smartctl.8.in

硬盘各项性能的测试,如温度容量版本健康度型号

.I select,next[+SIZE]
\- [ATA ONLY] [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTCTL FEATURE] runs a SMART Selective
Self Test on the LBA range which follows the range of the last test. The
starting LBA is set to (ending LBA +1) of the last test. A new span size
may be specified by the optional +SIZE argument.

For example the commands:
.nf
  smartctl \-t select,0\-999 /dev/hda
  smartctl \-t select,next /dev/hda
  smartctl \-t select,next+2000 /dev/hda
.fi
have the same effect as:
.nf
  smartctl \-t select,0\-999 /dev/hda
  smartctl \-t select,1000\-1999 /dev/hda
  smartctl \-t select,2000\-3999 /dev/hda
.fi

If the last test ended at the last LBA of the disk, the new range starts
at LBA 0. The span size of the last span of a disk is adjusted such that
the total number of spans to check the full disk will not be changed
by future uses of \'\-t select,next\'.

.I select,cont[+SIZE]
\- [ATA ONLY] [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTCTL FEATURE] performs a \'redo\'
(above) if the self test status reports that the last test was aborted
by the host. Otherwise it run the \'next\' (above) test.

.I afterselect,on
\- [ATA ONLY] perform an offline read scan after a Selective Self\-test
has completed. This option must be used together with one or more of
the \fIselect,N\-M\fP options above. If the LBAs that have been
specified in the Selective self\-test pass the test with no errors
found, then read scan the \fBremainder\fP of the disk.  If the device
is powered\-cycled while this read scan is in progress, the read scan
will be automatically resumed after a time specified by the pending
timer (see below).  The value of this option is preserved between
selective self\-tests.

.I afterselect,off
\- [ATA ONLY] do not read scan the remainder of the disk after a
Selective self\-test has completed.  This option must be use together
with one or more of the \fIselect,N\-M\fP options above.  The value of this
option is preserved between selective self\-tests.

.I pending,N 
\- [ATA ONLY] set the pending offline read scan timer to N minutes.
Here N is an integer in the range from 0 to 65535 inclusive.  If the
device is powered off during a read scan after a Selective self\-test,
then resume the test automatically N minutes after power\-up.  This
option must be use together with one or more of the \fIselect,N\-M\fP
options above. The value of this option is preserved between selective
self\-tests.

.I scttempint,N[,p]
\- [ATA ONLY] [NEW EXPERIMENTAL SMARTCTL FEATURE] set the time interval
for SCT temperature logging to N minutes. If \',p\' is specified, the
setting is preserved across power cycles. Otherwise, the setting is
volatile and will be reverted to default (1 minute), or last
non-volatile setting by the next hard reset. This command also clears
the temperature history table. See \'\-l scttemp\' above for more
information about SCT temperature logging.

.TP
.B \-C, \-\-captive
Runs self\-tests in captive mode.  This has no effect with \'\-t
offline\' or if the \'\-t\' option is not used. [Note: in the case of
SCSI devices, this command option runs the self\-test in "Foreground"
mode.]

\fBWARNING: Tests run in captive mode may busy out the drive for the
length of the test.  Only run captive tests on drives without any
mounted partitions!\fP

.TP
.B \-X, \-\-abort
Aborts non\-captive SMART Self Tests.  Note that this
command will abort the Offline Immediate Test routine only if your
disk has the "Abort Offline collection upon new command" capability.
.PP
.SH EXAMPLES
.nf
.B smartctl \-a /dev/hda
.fi
Print all SMART information for drive /dev/hda (Primary Master).
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-s off /dev/hdd
.fi
Disable SMART on drive /dev/hdd (Secondary Slave).
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-\-smart=on \-\-offlineauto=on \-\-saveauto=on /dev/hda
.fi
Enable SMART on drive /dev/hda, enable automatic offline
testing every four hours, and enable autosaving of
SMART Attributes.  This is a good start\-up line for your system\'s
init files.  You can issue this command on a running system.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-t long /dev/hdc
.fi
Begin an extended self\-test of drive /dev/hdc.  You can issue this
command on a running system.  The results can be seen in the self\-test
log visible with the \'\-l selftest\' option after it has completed.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-s on \-t offline /dev/hda
.fi
Enable SMART on the disk, and begin an immediate offline test of
drive /dev/hda.  You can issue this command on a running system.  The
results are only used to update the SMART Attributes, visible
with the \'\-A\' option.  If any device errors occur, they are logged to
the SMART error log, which can be seen with the \'\-l error\' option.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-A \-v 9,minutes /dev/hda
.fi
Shows the vendor Attributes, when the disk stores its power\-on time
internally in minutes rather than hours.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-q errorsonly \-H \-l selftest /dev/hda
.fi
Produces output only if the device returns failing SMART status,
or if some of the logged self\-tests ended with errors.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-q silent \-a /dev/hda
.fi
Examine all SMART data for device /dev/hda, but produce no
printed output.  You must use the exit status (the
.B $?
shell variable) to learn if any Attributes are out of bound, if the
SMART status is failing, if there are errors recorded in the
self\-test log, or if there are errors recorded in the disk error log.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-a \-d 3ware,0 /dev/sda
.fi
Examine all SMART data for the first ATA disk connected to a 3ware
RAID controller card.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-a \-d 3ware,0 /dev/twe0
.fi
Examine all SMART data for the first ATA disk connected to a 3ware
RAID 6000/7000/8000 controller card.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-a \-d 3ware,0 /dev/twa0
.fi
Examine all SMART data for the first ATA disk connected to a 3ware
RAID 9000 controller card.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-t short \-d 3ware,3 /dev/sdb
.fi
Start a short self\-test on the fourth ATA disk connected to the 3ware RAID
controller card which is the second SCSI device /dev/sdb.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-a \-d hpt,1/3 /dev/sda
.fi
Examine all SMART data for the (S)ATA disk directly connected to the third channel of the
first HighPoint RocketRAID controller card.
.nf
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-t short \-d hpt,1/1/2 /dev/sda
.fi
Start a short self\-test on the (S)ATA disk connected to second pmport on the
first channel of the first HighPoint RocketRAID controller card.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-t select,10\-100 \-t select,30\-300 \-t afterselect,on \-t pending,45 /dev/hda
.fi
Run a selective self\-test on LBAs 10 to 100 and 30 to 300.  After the
these LBAs have been tested, read\-scan the remainder of the disk.  If the disk is
power\-cycled during the read\-scan, resume the scan 45 minutes after power to the
device is restored.
.PP
.nf
.B smartctl \-a \-d cciss,0 /dev/cciss/c0d0
.fi
Examine all SMART data for the first SCSI disk connected to a cciss
RAID controller card.
.PP
.SH RETURN VALUES
The return values of \fBsmartctl\fP are defined by a bitmask.  If all
is well with the disk, the return value (exit status) of
\fBsmartctl\fP is 0 (all bits turned off).  If a problem occurs, or an
error, potential error, or fault is detected, then a non\-zero status
is returned.  In this case, the eight different bits in the return
value have the following meanings for ATA disks; some of these values
may also be returned for SCSI disks.
.TP
.B Bit 0:
Command line did not parse.
.TP
.B Bit 1:
Device open failed, or device did not return an IDENTIFY DEVICE structure. 
.TP
.B Bit 2:
Some SMART command to the disk failed, or there was a checksum error
in a SMART data structure (see \'\-b\' option above).
.TP
.B Bit 3:
SMART status check returned "DISK FAILING".
.TP
.B Bit 4:
We found prefail Attributes <= threshold.
.TP
.B Bit 5:
SMART status check returned "DISK OK" but we found that some (usage
or prefail) Attributes have been <= threshold at some time in the
past. 
.TP
.B Bit 6:
The device error log contains records of errors.
.TP
.B Bit 7:
The device self\-test log contains records of errors.

To test within the shell for whether or not the different bits are
turned on or off, you can use the following type of construction (this
is bash syntax):
.nf
.B smartstat=$(($? & 8))
.fi
This looks at only at bit 3 of the exit status
.B $?
(since 8=2^3).  The shell variable
$smartstat will be nonzero if SMART status check returned "disk
failing" and zero otherwise.

.PP
.SH NOTES
The TapeAlert log page flags are cleared for the initiator when the
page is read. This means that each alert condition is reported only
once by \fBsmartctl\fP for each initiator for each activation of the
condition.

.PP
.SH AUTHOR
\fBBruce Allen\fP smartmontools\[e-mail]
.fi
University of Wisconsin \- Milwaukee Physics Department
 
.PP
.SH CONTRIBUTORS
The following have made large contributions to smartmontools:
.nf
\fBCasper Dik\fP (Solaris SCSI interface)
\fBChristian Franke\fP (Windows interface and Cygwin package)
\fBDouglas Gilbert\fP (SCSI subsystem)
\fBGuido Guenther\fP (Autoconf/Automake packaging)
\fBGeoffrey Keating\fP (Darwin ATA interface)
\fBEduard Martinescu\fP (FreeBSD interface)
\fBFr\*'ed\*'eric L. W. Meunier\fP (Web site and Mailing list)
\fBKeiji Sawada\fP (Solaris ATA interface)
\fBSergey Svishchev\fP (NetBSD interface)
\fBDavid Snyder and Sergey Svishchev\fP (OpenBSD interface)
\fBPhil Williams\fP (User interface and drive database)
\fBYuri Dario\fP (OS/2, eComStation interface)
\fBShengfeng Zhou\fP (Linux Highpoint RocketRaid interface)
.fi
Many other individuals have made smaller contributions and corrections.

.PP
.SH CREDITS
.fi
This code was derived from the smartsuite package, written by Michael
Cornwell, and from the previous UCSC smartsuite package.  It extends
these to cover ATA\-5 disks.  This code was originally developed as a
Senior Thesis by Michael Cornwell at the Concurrent Systems Laboratory
(now part of the Storage Systems Research Center), Jack Baskin School
of Engineering, University of California, Santa
Cruz. \fBhttp://ssrc.soe.ucsc.edu/\fP .
.SH
HOME PAGE FOR SMARTMONTOOLS: 
.fi
Please see the following web site for updates, further documentation, bug
reports and patches: \fBhttp://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/\fP

.SH
SEE ALSO:
\fBsmartd\fP(8), \fBbadblocks\fP(8), \fBide\-smart\fP(8).
.SH
REFERENCES FOR SMART
.fi
An introductory article about smartmontools