📄 wap 底层技术资料.htm
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<h1 style='line-height:150%'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1<span
style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'> </span></span></span><![endif]><span
style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>引言</span><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-fareast-font-family:黑体'><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h2 style='line-height:150%'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.1<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>编写目的</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>项目说明书是</span><span lang=EN-US>WAP</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>业务模型修正项目的记录、结果及说明。</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>本文档可以用作日后进行相关研究的参考。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h2 style='line-height:150%'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.2<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>项目背景</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>长期以来，移动通信一直以话音业务为主，现在移动通信话音业务整体</span><span
lang=EN-US>ARPU</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>值呈下降趋势，运营商逐渐认识到数据业务是刺激用户更多地使用移动运营服务，并最终提高运营商</span><span
lang=EN-US>ARPU</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>值的有效手段。<span style='color:black'>单一语音业务对用户的吸引力逐渐降低，尤其难以满足新生代用户和高端商务用户对信息的需求，引入增值业务有利于增强用户吸引力，促进高端转网和新入网用户的增长。</span></span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%;
color:black;display:none;mso-hide:all'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>随着</span><span lang=EN-US>CDMA</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>以及第三代移动通信系统的逐步商用，在网络容量和速度上都有了很大的提高，移动数据业务有了突飞猛进的发展。移动通信与因特网的结合是新的发展方向，给移动通信与互联网的发展都将注入更大的活力。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:24.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>目前无线业务在中国刚刚起步，无线数据业务模型没有深入研究，当前的业务模型大部分基于有线互联网给出的参考模型，并没有对现网运行的数据进行分析。本项目则是基于联通</span><span
lang=EN-US>CDMA</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>网络运行数据对数据业务模型进行修正，由于联通数据业务用户已经超过两百万，因此本项目做出的分析具有一定的代表性，对于网络设计和系统仿真都具有指导意义。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:21.0pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0;
line-height:150%'><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:
16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<h2 style='line-height:150%'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.3<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>定义</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>【列出文档中所用到的专门术语的定义和缩写词的原文】</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span lang=EN-US>WAP:</span></b><span lang=EN-US> </span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>无线网络应用协议</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span lang=EN-US>HTTP:</span></b><span lang=EN-US> </span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>有线网络传输协议</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US>WAE:</span></b><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:15.0pt;
line-height:150%'> </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:15.0pt;line-height:
150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>无线应用层协议。</span><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:
15.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-US>WSP:</span></b><span lang=EN-US> </span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>无线会话层协议。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>WTP:</span></b><span lang=EN-GB
style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> </span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:
EN-GB'>无线传输层协议。</span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan'><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:
EN-GB'>WTLS</span></b><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>: </span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>无线安全层协议。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>WDP</span></b><span
lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>: </span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>无线传输层协议。</span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-ansi-language:
EN-GB'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span lang=EN-US>URL</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>：</span></b><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>统一资源定位器。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>会话</span></b><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>：即</span><span
lang=EN-US>Session</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>，一个用户的会话过程定义为其开始发起网络连接请求到其中断网络连接的过程。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span lang=EN-US>WAP </span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>网关（</span><span lang=EN-US>Gateway</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）</span></b><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>：</span><span lang=EN-US>WAP</span><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>网关连接有线网和无线网，并且进行协议转换。</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>服务器（</span><span lang=EN-US>Server</span></b><b
style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>）</span></b><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>：为上网用户提供内容，位于有线网。</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span lang=EN-US>WAP</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>网页主对象：</span></b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>一般为网页的文本部分，内容为</span><span
lang=EN-US>WML</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>标记语言。</span><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.5pt;mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span lang=EN-US>WAP</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>网页内置对象：</span></b><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>一般为网页的图像部分，主要是</span><span
lang=EN-US>JPG</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>和</span><span lang=EN-US>PNG</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>格式的图片。</span><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.5pt;
mso-bidi-font-size:16.0pt;line-height:150%'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>重定向：</span></b><span style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>当终端请求的内容不在其发送请求的</span><span
lang=EN-US>URL</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>地址时，由服务器返回其请求内容所在的</span><span
lang=EN-US>URL</span><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>地址，这个过程称为重定向。</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b><span lang=EN-US>ARPU<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><b><span lang=EN-US>CDMA<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:150%'><span lang=EN-US><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<h2 style='line-height:150%'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US
style='font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.4<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style='font-family:黑体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>参考文献</span><span
lang=EN-US style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></h2>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo15;
tab-stops:list 36.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>【1】<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US>3GPP2</span><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>，</span><span lang=EN-US>“1x EV-DV-Evaluation-Methodology-Addendum-V6.doc”,
available at http://www.3gpp2.org</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo15;
tab-stops:list 36.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>【2】<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US>Peter Stuckmann, Henrik Finck,
Thomas Bahls, “A WAP Traffic Model and its Appliance for the Performance
Analysis of WAP over GPRS”, In <em><span style='font-style:normal'>Proc. of the
IEEE International Conference on Third Generation Wireless and Beyond
(3Gwireless '01)</span></em>, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">San
Francisco</st1:City>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">USA</st1:country-region></st1:place>,
June 2001</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo15;
tab-stops:list 36.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>【3】<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US>Irene C.Y. Ma and James Irvine,
“Characteristics of WAP Traffic”, </span><span lang=EN-GB style='mso-bidi-font-size:
9.0pt;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'>Wireless Networks, to appear</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo15;
tab-stops:list 36.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>【4】<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US>Motorola, "HTTP Traffic
Models for 1x EV-DV Simulations", Contribution 3GPP2-C50-Eval-20010212-004.</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo15;
tab-stops:list 36.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>【5】<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US>Xinan Zhou, M.Sc, “Cellular
Data Traffic: Analysis, Models, and Scenarios”,</span><span lang=EN-GB
style='mso-bidi-font-size:9.0pt;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt;mso-ansi-language:
EN-GB;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'> MASc. thesis, School of Computer Science
Carleton University, <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Ottawa</st1:City>,
<st1:State w:st="on">Ontario</st1:State></st1:place>, June 2000</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo15;
tab-stops:list 36.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>【6】<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'>Wang
Yu, Zhu Chun-mei, Wu Wei-ling, <strong><span style='color:black'>“</span></strong></span><strong><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;color:black;font-weight:normal'>Traffic
model of WAP over GPRS,</span></strong><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'> Communication Technology Proceedings, 2003</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo15;
tab-stops:list 36.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
宋体'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>【7】<span style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>
</span></span></span><![endif]><span lang=EN-US>“Quantile-Quantile Plot”,
available at http://www.itl.nist.gov</span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:21.0pt;text-indent:-21.0pt;mso-list:l23 level1 lfo15;
tab-stops:list 36.0pt'><![if !supportLists]><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-family:
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