glossary.doc

成功再现康韦的生命游戏。这是人工生命方法的缘起之作

   A Brief Illustrated Glossary of Terms in Conway's Game of Life
====================================================================
  Compiled by Al Hensel, with indispensable help from John Conway,
  Dean Hickerson, David Bell, Bill Gosper, Bob Wainwright, Noam
  Elkies, Nathan Thompson, Harold McIntosh, and Dan Hoey.
--------------------------------------------------------------------

101
 ....**......**.... (p5)
 ...*.*......*.*...
 ...*..........*...
 **.*..........*.**
 **.*.*..**..*.*.**
 ...*.*.*..*.*.*...
 ...*.*.*..*.*.*...
 **.*.*..**..*.*.**
 **.*..........*.**
 ...*..........*...
 ...*.*......*.*...
 ....**......**....

A for All
 ....**.... (p6)
 ...*..*...
 ...****...
 .*.*..*.*.
 *........*
 *........*
 .*.*..*.*.
 ...****...
 ...*..*...
 ....**....
 
acorn
 .*.....
 ...*...
 **..***

agar - any pattern that can periodically tile the Life universe,
  either as a still life or as an oscillator.

aircraft carrier
 **.. (p1)
 *..*
 ..**

airforce
 .......*...... (p7)
 ......*.*.....
 .......*......
 ..............
 .....*****....
 ....*.....*.**
 ...*.**...*.**
 ...*.*..*.*...
 **.*...**.*...
 **.*.....*....
 ....*****.....
 ..............
 ......*.......
 .....*.*......
 ......*.......

ants
 **........**...**...**...**...**...**.. (p5 wick)
 ..**.**.....**...**...**...**...**...**
 ..**...**...**...**...**...**...**...**
 **.....**.**...**...**...**...**...**..
 .....**................................
 
aVerage
 .....*..... (p5)
 ....*.*....
 .....*.....
 ...........
 ...*****...
 ..*..*..*..
 .*.**.**.*.
 .*.*...*.*.
 **.*...*.**
 *..*.*.*..*
 ..*.....*..
 ...*****...
 .....*.....

b-heptomino
 .*..
 ***.
 *.**

b-heptomino shuttle, p46 shuttle, twin bees shuttle
 .................*........... (p46)
 **...............**........**
 **................**.......**
 .................**..........
 .............................
 .............................
 .............................
 .................**..........
 ..................**.........
 .................**..........
 .................*...........
 
B track - a type of Life object in which one or more b-heptominos
  are perturbed by oscillators so as to travel in a loop.

babbling brook - an oscillator whose rotor forms a chain, with each
  cell adjacent only to its 1 or 2 neighbors in the chain.

bakery - 4 loaves:
 ....**.... (p1)
 ...*..*...
 ...*.*....
 .**.*...*.
 *..*...*.*
 *.*...*..*
 .*...*.**.
 ....*.*...
 ...*..*...
 ....**....

barber pole - a section of an oscillator or spaceship in which each
  generation of the section looks the same, except for a sideways
  shift.

barberpole - any length extension of this p2 oscillator:
 .....** (p2)
 ......*
 ...*.*.
 .......
 .*.*...
 *......
 **.....

barge
 .*.. (p1)
 *.*.
 .*.*
 ..*.

beacon
 **.. (p2)
 *...
 ...*
 ..**

beehive
 .**. (p1)
 *..*
 .**.

beehive and dock, beehive on big table
 **..** (p1)
 *....*
 .****.
 ......
 ...**.
 ..*..*
 ...**.

beehive with tail
 .*... (p1)
 *.*..
 *.*..
 .*...
 ..***
 ....*

bi-loaf, half bakery, loaf on loaf
 .*..... (p1)
 *.*....
 *..*...
 .**.*..
 ...*.*.
 ...*..*
 ....**.

biblock
 **.** (p1)
 **.**

big S, S-spiral
 ....**. (p1)
 ...*..*
 ...*.**
 **.*...
 *..*...
 .**....

billiard table - any oscillator that is built inside a stable
  border.  Examples: hertz oscillator, pressure cooker, hustler.

bipole, short barberpole - this length of the barberpole:
 **... (p2)
 *.*..
 .....
 ..*.*
 ...**

blinker
 ... (p2)
 ***
 ...

blinker ship - an object which travels while growing larger by
  leaving an increasing trail of blinkers, but which leaves no
  permanent exhaust.  Example:
 ...........*..*...............
 ..........*...................
 ..........*...*...............
 ..**......****................
 .****.........................
 **.**.........................
 .**.....**.***................
 .......*.....**.......*....***
 ......**.......*......*....*.*
 .......*.....**.......*....***
 .**.....**.***................
 **.**.........................
 .****.........................
 ..**......****................
 ..........*...*...............
 ..........*...................
 ...........*..*...............

block
 ** (p1)
 **

block and dock, block on big table
 **..** (p1)
 *....*
 .****.
 ......
 ...**.
 ...**.

block on table
 **... (p1)
 .*...
 .*.**
 **.**

blocker
 .......*.* (p8)
 ......*...
 **..*....*
 **.*..*.**
 .....**...

boat
 .*. (p1)
 *.*
 .**

boat-bit - a memory device in which a bit of information is
  represented as the presence or absence of a boat adjacent to a
  snake (or eater or beacon or ...)

boat on boat, boat-tie, bow tie, bi-boat
 .*.... (p1)
 *.*...
 .**...
 ...**.
 ...*.*
 ....*.

bookends
 **...** (p1)
 *.*.*.*
 ..*.*..
 .**.**.

boss
 .....*..... (p4)
 ....*.*....
 ....*.*....
 ...**.**...
 ..*.....*..
 .*.*.*.*.*.
 .*.*...*.*.
 **.*...*.**
 *..*.*.*..*
 ..*.....*..
 ...**.**...
 ....*.*....
 ....*.*....
 .....*.....

brain
 .**........ (c/3)
 *..*.....**
 ***...***..
 *..*.****..
 .***...*...
 .*..***....
 ...*....**.
 ...*****.*.
 ...........
 ...*****.*.
 ...*....**.
 .*..***....
 .***...*...
 *..*.****..
 ***...***..
 *..*.....**
 .**........

breeder - 1: any pattern that grows quadratically by creating
  multiple copies of a second object, each of which creates multiple
  copies of a third object.  2: Bill Gosper's original breeder.

bunnies
 *.....*.
 ..*...*.
 ..*..*.*
 .*.*....

burloaferimeter
 .....*..... (p7)
 ....*.*....
 ...*.*.*...
 ...*.*.*...
 **.*.*.*.**
 **.*....*.*
 ....****...
 ...........
 ....**.....
 ....**.....

butterfly effect, sensitive dependence on initial conditions - the
  idea that just a small change in initial conditions, such as a
  butterfly flapping its wings halfway around the world, can create
  a large difference in outcomes, such as next month's weather.

caber tosser - a gun of variable period created by bouncing a glider
  off of a receding spaceship.

caterer
 .....*.. (p3)
 ****...*
 ...*...*
 .......*
 ....*...
 .....**.

cell - the fundamental spatial unit operated on by the rules of a
  cellular automaton during one generation.

cellular automaton - a simulated universe (such as Conway's Game of
  Life) in which every point's state depends on the states of nearby
  neighbors at an earlier generation.

census - an accounting of the types of patterns that a larger
  pattern consists of.

centinal
 **................................................** (p100)
 .*................................................*.
 .*.*.....................**.....................*.*.
 ..**........*............**............**.......**..
 ...........**..........................*.*..........
 ..........**.............................*..........
 ...........**..**......................***..........
 ....................................................
 ....................................................
 ....................................................
 ...........**..**......................***..........
 ..........**.............................*..........
 ...........**..........................*.*..........
 ..**........*............**............**.......**..
 .*.*.....................**.....................*.*.
 .*................................................*.
 **................................................**

chemist
 .......*....... (p5)
 .......***.....
 ..........*....
 .....***..*..**
 ....*.*.*.*.*.*
 ....*...*.*.*..
 .**.*.*.*.*.**.
 ..*.*.*...*....
 *.*.*.*.*.*....
 **..*..***.....
 ....*..........
 .....***.......
 .......*.......

Cheshire cat - this famous pattern has been intentionally omitted
  because it is stupid and everybody hates it.

cis-mirrored R-bee
 .**. (p1)
 *..*
 ***.
 ....
 ***.
 *..*
 .**.

cis-boat with tail, down boat with tail
 ....* (p1)
 ..***
 .*...
 *.*..
 .**..
 
clock
 ..*. (p2)
 **..
 ..**
 .*..

cloverleaf, Achim's p4
 ...*.*... (p4)
 .***.***.
 *...*...*
 *.*.*.*.*
 .*******.
 .........
 .*******.
 *.*.*.*.*
 *...*...*
 .***.***.
 ...*.*...

confused eaters
 *.......... (p4)
 ***........
 ...*.......
 ..*........
 ..*..*.....
 .....*.....
 ...*.*.....
 ...**..**..
 .......*.*.
 .........*.
 .........**

Conway's Game of Life - a classic game invented by the British
  mathematician John Horton Conway in 1970.  It is one of the
  simplest cellular automata simulations ever invented, but its
  richness is surprising.  The rules are as follows:
  
  - The game is played on a 2-dimensional grid.  Each square, or
      "cell", is binary (either "on" or "off").
  - If a cell is off and has 3 neighbors (out of 8), it will become
      alive in the next clock tick.
  - If a cell is on and has 2 or 3 neighbors, it survives;
      otherwise, it dies on the next clock tick.

Cordership - a c/12 diagonally moving spaceship constructed from
  switch engines.

cross
 ..****.. (p3)
 ..*..*..
 ***..***
 *......*
 *......*
 ***..***
 ..*..*..
 ..****..

dart
 ........*. (c/3)
 .......*.*
 ......**..
 .........*
 .....*...*
 ..*..*....
 .*.*..****
 *..*......
 .*.*..****
 ..*..*....
 .....*...*
 .........*
 ......**..
 .......*.*
 ........*.

dead spark coil, JC
 **...** (p1)
 *.*.*.*
 ..*.*..
 *.*.*.*
 **...**

diamond ring
 ......*...... (p3)
 .....*.*.....
 ....*.*.*....
 ....*...*....
 ..**..*..**..
 .*....*....*.
 *.*.**.**.*.*
 .*....*....*.
 ..**..*..**..
 ....*...*....
 ....*.*.*....
 .....*.*.....
 ......*......

domino spark - a 2-bit spark, orthogonally connected, such as the
  one on the heavyweight spaceship.

double wing, moose antlers
 **.....** (p1)
 *.......*
 .***.***.
 ...*.*...
 ....*....

eater - any still life that can repair itself from some attacks.

eater, fishhook - this eater, which eats gliders and fish:
 **.. (p1)
 *.*.
 ..*.
 ..**

elevener, intentionless
 ....** (p1)
 .....*
 ..***.
 ..*...
 *.*...
 **....

familiar fours - sets of four equal things that tend to crop up.
  Examples: traffic lights, honeyfarm, blockade, fleet, bakery.

father pattern - any pattern that precedes a given pattern by
  exactly 1 generation.

fencepost - anything used to stabilize the end of a wick.

figure 8, big beacon
 ***... (p8)
 ***...
 ***...
 ...***
 ...***
 ...***

fleet - 4 ships:
 ....**.... (p1)
 ....*.*...
 .....**...
 .......**.
 **.....*.*
 *.*.....**
 .**.......
 ...**.....
 ...*.*....
 ....**....

flip-flop - any period 2 oscillator, esp. those whose second
  generation is a mirror image of the first.

flipper - any oscillator or spaceship that forms its mirror image at
  half its period.

flotilla - a group of spaceships, some of which are being supported.

fountain
 .........*......... (p4)
 ...................
 ...**.*.....*.**...
 ...*.....*.....*...
 ....**.**.**.**....
 ...................
 ......**...**......
 **...............**
 *..*...*.*.*...*..*
 .***.*********.***.
 ....*....*....*....
 ...**.........**...
 ...*...........*...
 ....*.........*....
 ...**.........**...

fourteener, 14-ner
 ....**. (p1)
 **..*.*
 *.....*
 .*****.
 ...*...

fumarole
 ...**... (p5)
 .*....*.
 .*....*.
 .*....*.
 ..*..*..
 *.*..*.*
 **....**

fuse - a way for a wick to burn from one end.

garden of eden, GOE - a pattern that has no father pattern.

generation - the smallest fundamental unit of time, during which the
  rules of a cellular automaton are applied once.

glider
 ..* (c/4)