itkhistogram.h

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/*=========================================================================

  Program:   Insight Segmentation & Registration Toolkit
  Module:    $RCSfile: itkHistogram.h,v $
  Language:  C++
  Date:      $Date: 2005-09-30 17:24:45 $
  Version:   $Revision: 1.49 $

  Copyright (c) Insight Software Consortium. All rights reserved.
  See ITKCopyright.txt or http://www.itk.org/HTML/Copyright.htm for details.

     This software is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even 
     the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 
     PURPOSE.  See the above copyright notices for more information.

=========================================================================*/
#ifndef __itkHistogram_h
#define __itkHistogram_h

#include <vector>

#include "itkIndex.h"
#include "itkSize.h"
#include "itkFixedArray.h"
#include "itkSample.h"
#include "itkDenseFrequencyContainer.h"
#include "itkSparseFrequencyContainer.h"

namespace itk{
namespace Statistics{

/**
 * Due to a bug in MSVC, an enum value cannot be accessed out of a template
 * parameter until the template class opens.  In order for templated classes
 * to access the dimension of an image template parameter in defining their
 * own dimension, this class is needed as a work-around.
 */
template <typename THistogram>
struct GetHistogramDimension
{
  itkStaticConstMacro(HistogramDimension, unsigned int, THistogram::MeasurementVectorSize);
}; 
  
/** \class Histogram 
 *  \brief This class stores measurement vectors in the context of n-dimensional histogram.
 *
 * Histogram represents an ND histogram.  Histogram bins can be
 * regularly or irregularly spaced. The storage for the histogram is
 * managed via the FrequencyContainer specified by the template
 * argument.  The default frequency container is a
 * DenseFrequencyContainer. A SparseFrequencyContainer can be used as
 * an alternative.
 *
 * Frequencies of a bin (SetFrequency(), IncreaseFrequency()) can be
 * specified by measurement, index, or instance identifier.
 *
 * Measurements can be queried by bin index or instance
 * identifier. In this case, the measurement returned in the centroid
 * of the histogram bin.
 *
 * The Initialize() method is used to specified the number of bins for
 * each dimension of the histogram. An overloaded version also allows
 * for regularly spaced bins to defined.  To define irregularly sized
 * bins, use the SetBinMin()/SetBinMax() methods.
 *  
 * If you do not know the length of the measurement vector at compile time, you
 * can set the second template parameter to 0. This can conveniently be obtained
 * from MeasurementVectorTraits. For instance, instantiate a histogram as
 * below:
 *
 * \code
 * typedef Histogram< THistogramMeasurement, typename 
 *      MeasurementVectorTraits< MeasurementVectorType >::MeasurementVectorLength,
 *      TFrequencyContainer > HistogramType;
 * \endcode
 * 
 * \sa Sample, DenseFrequencyContainer, SparseFrequencyContainer
 */

template < class TMeasurement = float, unsigned int VMeasurementVectorSize = 1,
           class TFrequencyContainer = DenseFrequencyContainer > 
class ITK_EXPORT Histogram 
  : public Sample < FixedArray< TMeasurement, VMeasurementVectorSize > >
{
public:


  /** Standard typedefs */
  typedef Histogram  Self ;
  typedef Sample< FixedArray< TMeasurement, VMeasurementVectorSize > > Superclass ;
  typedef SmartPointer<Self> Pointer ;
  typedef SmartPointer<const Self> ConstPointer ;

  /** Run-time type information (and related methods). */
  itkTypeMacro(Histogram, Sample) ;

  /** standard New() method support */
  itkNewMacro(Self) ;

  /** Dimension of a measurement vector */
  itkStaticConstMacro(MeasurementVectorSize, unsigned int,
                      VMeasurementVectorSize);
 
  
  /** type of an element of a measurement vector */
  typedef TMeasurement MeasurementType ;

  /** Common sample class typedefs */
  typedef typename Superclass::MeasurementVectorType MeasurementVectorType ;
  typedef typename Superclass::InstanceIdentifier InstanceIdentifier ;
  typedef MeasurementVectorType ValueType ;
  typedef typename Superclass::MeasurementVectorSizeType MeasurementVectorSizeType;

  /** frequency container typedef */
  typedef TFrequencyContainer FrequencyContainerType ;
  typedef typename FrequencyContainerType::Pointer FrequencyContainerPointer ;

  /** Frequency and TotalFrequency value type from superclass */
  typedef typename FrequencyContainerType::FrequencyType FrequencyType ;
  typedef typename FrequencyContainerType::TotalFrequencyType TotalFrequencyType ;

  /** Index typedef support. An index is used to access pixel values. */
  typedef itk::Index< VMeasurementVectorSize >  IndexType;
  typedef typename IndexType::IndexValueType  IndexValueType;

  /** size array type */
  typedef itk::Size< VMeasurementVectorSize > SizeType ;
  typedef typename SizeType::SizeValueType SizeValueType ;

  /** bin min max value storage types */
  typedef std::vector< MeasurementType > BinMinVectorType ;
  typedef std::vector< MeasurementType > BinMaxVectorType ;
  typedef std::vector< BinMinVectorType > BinMinContainerType ;
  typedef std::vector< BinMaxVectorType > BinMaxContainerType ;

  /** Initialize the histogram, generating the offset table and
   * preparing the frequency container. Subclasses should call this
   * method in their Initialize() method. */
  void Initialize(const SizeType &size) ;
  

  /** Initialize the histogram using equal size bins. To assign bin's
   * min and max values along each dimension use SetBinMin() and
   * SetBinMax() functions. */
  void Initialize(const SizeType &size, MeasurementVectorType& lowerBound,
                  MeasurementVectorType& upperBound) ;

  /** Initialize the values of the histogram bins to zero */
  void SetToZero() ;

  /** Get the index of a measurement value from the histogram.
   * \deprecated Use GetIndex(const MeasurementVectorType &
   * measurement, IndexType & index ) const instead.*/
  const IndexType & GetIndex(const MeasurementVectorType& measurement) const;

  /** Get the index of histogram corresponding to the specified
   *  measurement value. Returns true if index is valid and false if
   *  the measurement is outside the histogram */
  bool GetIndex(const MeasurementVectorType & measurement,
                IndexType & index ) const;
  
  /** Get the index that is uniquely labelled by an instance identifier
   * The corresponding id is the offset of the index 
   * This method uses ImageBase::ComputeIndex() method */
  const IndexType & GetIndex(const InstanceIdentifier &id) const;

  /** Is set to false if the bins at edges of the histogram extend to
   *   +/- infinity. */
  itkGetMacro(ClipBinsAtEnds, bool);

  /** Set to false to have the bins at edges of the histogram extend to
   *   +/- infinity. */
  itkSetMacro(ClipBinsAtEnds, bool);

  /** Returns true if the given index is out of bound meaning one of index
   * is not between [0, last index] */
  bool IsIndexOutOfBounds(const IndexType &index) const;

  /** Get the instance identifier of the bin that is indexed by the 
   * index. The corresponding instance identifier is the offset of the index 
   * This method uses ImageBase::ComputeIndex() method */
  InstanceIdentifier GetInstanceIdentifier(const IndexType &index) const ;
  
  /** Returns the number of instances (bins or cells) in this container */
  unsigned int Size() const ;

  /** Get the size (N-dimensional) of the histogram  */
  SizeType GetSize() const
  { return m_Size ; }

  /** Get the size of histogram along a specified dimension */
  SizeValueType GetSize(const unsigned int dimension) const
  {
    return m_Size[dimension] ; 
  }

  /** Get the minimum value of nth bin of dimension d */
  const MeasurementType& GetBinMin(const unsigned int dimension, 
                             const unsigned long nbin) const
  { return m_Min[dimension][nbin] ; }

  /** Get the maximum value of nth bin of dimension d */
  const MeasurementType& GetBinMax(const unsigned int dimension,
                             const unsigned long nbin) const
  { return m_Max[dimension][nbin] ; }
  
  /** Set the minimum value of nth bin of dimension d */
  void SetBinMin(const unsigned int dimension, const unsigned long nbin,
                 const MeasurementType min)
  { m_Min[dimension][nbin] = min ; }
  
  /** Set the maximum value of nth bin of dimension d */
  void SetBinMax(const unsigned int dimension, 
                 unsigned long nbin, const MeasurementType max)
  { m_Max[dimension][nbin] = max ; }
  
  /** Get the minimum of the bin along dimension d corresponding to a
   * particular measurement. */
  const MeasurementType& GetBinMinFromValue(const unsigned int dimension, 
                                      const float value ) const  ;
  
  /** Get the maximum of the bin along dimension d corresponding to a  
   * particular measurement. */
  const MeasurementType& GetBinMaxFromValue(const unsigned int dimension, 
                                      const float value ) const ;
  
  /** Get the vector of bin minimums along a dimension  */
  const BinMinVectorType& GetDimensionMins(const unsigned int dimension) const
  { return m_Min[dimension] ; }
  
  /** Get the vector of maximums along a dimension  */
  const BinMaxVectorType& GetDimensionMaxs(const unsigned int dimension) const
  {  return m_Max[dimension] ; }
  
  /** Get the minimums of the bins  */
  const BinMinContainerType& GetMins() const
  { return m_Min ; }
  
  /** Method the maximums of the bins  */
  const BinMaxContainerType& GetMaxs() const
  { return m_Max ; }
  
//  /** Get the minimums of the bin corresponding to a particular measurement */
//  MeasurementVectorType& GetHistogramMinFromValue(const MeasurementVectorType 
//                                                  &measurement)  ; 
//  
//  /** Get the maximums of the bin corresponding to a particular measurement */
//  MeasurementVectorType& GetHistogramMaxFromValue(const MeasurementVectorType 
//                                                  &measurement) ; 
  
  /** Get the minimums of the bin corresponding to a particular index */
  MeasurementVectorType& GetHistogramMinFromIndex(const IndexType &index) ;
  
  /** Get the maximums of the bin corresponding to a particular index  */
  MeasurementVectorType& GetHistogramMaxFromIndex(const IndexType &index) ; 
  
  /** Get the frequency of an instance indentifier */
  FrequencyType GetFrequency(const InstanceIdentifier &id) const
  { return m_FrequencyContainer->GetFrequency(id) ; }

  /** Get the frequency of an index */
  FrequencyType GetFrequency(const IndexType &index) const ;

  /** Set all the bins in the histogram to a specified frequency */
  void SetFrequency(const FrequencyType value) ;

  /** Set the frequency of an instance identifier.  Returns false if the bin is
   * out of bounds. */
  bool SetFrequency(const InstanceIdentifier &id, const FrequencyType value) 
  { return m_FrequencyContainer->SetFrequency(id, value) ; }

  /** Set the frequency of an index. Returns false if the bin is
   * out of bounds. */