lexicon.txt

成功再现康韦的生命游戏。这是人工生命方法的缘起之作

	....................................................
	....................................................
	....................................................
	...........**..**......................***..........
	..........**.............................*..........
	...........**..........................*.*..........
	..**........*............**............**.......**..
	.*.*.....................**.....................*.*.
	.*................................................*.
	**................................................**

:century: (stabilizes at time 103)  This is a common pattern which
   evolves into three {block}s and a {blinker}.  In June 1996 Dave
   Buckingham built a neat p246 glider {gun} using a century as the
   engine.  See also {bookend} and {diuresis}.
	..**
	***.
	.*..

:chemist: (p5)
	.......*.......
	.......***.....
	..........*....
	.....***..*..**
	....*.*.*.*.*.*
	....*...*.*.*..
	.**.*.....*.**.
	..*.*.*...*....
	*.*.*.*.*.*....
	**..*..***.....
	....*..........
	.....***.......
	.......*.......

:C-heptomino:  Name given by Conway to the following {heptomino}, a less
   common variant of the {B-heptomino}.
	.***
	***.
	.*..

:Cheshire cat:  A block {predecessor} by C. R. Tompkins that
   unaccountably appeared both in Scientific American and in
   {Winning Ways}.  See also {grin}.
	.*..*.
	.****.
	*....*
	*.**.*
	*....*
	.****.

:chicken wire:  A type of {stable} {agar} of {density} 1/2.  The
   simplist version is formed from the tile:
	**..
	..**
   But the "wires" can have length greater than two and need not
   all be the same.  For example:
	**...****.....
	..***....*****

:cigar: = {mango}

:cis-beacon on anvil: (p2)
	...**.
	....*.
	.*....
	.**...
	......
	.****.
	*....*
	.***.*
	...*.**

:cis-beacon on table: (p2)
	..**
	...*
	*...
	**..
	....
	****
	*..*

:cis-boat with tail: (p1)
	.*...
	*.*..
	**.*.
	...*.
	...**

:cis fuse with two tails: (p1)  See also {pulsar quadrant}.
	...*..
	.***..
	*...**
	.*..*.
	..*.*.
	...*..

:cis-mirrored R-bee: (p1)
	.**.**.
	*.*.*.*
	*.*.*.*
	.*...*.

:cis snake: = {canoe}

:clean:  Opposite of {dirty}.  A reaction which produces a small number
   of different products which are desired or which are easily deleted
   is said to be clean.  For example, a {puffer} which produces just one
   object per period is clean.  Clean reactions are useful because they
   can be used as building blocks in larger constructions.
     When a {fuse} is said to be clean, or to burn cleanly, this usually
   means that no debris at all is left behind.

:clock: (p2)  Found by Simon Norton, May 1970.  This is the fifth or
   sixth most common {oscillator}, being about as frequent as the
   {pentadecathlon}, but much less frequent than the {blinker}, {toad},
   {beacon} or {pulsar}.  But it's surprisingly rare considering its
   small size.
	..*.
	*.*.
	.*.*
	.*..

:clock II: (p4)  Compare with {pinwheel}.
	......**....
	......**....
	............
	....****....
	**.*....*...
	**.*..*.*...
	...*..*.*.**
	...*.*..*.**
	....****....
	............
	....**......
	....**......

:cloud of smoke: = {smoke}

:cloverleaf:  This name was given by Robert Wainwright to his p2
   oscillator {washing machine}.  But Achim Flammenkamp also gave this
   name to {Achim's p4}.

:cluster:  Any pattern in which each live cell is connected to every
   other live cell by a path that does not pass through two consecutive
   dead cells.  This sense is due to Nick Gotts, but the term has also
   been used in other senses, often imprecise.

:CNWH:  Conweh, creator of the Life universe.

:Coe ship: (c/2 ortogonally, p16)  A {puffer engine} discovered by Tim
   Coe in October 1995.
	....******
	..**.....*
	**.*.....*
	....*...*.
	......*...
	......**..
	.....****.
	.....**.**
	.......**.

:Coe's p8: (p8)  Found by Tim Coe in August 1997.
	**..........
	**..**......
	.....**.....
	....*..*....
	.......*..**
	.....*.*..**

:colorized Life:  A {cellular automaton} which is the same as Life
   except for the use of a number of different ON states ("colours").
   All ON states behave the same for the purpose of applying the Life
   rule, but additional rules are used to specify the colour of the
   resulting ON cells.  Examples are {Immigration} and {QuadLife}.

:complementary blinker: = {fore and back}

:compression: = {repeat time}

:conduit:  Any arrangement of {still life}s and/or {oscillator}s which
   move an active object to another location, perhaps also transforming
   it into a different active object at the same time, but without
   leaving any permanent debris (except perhaps gliders, or other
   spaceships) and without any of the still lifes or oscillators being
   permanently damaged.  Probably the most important conduit is the
   following remarkable one (Dave Buckingham, July 1996) in which a
   {B-heptomino} is transformed into a {Herschel} in 59 generations.
	.........**.*
	*.**......***
	**.*.......*.
	.............
	.........**..
	.........**..

:confused eaters: (p4)  Found by Dave Buckingham before 1973.
	*..........
	***........
	...*.......
	..*........
	..*..*.....
	.....*.....
	...*.*.....
	...**..**..
	.......*.*.
	.........*.
	.........**

:converter:  A {conduit} in which the input object is not of the same
   type as the output object.  This term tends to be preferred when
   either the input object or the output object is a {spaceship}.
     The following diagram shows a p8 {pi-heptomino}-to-{HWSS}
   converter.  This was originally found by Dave Buckingham in a
   larger form (using a {figure-8} instead of the {boat}).  The
   improvement shown here is by Bill Gosper (August 1996).  Dieter
   Leithner has since found (much larger) oscillators of periods 44,
   46 and 60 to replace the {Kok's galaxy}.
	.*.*..*........
	.***.*.**......
	*......*.....*.
	.*.....**...*.*
	.............**
	**.....*.......
	.*......*......
	**.*.***.......
	..*..*.*.......
	............***
	............*.*
	............*.*

:convoy:  A collection of {spaceship}s all moving in the same direction
   at the same speed.

:Corder engine: = {switch engine}

:Cordership:  Any {spaceship} based on {switch engine}s.  These
   necessarily move at a speed of c/12 diagonally with a period of 96
   (or a multiple thereof), and the first was found by Dean Hickerson
   in April 1991.  Corderships are by far the slowest spaceships yet
   constructed, although arbitrarily slow spaceships are known to exist
   (see {universal constructor}).  Hickerson's original Cordership used
   13 switch engines.  He soon reduced this to 10, and in August 1993
   to 7.  In July 1998 he reduced it to just 6, and this is shown below.
	..........................................**...................
	......................................**...*...................
	...........................***.......*......*..................
	..............................***.....*...*****................
	..............................***......*...*...................
	...............................*...........*..*................
	............................................**.......**........
	.....................................................**........
	...............................................................
	...............................................................
	...............................................................
	...............................................................
	....................***........................................
	....................***..................*.....................
	........................................*.*..................**
	....................*.**................*..*.................**
	....................*...*................**....................
	......................***......................................
	.....................................**........................
	.....................................**........................
	...............................................................
	...............................................................
	..............................*................................
	.....*.......................*.*.........................*.....
	.****.**.....***.............*.*.....................****.**...
	**.***.**....***..............*.....................**.***.**..
	.*.***.*.......**....................................*.***.*...
	..*...****....**......................................*...****.
	.....**.***..............................................**.***
	......*****.........**....................................*****
	.......*............**.....................................*...
	...............................................................
	...............................................................
	...............................................................
	...........................................*...................
	..........................................***..................
	..........................***.............*..*.................
	......................*....**.............***..................
	....................****..................***..................
	............*......**.**.................*.**.*................
	.........**....*..*.*.....................*..***...............
	....**.....**...*.........................****.**..............
	....**.......*.**...***..**................*.***...............
	.....................**..**..................***...............
	..............................................**...............
	...............................................................
	...............................................................
	.............................*.................................
	.........................****.**....*...**.***.................
	............**..........**.***.**...**...*****.................
	............**...........*.***.*....***...***..................
	..........................*...****....**.......................
	.............................**.***............................
	..............................*****............................
	...............................*...............................
	...............................................................
	...............................................................
	....................**.........................................
	....................**.........................................

:cousins: (p3)  This contains two copies of the {stillater} {rotor}.
	.....*.**....
	...***.*.*...
	*.*......*...
	**.**.**.*.**
	...*.*....*.*
	...*.*.***...
	....**.*.....

:cover:  The following {induction coil}.  See {scrubber} for an example
   of its use.
	....*
	..***
	.*...
	.*...
	**...

:covered table: = {cap}

:cow: (c p8 fuse)
	**.......**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**.....
	**....*.***..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**...**
	....**.*.................................................*.*
	....**...*************************************************..
	....**.*..................................................*.
	**....*.***..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**.
	**.......**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**..**.....

:CP pulsar: = {pulsar}

:cross: (p3)  Found by Robert Wainwright in October 1989.
	..****..
	..*..*..
	***..***
	*......*
	*......*
	***..***
	..*..*..
	..****..
   In February 1993, Hartmut Holzwart noticed that this is merely the
   smallest of an infinite family of p3 oscillators.  The next smallest
   member is shown below.
	..****.****..
	..*..*.*..*..
	***..***..***
	*...........*
	*...........*
	***.......***
	..*.......*..
	***.......***
	*...........*
	*...........*
	***..***..***
	..*..*.*..*..
	..****.****..

:crowd: (p3)  Found by Dave Buckingham in January 1973.
	...........*..
	.........***..
	.....**.*.....
	.....*...*....
	.......**.*...
	...****...*...
	*.*.....*.*.**
	**.*.*.....*.*
	...*...****...
	...*.**.......
	....*...*.....
	.....*.**.....
	..***.........
	..*...........

:crown:  The p12 part of the following p12 {oscillator}, where it is
   {hassle}d by {caterer}, a {jam} and a {HW emulator}.  This oscillator
   was found by Noam Elkies in January 1995.
	..........*...........
	..........*......*....
	...*....*...*...**....
	...**....***..........
	.........***..***..*.*
	.*..***.........*.****
	*.*.*...............**
	*..*..................
	.**........**.........
	......**.*....*.**....
	......*..........*....
	.......**......**.....
	....***..******..***..
	....*..*........*..*..
	.....**..........**...

:crucible: = {cauldron}

:cuphook: (p3)  Found by Rich Schroeppel, October 1970.  This is one of
   only three essentially different p3 {oscillator}s with only three
   cells in the {rotor}.  The others are {1-2-3} and {stillater}.

	....**...
	**.*.*...
	**.*.....
	...*.....
	...*..*..
	....**.*.
	.......*.
	.......**
   The above is the original form, but it can be made more compact:
	....**.
	...*.*.
	...*...
	**.*...
	**.*..*
	...*.**
	...*...
	..**...

:curl: = {loop}

:dart: (c/3 ortogonally, p3)  Found by David Bell, May 1992.
	.......*.......
	......*.*......
	.....*...*.....
	......***......
	...............
	....**...**....
	..*...*.*...*..
	.**...*.*...**.
	*.....*.*.....*
	.*.**.*.*.**.*.

:dead spark coil: (p1)  Compare {spark coil}.
	**...**
	*.*.*.*