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📁 鸟哥的linux私房菜
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<div style="text-align:center">
<span style="font-weight:bolder; color:#3333FF"><span class="text_head0">鸟哥的<span class="text_head_en"> 
	Linux </span>私房菜</span></span><br />
<span style="color:#000080">为取得较佳浏览结果，请爱用 <a href="http://moztw.org" target="_blank">firefox</a>
	浏览本网页</span><br />
<a href="http://linux.vbird.org/" target="_blank"
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		alt="前往 Linux 基础文件，新手请从头学起" 
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<table summary="本文内容的排版" style="width:750px; 
	background-image:url('../images/VBirdLinux.jpg');
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	background-image:url('../images/border-top-center.jpg')">  </td>
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	font-size:6px">  </td></tr>
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    <td width="718">

<!-- 本文的档头部分 -->
<div style="text-align:center">
    <a href="0380mail.php">
    <span class="text_head0"><span class="text_head_en"> Mail </span>伺服器</span></a><br />
</div>
    <div style="text-align:left">
        <a href="0380mail.php?thisscreen=800x600"><!--切换解析度为 800x600--></a>
    </div>
    <div style="text-align:right">
        <span class="text_history">最近更新日期∶2007/02/27</span>
    </div>


<!-- 本文的档头部分 -->
<table class="head1" summary="排版∶文章档头的说明"><tr><td class="head1">
	在这个邮件伺服器的架设中，我们首先谈论 Mail 与 <a href="0350dns.php">DNS</a> 
	的重要相关性，然后依序介绍 Mail Server 的相关名词，以及 Mail
	Server 的运作基本流程与协定，也会谈到相关的 Relay 与邮件认证机制等项目，
	这些项目对于未来邮件主机的管理与设定是重要的，请不要忽略了这方面问题的讨论喔。
	在这篇文章中，我们将 sendmail 与 postfix 合在一起讲了，因为目前 Postfix 这个伺服器的设定上面具有比较佳的亲和力，
	所以 sendmail 我们仅作个简单的介绍，主要在以 Postfix 为主的邮件主机架设喔！
</td></tr></table><br />


<!-- 本文的连结区部分 -->
<div class=block1>
<span class="text_h1">
1. <a href="#before">本章的行前准备工作</a><br />
2. <a href="#whatmail">邮件伺服器的功能与运作原理</a><br />
	<span class=text_h2>
	    2.1 <a href="#whatmail_work">电子邮件的功能与问题</a><br />
	    2.2 <a href="#whatmail_dns">Mail server 与 DNS 之间的关系</a><br />
	    2.3 <a href="#whatmail_mta">邮件传输所需要的元件 (MTA, MUA, MDA) 以及相关协定</a><br />
	    2.4 <a href="#whatmail_pop">使用者收信时伺服器端所提供的相关协定</a><br />
	    2.5 <a href="#whatmail_relay">Relay 与认证机制的重要性</a><br />
	    2.6 <a href="#whatmail_mail">电子邮件的资料内容</a><br />
	    2.7 <a href="#whatmail_before">邮件伺服器架设前提</a><br />
	</span>
3. <a href="#sendmail">Sendmail 伺服器的简易架设介绍</a><br />
	<span class=text_h2>
	    3.1 <a href="#sendmail_pkg">所需要的套件与套件结构</a><br />
	    3.2 <a href="#sendmail_internet">开放 sendmail 的监听介面与收信主机名称设定</a><br />
	    3.3 <a href="#sendmail_relay">开放使用 MTA Relay 权限设定 /etc/mail/access</a><br />
	</span>
4. <a href="#postfix">用 Postfix 达成 MTA 功能</a><br />
	<span class=text_h2>
	    4.1 <a href="#postfix_why">Postfix 的产生</a><br />
	    4.2 <a href="#postfix_pkg">所需要的套件与套件结构</a><br />
	    4.3 <a href="#postfix_basic">让 Postfix 可监听 Internet 来收发信件</a><br />
	    4.4 <a href="#postfix_flow">信件传送流程与收信、relay 等重要观念</a><br />
	    4.5 <a href="#postfix_access">设定邮件主机使用权限与过滤机制 /etc/postfix/access</a><br />
	    4.6 <a href="#postfix_alias">设定邮件别名</a><br />
	    4.7 <a href="#postfix_forward">邮件转递 ~/.forward</a><br />
	    4.8 <a href="#postfix_mailq">察看信件伫列资讯</a><br />
	    4.9 <a href="#postfix_more">设定 relay 的进阶功能</a><br />
	</span>
5. <a href="#pop">让你的 MTA 接受 MUA 的读信要求∶POP/IMAP等协定</a><br />
6. <a href="#mua">用户端的收发信软体 (MUA)</a><br />
	<span class=text_h2>
	    6.1 <a href="#mua_mail">Linux mail</a><br />
	    6.2 <a href="#mua_telnet">Linux telnet</a><br />
	    6.3 <a href="#mua_thun">Thunderbird 好用的跨平台 (Windows/Linux X) 软体</a><br />
	</span>
7. <a href="#adv">邮件主机的进阶设定∶</a><br />
	<span class=text_h2>
	    7.1 <a href="#adv_perm">一些设定档所需要注意的『权限』问题</a><br />
	    7.2 <a href="#adv_postgrey">简单的广告信抵挡机制∶ postgrey 的动作</a><br />
	    7.3 <a href="#adv_ordb">关于黑名单的抵挡机制</a><br />
	    7.4 <a href="#adv_auth">开放 SMTP 身份认证之 relay 机制</a><br />
	    7.5 <a href="#adv_filter">基础的邮件过滤机制</a><br />
	    7.6 <a href="#adv_relayhost">非固定 IP 也可以有春天∶ relayhost</a><br />
	    7.7 <a href="#adv_scan">邮件扫瞄器∶amavisd-new+f-port+spamassanssin</a> 
		(<a href="#sa-learn">广告信自动学习</a>)<br />
	    7.8 <a href="#adv_other">其他设定小技巧</a><br />
	</span>
8. <a href="#other">其他应用说明</a><br />
	<span class=text_h2>
	    8.1 <a href="#other_prob">问题检查</a><br />
	    8.2 <a href="#other_backup">哪些资料要备份</a><br />
	    8.3 <a href="#other_quota">quota 与目录移转</a><br />
	</span>
9. <a href="#review">重点回顾</a><br />
10.<a href="#ex">课后练习</a><br />
11.<a href="#reference">参考资料</a><br />
<span class=text_h2>
12.<a href="http://phorum.vbird.org/viewtopic.php?p=117550"
        target="_blank">针对本文的建议∶http://phorum.vbird.org/viewtopic.php?p=117550</a><br />
</span>
</span>
</div>


<!-- 本文的正式部分 -->
<hr /><a NAME="before"></a><img src="images/penguin-m.gif" alt="大标题的图示" height="34" width="25" align="middle" /><span class="text_h1">本章的行前准备工作</span><br />
<div class=block1>
	玩过邮件主机的朋友都很清楚，在现在的环境当中想要搞定 Mail server 是很难的一件事情，
	因为目前网路社会的广告信、垃圾信、病毒信实在是多的不像话，所以各主要的 ISP 对于邮件控管上面越来越严格，
	因此如果你没有好好的规划好一些防备的工作，以及一些事前考虑规划的动作，
	那么由你的邮件主机寄出去的信件很可能老是无法到达目标主机的！而且很重要的一件事情是，
	邮件主机与 DNS 是不可分割的，尤其是 DNS 的 MX 标

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