head.s

讲述linux的初始化过程

 */
	. = 0x1100
DataLoadTLBMiss:
	MOL_HOOK_TLBMISS( 15 )
/*
 * r0:	stored ctr
 * r1:	linux style pte ( later becomes ppc hardware pte )
 * r2:	ptr to linux-style pte
 * r3:	scratch
 */
	mfctr	r0
	/* Get PTE (linux-style) and check access */
	mfspr	r3,DMISS
	lis	r1,KERNELBASE@h		/* check if kernel address */
	cmplw	0,r3,r1
	mfspr	r2,SPRG3
	lwz	r2,PGDIR(r2)
	blt+	112f
	lis	r2,swapper_pg_dir@ha	/* if kernel address, use */
	addi	r2,r2,swapper_pg_dir@l	/* kernel page table */
112:	tophys(r2,r2)
	rlwimi	r2,r3,12,20,29		/* insert top 10 bits of address */
	lwz	r2,0(r2)		/* get pmd entry */
	rlwinm.	r2,r2,0,0,19		/* extract address of pte page */
	beq-	DataAddressInvalid	/* return if no mapping */
	tophys(r2,r2)
	rlwimi	r2,r3,22,20,29		/* insert next 10 bits of address */
	lwz	r1,0(r2)		/* get linux-style pte */
	/* setup access flags in r3 */
	mfmsr	r3
	rlwinm	r3,r3,32-13,30,30	/* MSR_PR -> _PAGE_USER */
	ori	r3,r3,1			/* set _PAGE_PRESENT bit in access */
	/* save r2 and use it as scratch for the andc. */	
	andc.	r3,r3,r1		/* check access & ~permission */
	bne-	DataAddressInvalid	/* return if access not permitted */
	ori	r1,r1,0x100		/* set _PAGE_ACCESSED in pte */
	stw	r1,0(r2)		/* update PTE (accessed bit) */
	/* Convert linux-style PTE to low word of PPC-style PTE */
	/* this computation could be done better -- Cort */
	rlwinm	r3,r1,32-9,31,31	/* _PAGE_HWWRITE -> PP lsb */
	rlwimi	r1,r1,32-1,31,31	/* _PAGE_USER -> PP (both bits now) */
	ori	r3,r3,0xe04		/* clear out reserved bits */
	andc	r1,r1,r3		/* PP=2 or 0, when _PAGE_HWWRITE */
	mtspr	RPA,r1
	mfspr	r3,DMISS
	tlbld	r3
	mfspr	r3,SRR1		/* Need to restore CR0 */
	mtcrf	0x80,r3
	rfi
DataAddressInvalid:
	mfspr	r3,SRR1
	rlwinm	r1,r3,9,6,6	/* Get load/store bit */
	addis	r1,r1,0x2000
	mtspr	DSISR,r1
	mtctr	r0		/* Restore CTR */
	andi.	r2,r3,0xFFFF	/* Clear upper bits of SRR1 */
	mtspr	SRR1,r2
	mfspr	r1,DMISS	/* Get failing address */
	rlwinm.	r2,r2,0,31,31	/* Check for little endian access */
	beq	20f		/* Jump if big endian */
	xori	r1,r1,3
20:	mtspr	DAR,r1		/* Set fault address */
	mfmsr	r0		/* Restore "normal" registers */
	xoris	r0,r0,MSR_TGPR>>16
	mtcrf	0x80,r3		/* Restore CR0 */
	sync			/* Some chip revs have problems here... */
	mtmsr	r0
	b	DataAccess
	
/*
 * Handle TLB miss for DATA Store on 603/603e
 */
	. = 0x1200
DataStoreTLBMiss:
	MOL_HOOK_TLBMISS( 16 )
/*
 * r0:	stored ctr
 * r1:	linux style pte ( later becomes ppc hardware pte )
 * r2:	ptr to linux-style pte
 * r3:	scratch
 */
	mfctr	r0
	/* Get PTE (linux-style) and check access */
	mfspr	r3,DMISS
	lis	r1,KERNELBASE@h		/* check if kernel address */
	cmplw	0,r3,r1
	mfspr	r2,SPRG3
	lwz	r2,PGDIR(r2)
	blt+	112f
	lis	r2,swapper_pg_dir@ha	/* if kernel address, use */
	addi	r2,r2,swapper_pg_dir@l	/* kernel page table */
112:	tophys(r2,r2)
	rlwimi	r2,r3,12,20,29		/* insert top 10 bits of address */
	lwz	r2,0(r2)		/* get pmd entry */
	rlwinm.	r2,r2,0,0,19		/* extract address of pte page */
	beq-	DataAddressInvalid	/* return if no mapping */
	tophys(r2,r2)
	rlwimi	r2,r3,22,20,29		/* insert next 10 bits of address */
	lwz	r1,0(r2)		/* get linux-style pte */
	/* setup access flags in r3 */
	mfmsr	r3
	rlwinm	r3,r3,32-13,30,30	/* MSR_PR -> _PAGE_USER */
	ori	r3,r3,0x5		/* _PAGE_PRESENT|_PAGE_RW */
	/* save r2 and use it as scratch for the andc. */	
	andc.	r3,r3,r1		/* check access & ~permission */
	bne-	DataAddressInvalid	/* return if access not permitted */
	ori	r1,r1,0x384		/* set _PAGE_ACCESSED|_PAGE_DIRTY|_PAGE_RW|_PAGE_HWWRITE in pte */
	stw	r1,0(r2)		/* update PTE (accessed bit) */
	/* Convert linux-style PTE to low word of PPC-style PTE */
	/* this computation could be done better -- Cort */
	rlwinm	r3,r1,32-9,31,31	/* _PAGE_HWWRITE -> PP lsb */
	rlwimi	r1,r1,32-1,31,31	/* _PAGE_USER -> PP (both bits now) */
	ori	r3,r3,0xe04		/* clear out reserved bits */
	andc	r1,r1,r3		/* PP=2 or 0, when _PAGE_HWWRITE */
	mtspr	RPA,r1
	mfspr	r3,DMISS
	tlbld	r3
	mfspr	r3,SRR1		/* Need to restore CR0 */
	mtcrf	0x80,r3
	rfi

	STD_MOL_EXCEPTION(0x1300, Trap_13, InstructionBreakpoint, 11)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1400, SMI, SMIException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1500, Trap_15, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1600, Trap_16, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1700, Trap_17, TAUException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1800, Trap_18, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1900, Trap_19, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1a00, Trap_1a, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1b00, Trap_1b, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1c00, Trap_1c, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1d00, Trap_1d, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1e00, Trap_1e, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x1f00, Trap_1f, UnknownException)
	STD_MOL_EXCEPTION(0x2000, RunMode, RunModeException, 5)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2100, Trap_21, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2200, Trap_22, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2300, Trap_23, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2400, Trap_24, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2500, Trap_25, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2600, Trap_26, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2700, Trap_27, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2800, Trap_28, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2900, Trap_29, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2a00, Trap_2a, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2b00, Trap_2b, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2c00, Trap_2c, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2d00, Trap_2d, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2e00, Trap_2e, UnknownException)
	STD_EXCEPTION(0x2f00, Trap_2f, UnknownException)

	. = 0x3000

#ifdef CONFIG_ALTIVEC
AltiVecUnavailable:
	EXCEPTION_PROLOG
	MOL_HOOK_RESTORE(12)
	bne	load_up_altivec		/* if from user, just load it up */
	li	r20,MSR_KERNEL
	bl	transfer_to_handler	/* if from kernel, take a trap */
	.long	KernelAltiVec
	.long	ret_from_except
#endif /* CONFIG_ALTIVEC */

#ifdef CONFIG_PPC64BRIDGE
DataAccess:
	EXCEPTION_PROLOG
	b	DataAccessCont
InstructionAccess:
	EXCEPTION_PROLOG
	b	InstructionAccessCont
DataSegment:
	EXCEPTION_PROLOG
	b	DataSegmentCont
InstructionSegment:
	EXCEPTION_PROLOG
	b	InstructionSegmentCont
#endif /* CONFIG_PPC64BRIDGE */

/*
 * This code finishes saving the registers to the exception frame
 * and jumps to the appropriate handler for the exception, turning
 * on address translation.
 */
	.globl	transfer_to_handler
transfer_to_handler:
	stw	r22,_NIP(r21)
	stw	r23,_MSR(r21)
	SAVE_4GPRS(8, r21)
	SAVE_8GPRS(12, r21)
	SAVE_8GPRS(24, r21)
	andi.	r23,r23,MSR_PR
	mfspr	r23,SPRG3		/* if from user, fix up THREAD.regs */
	beq	2f
	addi	r24,r1,STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD
	stw	r24,PT_REGS(r23)
#ifdef CONFIG_ALTIVEC
	mfpvr	r24			/* check if we are on a G4 */
	srwi	r24,r24,16
	cmpwi	r24,PVR_7400@h
	bne	2f
	mfspr	r22,SPRN_VRSAVE		/* if so, save vrsave register value */
	stw	r22,THREAD_VRSAVE(r23)
#endif /* CONFIG_ALTIVEC */
2:	addi	r2,r23,-THREAD		/* set r2 to current */
	tovirt(r2,r2)
	mflr	r23
	andi.	r24,r23,0x3f00		/* get vector offset */
	stw	r24,TRAP(r21)
	li	r22,RESULT
	stwcx.	r22,r22,r21		/* to clear the reservation */
	li	r22,0
	stw	r22,RESULT(r21)
	mtspr	SPRG2,r22		/* r1 is now kernel sp */
	addi	r24,r2,TASK_STRUCT_SIZE	/* check for kernel stack overflow */
	cmplw	0,r1,r2
	cmplw	1,r1,r24
	crand	1,1,4
	bgt-	stack_ovf		/* if r2 < r1 < r2+TASK_STRUCT_SIZE */
	lwz	r24,0(r23)		/* virtual address of handler */
	lwz	r23,4(r23)		/* where to go when done */
	FIX_SRR1(r20,r22)
	MOL_HOOK(6)
	mtspr	SRR0,r24
	mtspr	SRR1,r20
	mtlr	r23
	SYNC
	RFI				/* jump to handler, enable MMU */

/*
 * On kernel stack overflow, load up an initial stack pointer
 * and call StackOverflow(regs), which should not return.
 */
stack_ovf:
	addi	r3,r1,STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD
	lis	r1,init_task_union@ha
	addi	r1,r1,init_task_union@l
	addi	r1,r1,TASK_UNION_SIZE-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD
	lis	r24,StackOverflow@ha
	addi	r24,r24,StackOverflow@l
	li	r20,MSR_KERNEL
	FIX_SRR1(r20,r22)
	mtspr	SRR0,r24
	mtspr	SRR1,r20
	SYNC
	RFI

/*
 * Disable FP for the task which had the FPU previously,
 * and save its floating-point registers in its thread_struct.
 * Enables the FPU for use in the kernel on return.
 * On SMP we know the fpu is free, since we give it up every
 * switch.  -- Cort
 */
load_up_fpu:
	mfmsr	r5
	ori	r5,r5,MSR_FP
#ifdef CONFIG_PPC64BRIDGE
	clrldi	r5,r5,1			/* turn off 64-bit mode */
#endif /* CONFIG_PPC64BRIDGE */
	SYNC
	MTMSRD(r5)			/* enable use of fpu now */
	SYNC
/*
 * For SMP, we don't do lazy FPU switching because it just gets too
 * horrendously complex, especially when a task switches from one CPU
 * to another.  Instead we call giveup_fpu in switch_to.
 */
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
	lis	r6,0                    /* get __pa constant */
	tophys(r6,r6)
	addis	r3,r6,last_task_used_math@ha
	lwz	r4,last_task_used_math@l(r3)
	cmpi	0,r4,0
	beq	1f
	add	r4,r4,r6
	addi	r4,r4,THREAD	        /* want THREAD of last_task_used_math */
	SAVE_32FPRS(0, r4)
	mffs	fr0
	stfd	fr0,THREAD_FPSCR-4(r4)
	lwz	r5,PT_REGS(r4)
	add	r5,r5,r6
	lwz	r4,_MSR-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r5)
	li	r20,MSR_FP|MSR_FE0|MSR_FE1
	andc	r4,r4,r20		/* disable FP for previous task */
	stw	r4,_MSR-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r5)
1:
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
	/* enable use of FP after return */
	ori	r23,r23,MSR_FP|MSR_FE0|MSR_FE1
	mfspr	r5,SPRG3		/* current task's THREAD (phys) */
	lfd	fr0,THREAD_FPSCR-4(r5)
	mtfsf	0xff,fr0
	REST_32FPRS(0, r5)
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
	subi	r4,r5,THREAD
	sub	r4,r4,r6
	stw	r4,last_task_used_math@l(r3)
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
	/* restore registers and return */
	lwz	r3,_CCR(r21)
	lwz	r4,_LINK(r21)
	mtcrf	0xff,r3
	mtlr	r4
	REST_GPR(1, r21)
	REST_4GPRS(3, r21)
	/* we haven't used ctr or xer */
	mtspr	SRR1,r23
	mtspr	SRR0,r22
	REST_GPR(20, r21)
	REST_2GPRS(22, r21)
	lwz	r21,GPR21(r21)
	SYNC
	RFI
	
/*
 * FP unavailable trap from kernel - print a message, but let
 * the task use FP in the kernel until it returns to user mode.
 */
KernelFP:
	lwz	r3,_MSR(r1)
	ori	r3,r3,MSR_FP
	stw	r3,_MSR(r1)		/* enable use of FP after return */
	lis	r3,86f@h
	ori	r3,r3,86f@l
	mr	r4,r2			/* current */
	lwz	r5,_NIP(r1)
	bl	printk
	b	ret_from_except
86:	.string	"floating point used in kernel (task=%p, pc=%x)\n"
	.align	4

#ifdef CONFIG_ALTIVEC
/* Note that the AltiVec support is closely modeled after the FP
 * support.  Changes to one are likely to be applicable to the
 * other!  */
load_up_altivec:
/*
 * Disable AltiVec for the task which had AltiVec previously,
 * and save its AltiVec registers in its thread_struct.
 * Enables AltiVec for use in the kernel on return.
 * On SMP we know the AltiVec units are free, since we give it up every
 * switch.  -- Kumar
 */
	mfmsr	r5
	oris	r5,r5,MSR_VEC@h
	SYNC
	mtmsr	r5			/* enable use of AltiVec now */
	SYNC
/*
 * For SMP, we don't do lazy AltiVec switching because it just gets too
 * horrendously complex, especially when a task switches from one CPU
 * to another.  Instead we call giveup_altivec in switch_to.
 */
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
#ifndef CONFIG_APUS
	lis	r6,-KERNELBASE@h
#else
	lis	r6,CYBERBASEp@h
	lwz	r6,0(r6)
#endif
	addis	r3,r6,last_task_used_altivec@ha
	lwz	r4,last_task_used_altivec@l(r3)
	cmpi	0,r4,0
	beq	1f
	add	r4,r4,r6
	addi	r4,r4,THREAD	/* want THREAD of last_task_used_altivec */
	SAVE_32VR(0,r20,r4)
	MFVSCR(vr0)
	li	r20,THREAD_VSCR
	STVX(vr0,r20,r4)
	lwz	r5,PT_REGS(r4)
	add	r5,r5,r6
	lwz	r4,_MSR-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r5)
	lis	r20,MSR_VEC@h
	andc	r4,r4,r20	/* disable altivec for previous task */
	stw	r4,_MSR-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r5)
1:
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
	/* enable use of AltiVec after return */
	oris	r23,r23,MSR_VEC@h
	mfspr	r5,SPRG3		/* current task's THREAD (phys) */
	li	r20,THREAD_VSCR
	LVX(vr0,r20,r5)
	MTVSCR(vr0)
	REST_32VR(0,r20,r5)
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
	subi	r4,r5,THREAD
	sub	r4,r4,r6
	stw	r4,last_task_used_altivec@l(r3)
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
	/* restore registers and return */
	lwz	r3,_CCR(r21)
	lwz	r4,_LINK(r21)
	mtcrf	0xff,r3
	mtlr	r4
	REST_GPR(1, r21)
	REST_4GPRS(3, r21)
	/* we haven't used ctr or xer */
	mtspr	SRR1,r23
	mtspr	SRR0,r22
	REST_GPR(20, r21)
	REST_2GPRS(22, r21)
	lwz	r21,GPR21(r21)
	SYNC
	RFI

/*
 * AltiVec unavailable trap from kernel - print a message, but let
 * the task use AltiVec in the kernel until it returns to user mode.
 */
KernelAltiVec:
	lwz	r3,_MSR(r1)
	oris	r3,r3,MSR_VEC@h
	stw	r3,_MSR(r1)	/* enable use of AltiVec after return */
	lis	r3,87f@h
	ori	r3,r3,87f@l
	mr	r4,r2		/* current */
	lwz	r5,_NIP(r1)
	bl	printk
	b	ret_from_except
87:	.string	"AltiVec used in kernel  (task=%p, pc=%x)  \n"
	.align	4

/*
 * giveup_altivec(tsk)
 * Disable AltiVec for the task given as the argument,
 * and save the AltiVec registers in its thread_struct.
 * Enables AltiVec for use in the kernel on return.
 */

	.globl	giveup_altivec
giveup_altivec:
#ifdef CONFIG_MOL
	mflr	r4
	MOL_HOOK_MMU(13, r5)
	mtlr	r4
#endif
	mfmsr	r5
	oris	r5,r5,MSR_VEC@h
	SYNC
	mtmsr	r5			/* enable use of AltiVec now */
	SYNC
	cmpi	0,r3,0
	beqlr-				/* if no previous owner, done */
	addi	r3,r3,THREAD		/* want THREAD of task */
	lwz	r5,PT_REGS(r3)
	cmpi	0,r5,0
	SAVE_32VR(0, r4, r3)
	MFVSCR(vr0)
	li	r4,THREAD_VSCR
	STVX(vr0, r4, r3)
	beq	1f
	lwz	r4,_MSR-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r5)
	lis	r3,MSR_VEC@h
	andc	r4,r4,r3		/* disable AltiVec for previous task */
	stw	r4,_MSR-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r5)
1:
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
	li	r5,0
	lis	r4,last_task_used_altivec@ha
	stw	r5,last_task_used_altivec@l(r4)
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
	blr
#endif /* CONFIG_ALTIVEC */
	
/*
 * giveup_fpu(tsk)
 * Disable FP for the task given as the argument,
 * and save the floating-point registers in its thread_struct.
 * Enables the FPU for use in the kernel on return.
 */
	.globl	giveup_fpu
giveup_fpu:
#ifdef CONFIG_MOL
	mflr	r4
	MOL_HOOK_MMU(7, r5)
	mtlr	r4
#endif		
	mfmsr	r5
	ori	r5,r5,MSR_FP
	SYNC
	mtmsr	r5			/* enable use of fpu now */
	SYNC
	cmpi	0,r3,0
	beqlr-				/* if no previous owner, done */
	addi	r3,r3,THREAD	        /* want THREAD of task */
	lwz	r5,PT_REGS(r3)
	cmpi	0,r5,0
	SAVE_32FPRS(0, r3)
	mffs	fr0
	stfd	fr0,THREAD_FPSCR-4(r3)
	beq	1f
	lwz	r4,_MSR-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r5)
	li	r3,MSR_FP|MSR_FE0|MSR_FE1
	andc	r4,r4,r3		/* disable FP for previous task */
	stw	r4,_MSR-STACK_FRAME_OVERHEAD(r5)
1:
#ifndef CONFIG_SMP
	li	r5,0
	lis	r4,last_task_used_math@ha
	stw	r5,last_task_used_math@l(r4)
#endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
	blr

/*
 * This code is jumped to from the startup code to copy
 * the kernel image to physical address 0.
 */
relocate_kernel:
	addis	r9,r26,klimit@ha	/* fetch klimit */
	lwz	r25,klimit@l(r9)
	addis	r25,r25,-KERNELBASE@h
	li	r3,0			/* Destination base address */
	li	r6,0			/* Destination offset */
	li	r5,0x4000		/* # bytes of memory to copy */
	bl	copy_and_flush		/* copy the first 0x4000 bytes */
	addi	r0,r3,4f@l		/* jump to the address of 4f */
	mtctr	r0			/* in copy and do the rest. */
	bctr				/* jump to the copy */
4:	mr	r5,r25
	bl	copy_and_flush		/* copy the rest */
	b	turn_on_mmu

/*
 * Copy routine used to copy the kernel to start at physical address 0
 * and flush and invalidate the caches as needed.
 * r3 = dest addr, r4 = source addr, r5 = copy limit, r6 = start offset
 * on exit, r3, r4, r5 are unchanged, r6 is updated to be >= r5.
 */
copy_and_flush:
	addi	r5,r5,-4
	addi	r6,r6,-4
4:	li	r0,CACHELINE_WORDS
	mtctr	r0
3:	addi	r6,r6,4			/* copy a cache line */
	lwzx	r0,r6,r4
	stwx	r0,r6,r3
	bdnz	3b
	dcbst	r6,r3			/* write it to memory */
	sync
	icbi	r6,r3			/* flush the icache line */
	cmplw	0,r6,r5
	blt	4b
	isync
	addi	r5,r5,4
	addi	r6,r6,4
	blr

#ifdef CONFIG_APUS
/*
 * On APUS the physical base address of the kernel is not known at compile
 * time, which means the __pa/__va constants used are incorect. In the
 * __init section is recorded the virtual addresses of instructions using
 * these constants, so all that has to be done is fix these before
 * continuing the kernel boot.
 *
 * r4 = The physical address of the kernel base.
 */
fix_mem_constants:
	mr	r10,r4
	addis	r10,r10,-KERNELBASE@h    /* virt_to_phys constant */
	neg	r11,r10	                 /* phys_to_virt constant */

	lis	r12,__vtop_table_begin@h
	ori	r12,r12,__vtop_table_begin@l
	add	r12,r12,r10	         /* table begin phys address */
	lis	r13,__vtop_table_end@h
	ori	r13,r13,__vtop_table_end@l
	add	r13,r13,r10	         /* table end phys address */
	subi	r12,r12,4
	subi	r13,r13,4
1:	lwzu	r14,4(r12)               /* virt address of instruction */
	add     r14,r14,r10              /* phys address of instruction */
	lwz     r15,0(r14)               /* instruction, now insert top */
	rlwimi  r15,r10,16,16,31         /* half of vp const in low half */
	stw	r15,0(r14)               /* of instruction and restore. */
	dcbst	r0,r14			 /* write it to memory */
	sync
	icbi	r0,r14			 /* flush the icache line */
	cmpw	r12,r13
	bne     1b