gaf.hlp

王小平《遗传算法——理论、应用与软件实现》随书光盘

@System Menu
The GAF system menu is the primary user interface
to the system.  System menu provides sub-function
selections: File, Run, Display, Control, Adapt,
Method, Segment, Feedback, Eval, and Help. 
Use the first character of each selection or use
cursor keys (right/left) to select proper function,
or 'Enter' to select highlighted function.  When a
function is selected, a pull down menu appears to
provide further selections.  Press ESC under system
menu will bring Run function menu, except when the
system menu was ESCaped from any of the running
screen.  Refer to the System Run mode for more
information.  Press ESC in any other function menu
will return to system menu.

1: The Windows
2: About GAF System
3: System Run Modes
4: Simulation mode
5: Adapt mode
6: Change Simulation Parameters
7: Change segment and value
8: Arrange Display Windows
9: Setup adapt environment
A: Setup feedback module
B: Setup evaluation module
C: Control Genetic Algorithm
D: File menu functions
E: Function Keys

@The Windows
There are five types of system windows and four
types of display windows.  The system windows are:
menu window, hint window, adapt status window,
segment title window, and segment display window. 
The segment display window contains four types of
windows: rule text window (text window)
         trend plot window (plot window)
         combined result window (result window)
         fuzzy rule firing window (firing window).

Menu Window
  The menu window is on the top of the screen to
  provide system menu described above.  In any of the
  run mode, the menu window is closed; use ESC or F10
  to get back to system menu.

Hint Window
  The hint window is at the bottom of the screen to
  provide user hints (available keys or functions) to
  the user.  Note that in run modes the hint window
  also displays the current schedule rate.

Segment Title Window
  The segment title window (title window) shows the
  information for the selected segment, see topic
  "Change Segment and Value" for selecting a segment.
  The title window is located immediately above
  segment display window.  Where, the first line
  shows the segment ID, number of fuzzy membership
  symbols, number of input variables, and the names
  of input variables.  The second line shows the
  cycle rate of the segment, number of rules, number
  of output variables, and the names of output
  variables.

Adapt Status Window
  The adapt status window (adapt window) shows the
  status of genetic adaptation.  Adapt window only
  exists under genetic adapting mode, it is
  immediately above the title window.

Segment Display Window
  The segment display window (display window) displays
  important status and information of the selected
  segment.  The display window occupies the most part
  of the screen immediately above the hint window. 
  There are four types of sub-windows inside display
  window for showing fuzzy rules and running status:
  rule text window (text window), trend plot window
  (plot window), combined result window (result
  window), and fuzzy rule firing window (firing window). 
  The place and area of these sub-windows can be
  rearranged by the user, please see topic
  "Arrange Display Windows" for rearranging display
  windows.

Text Window
  The text window shows the rules and status of the
  rules for current selected segment.  Each rule is
  presented in a row with several columns associated
  with it.  The first column indicates whether the rule
  is disabled (marked with 'x') or fired (marked with
  '*'). The second column shows the rule number.  The
  rest of columns display the content of the rule, i.e.,
  the fuzzy membership set symbol for corresponding
  inputs and outputs.  These content columns are
  presented, in different color, with inputs first then
  the outputs as the same sequence shown in the title
  window above.  if local variables are selected the
  local variables are displayed after input variables.
  Use cursor keys to scroll up, down, right, and left
  for undisplayed contents.
  
Trend Plot Window
  The plot window draws the trend graph for all
  inputs, outputs, and selected local variables with
  time in x-axis and value in y-axis.  Each variable
  has its own sub-window, started from top to bottom,
  with the same sequence and color as in the text
  window.  See topic "Arrange Display Windows"
  for changing the frame duration.

Combined Result Window
  The result window depicts the result for selected
  output of the segment.  In the upper portion of the
  window the trapezoid result of all fired rules, rules
  generate non-zero output, are drawn.  In the lower
  portion of the window the defuzzified result
  (combined result) and the output value are
  displayed.  Multiple outputs can be selected with
  splited display area.

Rule Firing Window
  The firing window shows the fuzzy inference status
  (firing condition) of selected rules.  This feature
  along with the stepping mode, in simulation and
  check modes, is the best way to tuneup or debug the
  control system.  You'll find the selected rule's
  fuzzy sets are displayed to the left of the combined
  result.  The corresponding input value for each set
  is plotted vertically in the same window.  Note that
  each fuzzy set input has the same color as in the
  text window.  Refer to topic "Arrange Display Windows"
  for arranging display window, and "Change Segment and
  Value" for selecting rules.

0: System Menu
2: About GAF System
3: System Run Modes
4: Simulation mode
5: Adapt mode
6: Change Simulation Parameters
7: Change segment and value
8: Arrange Display Windows
9: Setup adapt environment
A: Setup feedback module
B: Setup evaluation module
C: Control Genetic Algorithm
D: File menu functions
E: Function Keys

@About GAF System
Press function key F2 to bring up the system info.
The system info shows the version, system wide limits,
and current free memory status.
  IO length (in bits)
    the supported analog IO bits
  Number of IO channels
    maximum number of IO channels supported
  Number of sets per segment
    maximum number of fuzzy input sets in a segment
  Number of rules per segment
    maximum number of rules in a segment
  Total variables per segment
    maximum number of variables (IN, OUT, and LOCAL)
    in a segment
  Number of segments
    maximum number of segments in the system
  Number of fuzzy symbols
    maximum number of fuzzy symbols in a segment
  Name length (IO & symbol)
    number of characters for names (variable name
    or symbol name)

0: System Menu
1: The Windows
3: System Run Modes
4: Simulation mode
5: Adapt mode
6: Change Simulation Parameters
7: Change segment and value
8: Arrange Display Windows
9: Setup adapt environment
A: Setup feedback module
B: Setup evaluation module
C: Control Genetic Algorithm
D: File menu functions
E: Function Keys

@System Run Modes
The Run menu provides different modes for running
GAF system.  GAF offers following five running
modes: control, monitor, check segment, simulation,
and adapt.  Also provided is to terminate (quit) the
program.  Although there are five running modes,
they can be divided into two categories: the control
(simulation) portion and the automatic adapt
portion.  While in any of the running modes, use ESC
or F10 to escape back to system menu for other
functions, then ESC again will bring you back to
original running mode.  Use Alt-Q to quit the
program.


Control Mode
  The control mode provides users for online control
  and limited user interfaces for interacting with the
  real control environment and fuzzy rule segments. 
  The output of all segments are routed through
  output channels, and the inputs are brought in
  through the input channels.

Monitor Mode
  The monitor mode provides users for online
  monitoring and analyzing the real control
  environment and fuzzy rules.  The output of all
  segments are for display only, they are NOT routed
  through output channels, but the inputs are brought
  in through the input channels.

Check Segment
  This feature allows user to examine one segment at
  a time.  Combined with other segment functions, i.e.
  preset and modify variables, user can check the
  response of the selected segment with fixed
  (constant) or manual values for inputs and local
  variables.

Simulation Mode
Adapt Mode
  See related topics.

Quit the program
  Select this option or type 'Q' to quit the program.

0: System Menu
1: The Windows
2: About GAF System
4: Simulation mode
5: Adapt mode
6: Change Simulation Parameters
7: Change segment and value
8: Arrange Display Windows
9: Setup adapt environment
A: Setup feedback module
B: Setup evaluation module
C: Control Genetic Algorithm
D: File menu functions
E: Function Keys

@Simulation Mode
The simulation mode offers user to simulate the
system with feedback segment(s) for integration
test.  The feedback can be user defined segment(s)
with FEEDBACK keyword or user provided measured
data set.  Refer to topic "Setup Feedback Module"
for details about setting up feedback.  In
simulation mode GAF automatically closes the
control and feedback loop with the same
variable names.  For example, if there
is an input variable "POS_ERR" defined in the
control segment, and it is also declared as an
output in the feedback segment.  Then GAF
automatically use the result value from the
feedback segment as the input value of the control
segment.  On initialization GAF searches through all
segments to find matches among normal (control) and
feedback segments.

For monitor, check segment, and simulation modes,
the following interactive user interfaces are
supported.
  C     : toggles on/off continuous mode
  F     : continue until the end of the plot frame
  1 ~ 9 : run 1 ~ 9 steps
  0     : run 10 steps
  + -   : increase/decrease sample rate (see below)
  enter : single step
  alt-Q : quit the program
  cursor keys to scroll up, down, right, and left of
        text window
  All other keys, while not in continuous mode, are
        treated as "Enter" for single step.

Another major feature in GAF is that you can tune
your system by trying different schedule rate
(or cycle time defined in each segment).  There are
different time modes offered by simulation mode and
check mode.  These time modes are: real time mode,
simulated time mode, sim- schedule mode, and 24
hours clock mode.  Please refer to topic "Change
Simulation Parameter" for details about these time
modes.  There is an easy way to change the
sampling rate in sim-schedule and simulated
time mode.  That is to use the '+' and '-' keys.
By press '+' or '-' key, GAF adjusts the schedule
rate or cycle time by increasing or decreasing the
amount set with the Control section.
The current sample rate value will be displayed 
in the hint window.

0: System Menu
1: The Windows
2: About GAF System
3: System Run Modes
5: Adapt mode
6: Change Simulation Parameters
7: Change segment and value
8: Arrange Display Windows
9: Setup adapt environment
A: Setup feedback module
B: Setup evaluation module
C: Control Genetic Algorithm
D: File menu functions
E: Function Keys

@Adapt mode
The genetic-adapt mode is an offline adaptation
mode.  While fuzzy logic mimics the human's imprecise
reasoning, the genetic algorithm mimics the
evolution of the nature.  The genetic algorithm uses
randomization techniques to optimize in a local
space without exhausting searching through the
state solution space.  With randomization, genetic
algorithm is also capable of escaping from local
optimum and hopping into a new better state.  GAF
uses genetic algorithm to derive proper rules and
fuzzy sets from the initial rules.  By changing,
adding, deleting rules and fuzzy membership sets of
the fuzzy system, the genetic algorithm
automatically adapts and optimizes the fuzzy
control system.

Besides the feedback segment, the adapt mode also
needs an evaluation segment for evaluating the
result of adaptation.  There are two ways to
specify evaluation segment, canned evaluation
or user defined segment.  See topic "Setup
Evaluation Module" for detail.

The evaluation process for genetic-adapt is
defined as follow.  GAF runs through all preset
cycles, which are preset conditions defined in
segments.  After each cycle the result score from
the evaluation segment (see Evaluation for defining
result) is compared against the minimum score.  If it
is below the minimum GAF stops further evaluation
of any unfinished cycles.  The final evaluation
result will be the average score of all the preset
cycles.

The creating of a new generation is described as
follow.  In order to produce a new generation GAF
picks, with weighed random, one or two out of a best
list, best generations, based on genetic algorithm
and availability in the list.  Then applies the
selected genetic algorithm to the picked item(s) to
create a new generation.

After starting adapt, GAF evaluates the selected
adapt segment and saves it on the top of the best
list.  The best list can save up to ten best
adaptations (or generations) in the order of their
performance -- the evaluation result.  GAF then
produces a new generation and evaluates this new
generation.  The evaluation result is compared with
those in the list, and the new generation will be
either inserted in the list or thrown away.  GAF
repeats this process -- creation, evaluation, and
judging the result, until reaches a pre-specified
maximum iteration or quit from the user.

User can specify the test time for preset test
cycle and number of samples should be taken for