interrupa.txt

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	AX = 454Ah ('EJ')
Program: PSPS is shareware PostScript PrintScreen utility by A.N.D.
	  Technologies
Note:	sends a ^D to the current printer
SeeAlso: AX=4E57h,AX=5053h,AX=554Eh
--------P-054E57-----------------------------
INT 05 U - PSPS v2.01 - SET PARAMETERS
	AX = 4E57h ('NW')
	ES:SI -> 11-byte buffer containing new settings
Return: buffer filled
SeeAlso: AX=454Ah,AX=5053h,INT 17/AH=63h
--------P-055053-----------------------------
INT 05 U - PSPS v2.01 - GET PARAMETERS
	AX = 5053h ('PS')
	ES:SI -> 11-byte buffer for settings
Return: buffer filled
SeeAlso: AX=4E57h,AX=554Eh,INT 17/AH=64h
--------P-05554E-----------------------------
INT 05 U - PSPS v2.01 - UNINSTALL
	AX = 554Eh ('UN')
Program: PSPS is shareware PostScript PrintScreen utility by A.N.D.
	  Technologies
SeeAlso: AX=454Ah,AX=4E57h,INT 17/AH=62h
--------C-06---------------------------------
INT 06 C - CPU-generated (80186+) - INVALID OPCODE
Desc:	this interrupt is generated when the CPU attempts to execute an
	  invalid opcode (most protected-mode instructions are considered
	  invalid in real mode) or a BOUND, LDS, LES, or LIDT instruction
	  which specifies a register rather than a memory address
Notes:	return address points to beginning of invalid instruction
	with proper programming, this interrupt may be used to emulate
	  instructions which do not exist; many 386 BIOSes emulate the 80286
	  undocumented LOADALL instruction which was removed from the 80386+
	generated by the 80386+ when the LOCK prefix is used with instructions
	  other than BTS, BTR, BTC, XCHG, XADD (486), CMPXCHG (486), INC, DEC,
	  NOT, NEG, ADD, ADC, SUB, SBB, AND, OR, or XOR, or any instruction
	  not accessing memory.
SeeAlso: INT 0C"CPU",INT 0D"CPU"
--------b-06---------------------------------
INT 06 C - HP 95LX - SLEEP/WAKEUP
Desc:	this interrupt is called just before going into light or deep
	  (shutdown) sleep and just after returning from light or deep sleep
SeeAlso: INT 0B"HP 95LX",INT 15/AX=4DD4h,INT 15/AH=4Eh
--------V-06---------------------------------
INT 06 U - no-name clone - GRAPHICS CHARACTER TABLE (NOT A VECTOR!)
Desc:	points at graphics data for characters 00h-7Fh of the current font
SeeAlso: INT 43"EGA",INT 44"VIDEO"
--------C-07---------------------------------
INT 07 C - CPU-generated (80286+) - PROCESSOR EXTENSION NOT AVAILABLE
Desc:	this interrupt is automatically called if a coprocessor instruction is
	  encountered when no coprocessor is installed
Note:	can be used to emulate a numeric coprocessor in software
SeeAlso: INT 09"CPU"
--------H-08---------------------------------
INT 08 C - IRQ0 - SYSTEM TIMER
Desc:	generated 18.2 times per second by channel 0 of the 8254 system timer,
	  this interrupt is used to keep the time-of-day clock updated
Notes:	programs which need to be invoked regularly should use INT 1C unless
	  they need to reprogram the timer while still keeping the time-of-day
	  clock running at the proper rate
	default handler is at F000h:FEA5h in IBM PC and 100%-compatible BIOSes
	may be masked by setting bit 0 on I/O port 21h
SeeAlso: INT 1C,INT 4A"SYSTEM",INT 50"DESQview",INT 58"DoubleDOS",INT 70"IRQ8"
SeeAlso: INT 78"GO32",INT D8"Screen Thief",MEM 0040h:0040h,MEM 0040h:006Ch
--------C-08---------------------------------
INT 08 C - CPU-generated (80286+) - DOUBLE EXCEPTION DETECTED
Desc:	called when multiple exceptions occur on one instruction, or an
	  exception occurs in an exception handler
Notes:	called in protected mode if an interrupt above the defined limit of
	  the interrupt vector table occurs
	return address points at beginning of instruction with errors or the
	  beginning of the instruction which was about to execute when the
	  external interrupt caused the exception
	if an exception occurs in the double fault handler, the CPU goes into
	  SHUTDOWN mode (which circuitry in the PC/AT converts to a reset);
	  this "triple fault" is a faster way of returning to real mode on
	  many 80286 machines than the standard keyboard controller reset
--------H-09---------------------------------
INT 09 C - IRQ1 - KEYBOARD DATA READY
Desc:	this interrupt is generated when data is received from the keyboard.
	  This is normally a scan code (from either a keypress *or* a key
	  release), but may also be an ACK or NAK of a command on AT-class
	  keyboards.
Notes:	this IRQ may be masked by setting bit 1 on I/O port 21h
	if the BIOS supports an enhanced (101/102-key) keyboard, it calls
	  INT 15/AH=4Fh after reading the scan code (see #00006) from the
	  keyboard and before further processing; all further processing uses
	  the scan code returned from INT 15/AH=4Fh
	the default interrupt handler is at F000h:E987h in 100%-compatible
	  BIOSes
	the interrupt handler performs the following actions for certain
	  special keystrokes:
	    Ctrl-Break	 clear keyboard buffer, place word 0000h in buffer,
			 invoke INT 1B, and set flag at 0040h:0071h
	    SysReq	 invoke INT 15/AH=85h (SysReq is often labeled SysRq)
	    Ctrl-Numlock place system in a tight wait loop until next INT 09
	    Ctrl-Alt-Del jump to BIOS startup code (either F000h:FFF0h or the
			   destination of the jump at that address)
	    Shift-PrtSc	 invoke INT 05
	    Ctrl-Alt-Plus (HP Vectra) enable keyclick
	    Ctrl-Alt-Plus (many clones) set clock speed to high
	    Ctrl-Alt-Minus (HP Vectra) reduce keyclick volume
	    Ctrl-Alt-Minus (many clones) set clock speed to low
	    Ctrl-Alt-SysReq (HP Vectra) generate hard reset
	    Ctrl-Alt-S	(many clones) run BIOS setup program
	    Ctrl-Alt-Esc (many clones) run BIOS setup program
	    Ctrl-Alt-Ins (many clones) run BIOS setup program
	    Ctrl-Alt-LeftShift-GrayMinus (some clones) turn off system cache
	    Ctrl-Alt-LeftShift-GrayPlus (some clones) turn on system cache
	DR DOS hooks this interrupt to control the cursor shape (underscore/
	  half block) for overwrite/insert mode
	DR Multiuser DOS hooks this interrupt for cursor shape control and to
	  control whether Ctrl-Alt-Del reboots the current session or the
	  entire system
SeeAlso: INT 05"PRINT SCREEN",INT 0B"HP 95LX",INT 15/AH=4Fh,INT 15/AH=85h
SeeAlso: INT 16/AH=00h,INT 16/AH=10h,INT 1B,INT 2F/AX=A901h,INT 4A/AH=00h"TI"
SeeAlso: INT 51"DESQview",INT 59"DoubleDOS",INT 79"GO32"

(Table 00006)
Values for keyboard make/break (scan) code:
 01h	Esc		 31h	N
 02h	1 !		 32h	M
 03h	2 @		 33h	, <		 63h	F16
 04h	3 #		 34h	. >		 64h	F17
 05h	4 $		 35h	/ ?		 65h	F18
 06h	5 %		 36h	Right Shift	 66h	F19
 07h	6 ^		 37h	Grey*		 67h	F20
 08h	7 &		 38h	Alt		 68h	F21 (Fn) [*]
 09h	8 *		 39h	SpaceBar	 69h	F22
 0Ah	9 (		 3Ah	CapsLock	 6Ah	F23
 0Bh	0 )		 3Bh	F1		 6Bh	F24
 0Ch	- _		 3Ch	F2		 6Ch	--
 0Dh	= +		 3Dh	F3		 6Dh	EraseEOF
 0Eh	Backspace	 3Eh	F4
 0Fh	Tab		 3Fh	F5		 6Fh	Copy/Play
 10h	Q		 40h	F6
 11h	W		 41h	F7
 12h	E		 42h	F8		 72h	CrSel
 13h	R		 43h	F9		 73h	<delta> [*]
 14h	T		 44h	F10		 74h	ExSel
 15h	Y		 45h	NumLock		 75h	--
 16h	U		 46h	ScrollLock	 76h	Clear
 17h	I		 47h	Home		 77h	[Note2] Joyst But1
 18h	O		 48h	UpArrow		 78h	[Note2] Joyst But2
 19h	P		 49h	PgUp		 79h	[Note2] Joyst Right
 1Ah	[ {		 4Ah	Grey-		 7Ah	[Note2] Joyst Left
 1Bh	] }		 4Bh	LeftArrow	 7Bh	[Note2] Joyst Up
 1Ch	Enter		 4Ch	Keypad 5	 7Ch	[Note2] Joyst Down
 1Dh	Ctrl		 4Dh	RightArrow	 7Dh	[Note2] right mouse
 1Eh	A		 4Eh	Grey+		 7Eh	[Note2] left mouse
 1Fh	S		 4Fh	End
 20h	D		 50h	DownArrow
 21h	F		 51h	PgDn
 22h	G		 52h	Ins
 23h	H		 53h	Del
 24h	J		 54h	SysReq		---non-key codes---
 25h	K		 55h	[Note1] F11	 00h	kbd buffer full
 26h	L		 56h	left \| (102-key)
 27h	; :		 57h	F11		 AAh	self-test complete
 28h	' "		 58h	F12		 E0h	prefix code
 29h	` ~		 59h	[Note1] F15	 E1h	prefix code
 2Ah	Left Shift	 5Ah	PA1		 EEh	ECHO
 2Bh	\ |		 5Bh	F13 (LWin)	 F0h	prefix code (key break)
 2Ch	Z		 5Ch	F14 (RWin)	 FAh	ACK
 2Dh	X		 5Dh	F15 (Menu)	 FCh	diag failure (MF-kbd)
 2Eh	C					 FDh	diag failure (AT-kbd)
 2Fh	V					 FEh	RESEND
 30h	B					 FFh	kbd error/buffer full
Notes:	scan codes 56h-E1h are only available on the extended (101/102-key)
	  keyboard and Host Connected (122-key) keyboard; scan codes 5Bh-5Dh
	  are only available on the 122-key keyboard and the Microsoft Natural
	  Keyboard; scan codes 5Eh-76h are only available on the 122-key
	  keyboard
	in the default configuration, break codes are the make scan codes with
	  the high bit set; make codes 60h,61h,70h, etc. are not available
	  because the corresponding break codes conflict with prefix codes
	  (code 2Ah is available because the self-test result code AAh is only
	  sent on keyboard initialization).  An alternate keyboard
	  configuration can be enabled on AT and later systems with enhanced
	  keyboards, in which break codes are the same as make codes, but
	  prefixed with an F0h scan code
	prefix code E0h indicates that the following make/break code is for a
	  "gray" duplicate to a key which existed on the original PC keyboard;
	  prefix code E1h indicates that the following make code has no
	  corresponding break code (currently only the Pause key generates no
	  break code)
	the Microsoft Natural Keyboard sends make codes 5Bh, 5Ch, and 5Dh
	  (all with an E0h prefix) for the Left Windows, Right Windows, and
	  Menu keys on the bottom row
	the European "Cherry G81-3000 SAx/04" keyboard contains contacts for
	  four additional keys, which can be made available by a user
	  modification; the three new keys located directly below the cursor
	  pad's Delete, End, and PgDn keys send make codes 66h-68h (F19-F21);
	  the fourth new key, named <delta>, sends make code 73h
	the SysReq key is often labeled SysRq
	the "Accord" ergonomic keyboard with optional touchpad (no other
	  identification visible on keyboard or in owner's booklet) has an
	  additional key above the Grey- key marked with a left-pointing
	  triangle and labeled "Fn" in the owner's booklet which returns
	  scan codes E0h 68h on make and E0h E8h on break
	the "Preh Commander AT" keyboard with additional F11-F22 keys treats
	  F11-F20 as Shift-F1..Shift-F10 and F21/F22 as Ctrl-F1/Ctrl-F2; the
	  Eagle PC-2 keyboard with F11-F24 keys treated those additional keys
	  in the same way
	[Note1] the "Cherry G80-0777" keyboard has additional F11-F15 keys
	  which generate make codes 55h-59h; some other extended keyboards
	  generate codes 55h and 56h for F11 and F12, which cannot be managed
	  by standard DOS keyboard drivers
	[Note2] the Schneider/Amstrad PC1512 PC keyboards contain extra keys,
	  a mouse, and a digital joystick, which are handled like extra keys.
	  The joystick's motion scancodes are converted into standard arrow
	  keys by the BIOS, and the joystick and mouse button scan codes are
	  converted to FFFFh codes in the BIOS keyboard buffer
	  (see CMOS 15h"AMSTRAD").
	  In addition to the keys listed in the table above, there are
	    Del-> (delete forward)	70h
	    Enter			74h
SeeAlso: #00602 at INT 16/AX=6F07h,#03214 at INT 4A/AH=05h
--------C-09---------------------------------
INT 09 C - CPU-generated (80286,80386) - PROCESSOR EXTENSION PROTECTION ERROR
Desc:	called if the coprocessor attempts to access memory outside a segment
	  boundary; it may occur at an arbitrary time after the coprocessor
	  instruction was issued
Notes:	until the condition is cleared or the coprocessor is reset, the only
	  coprocessor instruction which may be used is FNINIT; WAIT or other
	  coprocessor instructions will cause a deadlock because the
	  coprocessor is still busy waiting for data
	for the 486+, a coprocessor protection error generates an INT 0D
SeeAlso: INT 07"CPU"
--------*-09---------------------------------
INT 09 P - internal hardware - RESERVED BY Intel (80486)
Note:	this exception has been moved to INT 0D
SeeAlso: INT 09"CPU",INT 0D
--------H-0A---------------------------------
INT 0A C - IRQ2 - LPT2 (PC), VERTICAL RETRACE INTERRUPT (EGA,VGA)
Notes:	the TOPS and PCnet adapters use this interrupt request line by default
	DOS 3.2 revectors IRQ2 to a stack-switching routine; DOS 3.3+ does so
	  unless STACKS=0 has been set in CONFIG.SYS.  MS/PC-DOS 3.3+ use the
	  IBM Interrupt Sharing Protocol (see #02568) when hooking this IRQ
	on ATs and above, the physical data line for IRQ2 is labeled IRQ9 and
	  connects to the slave 8259.  The BIOS redirects the interrupt for
	  IRQ9 back here.
	under DESQview, only the INT 15h vector and BASIC segment address (the
	  word at 0000h:0510h) may be assumed to be valid for the handler's
	  process
	many VGA boards do not implement the vertical retrace interrupt,
	  including the IBM VGA Adapter where the traces are either cut or
	  removed
SeeAlso: INT 52"DESQview",INT 5A"DoubleDOS",INT 71,INT 7A"GO32"
--------H-0A---------------------------------
INT 0A C - IRQ2 - Tandy 1000-series HARD DISK
Notes:	this interrupt may be masked by setting bit 2 on I/O port 21h
	the Tandy 1000, 1000A, and 1000HD use IRQ2 for the hard disk; the
	  1000EX, HX, RLX, RLX-HD, RLX-B, RLX-HD-B use IRQ5 instead; the
	  1000RL, RL-HD, SL, SL/2, TL, TL/2, and TL/3 are jumper-selectable
	  for either IRQ2 or IRQ5 (default IRQ5); the 1000SX and TX are
	  DIP-switch selectable for IRQ2 or IRQ5 (default IRQ2); the RSX and
	  RSX-HD use IRQ14.  Tandy systems which use IRQ2 for the hard disk
	  interrupt use IRQ5 for vertical retrace.
SeeAlso: INT 52"DESQview",INT 5A"DoubleDOS",INT 71
--------H-0A---------------------------------
INT 0A - IRQ2 - ROLAND MPU MIDI INTERFACE
Note:	newer Roland cards and MIDI interfaces by other manufacturers use
	  a jumper-selectable IRQ, but software and hardware generally defaults
	  to IRQ2
SeeAlso: INT 52"DESQview",INT 5A"DoubleDOS",INT 71,INT 7A"GO32"