;
                last;
            }
        }
    }
    if ($skip && !ref $skip) {
        print "Reading skip patterns from '$skip'.\n"
            if $verbose;
        if (open my $fh,$skip ) {
            my @patterns;
            while (<$fh>) {
                chomp;
                next if /^\s*(?:#|$)/;
                print "\tSkip pattern: $_\n" if $verbose>3;
                push @patterns, $_;
            }
            $skip= \@patterns;
        } else {
            warn "Can't read skip file:'$skip':$!\n";
            $skip=[];
        }
    } elsif ( UNIVERSAL::isa($skip,'ARRAY') ) {
        print "Using array for skip list\n"
            if $verbose>2;
    } elsif ($verbose) {
        print "No skip list found.\n"
            if $verbose>1;
        $skip= [];
    }
    warn "Got @{[0+@$skip]} skip patterns.\n"
        if $verbose>3;
    return $skip