amiserial.c

讲述linux的初始化过程

	if (copy_from_user(&new_serial,new_info,sizeof(new_serial)))
		return -EFAULT;
	state = info->state;
	old_state = *state;
  
	change_irq = new_serial.irq != state->irq;
	change_port = (new_serial.port != state->port);
	if(change_irq || change_port || (new_serial.xmit_fifo_size != state->xmit_fifo_size))
	  return -EINVAL;
  
	if (!serial_isroot()) {
		if ((new_serial.baud_base != state->baud_base) ||
		    (new_serial.close_delay != state->close_delay) ||
		    (new_serial.xmit_fifo_size != state->xmit_fifo_size) ||
		    ((new_serial.flags & ~ASYNC_USR_MASK) !=
		     (state->flags & ~ASYNC_USR_MASK)))
			return -EPERM;
		state->flags = ((state->flags & ~ASYNC_USR_MASK) |
			       (new_serial.flags & ASYNC_USR_MASK));
		info->flags = ((info->flags & ~ASYNC_USR_MASK) |
			       (new_serial.flags & ASYNC_USR_MASK));
		state->custom_divisor = new_serial.custom_divisor;
		goto check_and_exit;
	}

	if (new_serial.baud_base < 9600)
		return -EINVAL;

	/*
	 * OK, past this point, all the error checking has been done.
	 * At this point, we start making changes.....
	 */

	state->baud_base = new_serial.baud_base;
	state->flags = ((state->flags & ~ASYNC_FLAGS) |
			(new_serial.flags & ASYNC_FLAGS));
	info->flags = ((state->flags & ~ASYNC_INTERNAL_FLAGS) |
		       (info->flags & ASYNC_INTERNAL_FLAGS));
	state->custom_divisor = new_serial.custom_divisor;
	state->close_delay = new_serial.close_delay * HZ/100;
	state->closing_wait = new_serial.closing_wait * HZ/100;
	info->tty->low_latency = (info->flags & ASYNC_LOW_LATENCY) ? 1 : 0;

check_and_exit:
	if (info->flags & ASYNC_INITIALIZED) {
		if (((old_state.flags & ASYNC_SPD_MASK) !=
		     (state->flags & ASYNC_SPD_MASK)) ||
		    (old_state.custom_divisor != state->custom_divisor)) {
			if ((state->flags & ASYNC_SPD_MASK) == ASYNC_SPD_HI)
				info->tty->alt_speed = 57600;
			if ((state->flags & ASYNC_SPD_MASK) == ASYNC_SPD_VHI)
				info->tty->alt_speed = 115200;
			if ((state->flags & ASYNC_SPD_MASK) == ASYNC_SPD_SHI)
				info->tty->alt_speed = 230400;
			if ((state->flags & ASYNC_SPD_MASK) == ASYNC_SPD_WARP)
				info->tty->alt_speed = 460800;
			change_speed(info, 0);
		}
	} else
		retval = startup(info);
	return retval;
}


/*
 * get_lsr_info - get line status register info
 *
 * Purpose: Let user call ioctl() to get info when the UART physically
 * 	    is emptied.  On bus types like RS485, the transmitter must
 * 	    release the bus after transmitting. This must be done when
 * 	    the transmit shift register is empty, not be done when the
 * 	    transmit holding register is empty.  This functionality
 * 	    allows an RS485 driver to be written in user space. 
 */
static int get_lsr_info(struct async_struct * info, unsigned int *value)
{
	unsigned char status;
	unsigned int result;
	unsigned long flags;

	save_flags(flags); cli();
	status = custom.serdatr;
	mb();
	restore_flags(flags);
	result = ((status & SDR_TSRE) ? TIOCSER_TEMT : 0);
	if (copy_to_user(value, &result, sizeof(int)))
		return -EFAULT;
	return 0;
}


static int get_modem_info(struct async_struct * info, unsigned int *value)
{
	unsigned char control, status;
	unsigned int result;
	unsigned long flags;

	control = info->MCR;
	save_flags(flags); cli();
	status = ciab.pra;
	restore_flags(flags);
	result =  ((control & SER_RTS) ? TIOCM_RTS : 0)
		| ((control & SER_DTR) ? TIOCM_DTR : 0)
		| (!(status  & SER_DCD) ? TIOCM_CAR : 0)
		| (!(status  & SER_DSR) ? TIOCM_DSR : 0)
		| (!(status  & SER_CTS) ? TIOCM_CTS : 0);
	if (copy_to_user(value, &result, sizeof(int)))
		return -EFAULT;
	return 0;
}

static int set_modem_info(struct async_struct * info, unsigned int cmd,
			  unsigned int *value)
{
	unsigned int arg;
	unsigned long flags;

	if (copy_from_user(&arg, value, sizeof(int)))
		return -EFAULT;

	switch (cmd) {
	case TIOCMBIS: 
	        if (arg & TIOCM_RTS)
			info->MCR |= SER_RTS;
		if (arg & TIOCM_DTR)
			info->MCR |= SER_DTR;
		break;
	case TIOCMBIC:
	        if (arg & TIOCM_RTS)
			info->MCR &= ~SER_RTS;
		if (arg & TIOCM_DTR)
			info->MCR &= ~SER_DTR;
		break;
	case TIOCMSET:
		info->MCR = ((info->MCR & ~(SER_RTS | SER_DTR))
			     | ((arg & TIOCM_RTS) ? SER_RTS : 0)
			     | ((arg & TIOCM_DTR) ? SER_DTR : 0));
		break;
	default:
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	save_flags(flags); cli();
	rtsdtr_ctrl(info->MCR);
	restore_flags(flags);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * rs_break() --- routine which turns the break handling on or off
 */
static void rs_break(struct tty_struct *tty, int break_state)
{
	struct async_struct * info = (struct async_struct *)tty->driver_data;
	unsigned long flags;

	if (serial_paranoia_check(info, tty->device, "rs_break"))
		return;

	save_flags(flags); cli();
	if (break_state == -1)
	  custom.adkcon = AC_SETCLR | AC_UARTBRK;
	else
	  custom.adkcon = AC_UARTBRK;
	mb();
	restore_flags(flags);
}


static int rs_ioctl(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file * file,
		    unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
	struct async_struct * info = (struct async_struct *)tty->driver_data;
	struct async_icount cprev, cnow;	/* kernel counter temps */
	struct serial_icounter_struct icount;
	unsigned long flags;

	if (serial_paranoia_check(info, tty->device, "rs_ioctl"))
		return -ENODEV;

	if ((cmd != TIOCGSERIAL) && (cmd != TIOCSSERIAL) &&
	    (cmd != TIOCSERCONFIG) && (cmd != TIOCSERGSTRUCT) &&
	    (cmd != TIOCMIWAIT) && (cmd != TIOCGICOUNT)) {
		if (tty->flags & (1 << TTY_IO_ERROR))
		    return -EIO;
	}

	switch (cmd) {
		case TIOCMGET:
			return get_modem_info(info, (unsigned int *) arg);
		case TIOCMBIS:
		case TIOCMBIC:
		case TIOCMSET:
			return set_modem_info(info, cmd, (unsigned int *) arg);
		case TIOCGSERIAL:
			return get_serial_info(info,
					       (struct serial_struct *) arg);
		case TIOCSSERIAL:
			return set_serial_info(info,
					       (struct serial_struct *) arg);
		case TIOCSERCONFIG:
			return 0;

		case TIOCSERGETLSR: /* Get line status register */
			return get_lsr_info(info, (unsigned int *) arg);

		case TIOCSERGSTRUCT:
			if (copy_to_user((struct async_struct *) arg,
					 info, sizeof(struct async_struct)))
				return -EFAULT;
			return 0;

		/*
		 * Wait for any of the 4 modem inputs (DCD,RI,DSR,CTS) to change
		 * - mask passed in arg for lines of interest
 		 *   (use |'ed TIOCM_RNG/DSR/CD/CTS for masking)
		 * Caller should use TIOCGICOUNT to see which one it was
		 */
		case TIOCMIWAIT:
			save_flags(flags); cli();
			/* note the counters on entry */
			cprev = info->state->icount;
			restore_flags(flags);
			while (1) {
				interruptible_sleep_on(&info->delta_msr_wait);
				/* see if a signal did it */
				if (signal_pending(current))
					return -ERESTARTSYS;
				save_flags(flags); cli();
				cnow = info->state->icount; /* atomic copy */
				restore_flags(flags);
				if (cnow.rng == cprev.rng && cnow.dsr == cprev.dsr && 
				    cnow.dcd == cprev.dcd && cnow.cts == cprev.cts)
					return -EIO; /* no change => error */
				if ( ((arg & TIOCM_RNG) && (cnow.rng != cprev.rng)) ||
				     ((arg & TIOCM_DSR) && (cnow.dsr != cprev.dsr)) ||
				     ((arg & TIOCM_CD)  && (cnow.dcd != cprev.dcd)) ||
				     ((arg & TIOCM_CTS) && (cnow.cts != cprev.cts)) ) {
					return 0;
				}
				cprev = cnow;
			}
			/* NOTREACHED */

		/* 
		 * Get counter of input serial line interrupts (DCD,RI,DSR,CTS)
		 * Return: write counters to the user passed counter struct
		 * NB: both 1->0 and 0->1 transitions are counted except for
		 *     RI where only 0->1 is counted.
		 */
		case TIOCGICOUNT:
			save_flags(flags); cli();
			cnow = info->state->icount;
			restore_flags(flags);
			icount.cts = cnow.cts;
			icount.dsr = cnow.dsr;
			icount.rng = cnow.rng;
			icount.dcd = cnow.dcd;
			icount.rx = cnow.rx;
			icount.tx = cnow.tx;
			icount.frame = cnow.frame;
			icount.overrun = cnow.overrun;
			icount.parity = cnow.parity;
			icount.brk = cnow.brk;
			icount.buf_overrun = cnow.buf_overrun;

			if (copy_to_user((void *)arg, &icount, sizeof(icount)))
				return -EFAULT;
			return 0;
		case TIOCSERGWILD:
		case TIOCSERSWILD:
			/* "setserial -W" is called in Debian boot */
			printk ("TIOCSER?WILD ioctl obsolete, ignored.\n");
			return 0;

		default:
			return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
		}
	return 0;
}

static void rs_set_termios(struct tty_struct *tty, struct termios *old_termios)
{
	struct async_struct *info = (struct async_struct *)tty->driver_data;
	unsigned long flags;
	unsigned int cflag = tty->termios->c_cflag;

	if (   (cflag == old_termios->c_cflag)
	    && (   RELEVANT_IFLAG(tty->termios->c_iflag) 
		== RELEVANT_IFLAG(old_termios->c_iflag)))
	  return;

	change_speed(info, old_termios);

	/* Handle transition to B0 status */
	if ((old_termios->c_cflag & CBAUD) &&
	    !(cflag & CBAUD)) {
		info->MCR &= ~(SER_DTR|SER_RTS);
		save_flags(flags); cli();
		rtsdtr_ctrl(info->MCR);
		restore_flags(flags);
	}

	/* Handle transition away from B0 status */
	if (!(old_termios->c_cflag & CBAUD) &&
	    (cflag & CBAUD)) {
		info->MCR |= SER_DTR;
		if (!(tty->termios->c_cflag & CRTSCTS) || 
		    !test_bit(TTY_THROTTLED, &tty->flags)) {
			info->MCR |= SER_RTS;
		}
		save_flags(flags); cli();
		rtsdtr_ctrl(info->MCR);
		restore_flags(flags);
	}

	/* Handle turning off CRTSCTS */
	if ((old_termios->c_cflag & CRTSCTS) &&
	    !(tty->termios->c_cflag & CRTSCTS)) {
		tty->hw_stopped = 0;
		rs_start(tty);
	}

#if 0
	/*
	 * No need to wake up processes in open wait, since they
	 * sample the CLOCAL flag once, and don't recheck it.
	 * XXX  It's not clear whether the current behavior is correct
	 * or not.  Hence, this may change.....
	 */
	if (!(old_termios->c_cflag & CLOCAL) &&
	    (tty->termios->c_cflag & CLOCAL))
		wake_up_interruptible(&info->open_wait);
#endif
}

/*
 * ------------------------------------------------------------
 * rs_close()
 * 
 * This routine is called when the serial port gets closed.  First, we
 * wait for the last remaining data to be sent.  Then, we unlink its
 * async structure from the interrupt chain if necessary, and we free
 * that IRQ if nothing is left in the chain.
 * ------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static void rs_close(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file * filp)
{
	struct async_struct * info = (struct async_struct *)tty->driver_data;
	struct serial_state *state;
	unsigned long flags;

	if (!info || serial_paranoia_check(info, tty->device, "rs_close"))
		return;

	state = info->state;

	save_flags(flags); cli();

	if (tty_hung_up_p(filp)) {
		DBG_CNT("before DEC-hung");
		MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
		restore_flags(flags);
		return;
	}

#ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG_OPEN
	printk("rs_close ttys%d, count = %d\n", info->line, state->count);
#endif
	if ((tty->count == 1) && (state->count != 1)) {
		/*
		 * Uh, oh.  tty->count is 1, which means that the tty
		 * structure will be freed.  state->count should always
		 * be one in these conditions.  If it's greater than
		 * one, we've got real problems, since it means the
		 * serial port won't be shutdown.
		 */
		printk("rs_close: bad serial port count; tty->count is 1, "
		       "state->count is %d\n", state->count);
		state->count = 1;
	}
	if (--state->count < 0) {
		printk("rs_close: bad serial port count for ttys%d: %d\n",
		       info->line, state->count);
		state->count = 0;
	}
	if (state->count) {
		DBG_CNT("before DEC-2");
		MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
		restore_flags(flags);
		return;
	}
	info->flags |= ASYNC_CLOSING;
	/*
	 * Save the termios structure, since this port may have
	 * separate termios for callout and dialin.
	 */
	if (info->flags & ASYNC_NORMAL_ACTIVE)
		info->state->normal_termios = *tty->termios;
	if (info->flags & ASYNC_CALLOUT_ACTIVE)
		info->state->callout_termios = *tty->termios;
	/*
	 * Now we wait for the transmit buffer to clear; and we notify 
	 * the line discipline to only process XON/XOFF characters.
	 */
	tty->closing = 1;
	if (info->closing_wait != ASYNC_CLOSING_WAIT_NONE)
		tty_wait_until_sent(tty, info->closing_wait);
	/*
	 * At this point we stop accepting input.  To do this, we
	 * disable the receive line status interrupts, and tell the
	 * interrupt driver to stop checking the data ready bit in the
	 * line status register.
	 */
	info->read_status_mask &= ~UART_LSR_DR;
	if (info->flags & ASYNC_INITIALIZED) {
	        /* disable receive interrupts */
	        custom.intena = IF_RBF;
		mb();
		/* clear any pending receive interrupt */
		custom.intreq = IF_RBF;
		mb();

		/*
		 * Before we drop DTR, make sure the UART transmitter
		 * has completely drained; this is especially
		 * important if there is a transmit FIFO!
		 */
		rs_wait_until_sent(tty, info->timeout);
	}
	shutdown(info);
	if (tty->driver.flush_buffer)
		tty->driver.flush_buffer(tty);
	if (tty->ldisc.flush_buffer)
		tty->ldisc.flush_buffer(tty);
	tty->closing = 0;
	info->event = 0;
	info->tty = 0;
	if (info->blocked_open) {
		if (info->close_delay) {
			current->state = TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE;
			schedule_timeout(info->close_delay);
		}
		wake_up_interruptible(&info->open_wait);
	}
	info->flags &= ~(ASYNC_NORMAL_ACTIVE|ASYNC_CALLOUT_ACTIVE|
			 ASYNC_CLOSING);
	wake_up_interruptible(&info->close_wait);
	MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT;
	restore_flags(flags);
}

/*
 * rs_wait_until_sent() --- wait until the transmitter is empty
 */
static void rs_wait_until_sent(struct tty_struct *tty, int timeout)
{
	struct async_struct * info = (struct async_struct *)tty->driver_data;
	unsigned long orig_jiffies, char_time;
	int lsr;

	if (serial_paranoia_check(info, tty->device, "rs_wait_until_sent"))
		return;

	if (info->xmit_fifo_size == 0)
		return; /* Just in case.... */

	orig_jiffies = jiffies;
	/*
	 * Set the check interval to be 1/5 of the estimated time to
	 * send a single character, and make it at least 1.  The check
	 * interval should also be less than the timeout.
	 * 
	 * Note: we have to use pretty tight timings here to satisfy
	 * the NIST-PCTS.
	 */
	char_time = (info->timeout - HZ/50) / info->xmit_fifo_size;
	char_time = char_time / 5;
	if (char_time == 0)
		char_time = 1;
	if (timeout)
	  char_time = MIN(char_time, timeout);
	/*
	 * If the transmitter hasn't cleared in twice the approximate
	 * amount of time to send the entire FIFO, it probably won't
	 * ever clear.  This assumes the UART isn't doing flow
	 * control, which is currently the case.  Hence, if it ever
	 * takes longer than info->timeout, this is probably due to a
	 * UART bug of some kind.  So, we clamp the timeout parameter at
	 * 2*info->timeout.
	 */
	if (!timeout || timeout > 2*info->timeout)
		timeout = 2*info->timeout;
#ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG_RS_WAIT_UNTIL_SENT
	printk("In rs_wait_until_sent(%d) check=%lu...", timeout, char_time);
	printk("jiff=%lu...", jiffies);
#endif
	while(!((lsr = custom.serdatr) & SDR_TSRE)) {
#ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG_RS_WAIT_UNTIL_SENT
		printk("serdatr = %d (jiff=%lu)...", lsr, jiffies);
#endif
		current->state = TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE;
		schedule_timeout(char_time);
		if (signal_pending(current))
			break;
		if (timeout && time_after(jiffies, orig_jiffies + timeout))
			break;
	}
	current->state = TASK_RUNNING;
#ifdef SERIAL_DEBUG_RS_WAIT_UNTIL_SENT
	printk("lsr = %d (jiff=%lu)...done\n", lsr, jiffies);
#endif
}

/*
 * rs_hangup() --- called by tty_hangup() when a hangup is signaled.
 */
static void rs_hangup(struct tty_struct *tty)
{
	struct async_struct * info = (struct async_struct *)tty->driver_data;
	struct serial_state *state = info->state;

	if (serial_paranoia_check(info, tty->device, "rs_hangup"))
		return;

	state = info->state;

	rs_flush_buffer(tty);
	shutdown(info);
	info->event = 0;
	state->count = 0;
	info->flags &= ~(ASYNC_NORMAL_ACTIVE|ASYNC_CALLOUT_ACTIVE);
	info->tty = 0;
	wake_up_interruptible(&info->open_wait);
}

/*
 * ------------------------------------------------------------
 * rs_open() and friends
 * ------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static int block_til_ready(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file * filp,
			   struct async_struct *info)
{
#ifdef DECLARE_WAITQUEUE
	DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
#else
	struct wait_queue wait = { current, NULL };
#endif
	struct serial_state *state = info->state;
	int		retval;
	int		do_clocal = 0, extra_count = 0;
	unsigned long	flags;

	/*
	 * If the device is in the middle of being closed, then block
	 * until it's done, and then try again.
	 */
	if (tty_hung_up_p(filp) ||
	    (info->flags & ASYNC_CLOSING)) {
		if (info->flags & ASYNC_CLOSING)
			interruptible_sleep_on(&info->close_wait);
#ifdef SERIAL_DO_RESTART
		return ((info->flags & ASYNC_HUP_NOTIFY) ?
			-EAGAIN : -ERESTARTSYS);
#else
		return -EAGAIN;
#endif
	}

	/*
	 * If this is a callout device, then just make sure the normal
	 * device isn't being used.
	 */
	if (tty->driver.subtype == SERIAL_TYPE_CALLOUT) {
		if (info->flags & ASYNC_NORMAL_ACTIVE)
			return -EBUSY;
		if ((info->flags & ASYNC_CALLOUT_ACTIVE) &&
		    (info->flags & ASYNC_SESSION_LOCKOUT) &&
		    (info->session != current->session))
		    return -EBUSY;
		if ((info->flags & ASYNC_CALLOUT_ACTIVE) &&
		    (info->flags & ASYNC_PGRP_LOCKOUT) &&
		    (info->pgrp != current->pgrp))
		    return -EBUSY;
		info->flags |= ASYNC_CALLOUT_ACTIVE;
		return 0;
	}

	/*