persistentcollection.java

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//$Id: PersistentCollection.java,v 1.20.2.18 2004/02/04 01:44:42 oneovthafew Exp $
package net.sf.hibernate.collection;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.ListIterator;

import net.sf.hibernate.AssertionFailure;
import net.sf.hibernate.HibernateException;
import net.sf.hibernate.LazyInitializationException;
import net.sf.hibernate.engine.CollectionSnapshot;
import net.sf.hibernate.engine.SessionImplementor;
import net.sf.hibernate.type.Type;
import net.sf.hibernate.util.EmptyIterator;

import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;

/**
 * Persistent collections are treated as value objects by Hibernate.
 * ie. they have no independent existence beyond the object holding
 * a reference to them. Unlike instances of entity classes, they are
 * automatically deleted when unreferenced and automatically become
 * persistent when held by a persistent object. Collections can be
 * passed between different objects (change "roles") and this might
 * cause their elements to move from one database table to another.<br>
 * <br>
 * Hibernate "wraps" a java collection in an instance of
 * PersistentCollection. This mechanism is designed to support
 * tracking of changes to the collection's persistent state and
 * lazy instantiation of collection elements. The downside is that
 * only certain abstract collection types are supported and any
 * extra semantics are lost<br>
 * <br>
 * Applications should <em>never</em> use classes in this package 
 * directly, unless extending the "framework" here.<br>
 * <br>
 * Changes to <em>structure</em> of the collection are recorded by the
 * collection calling back to the session. Changes to mutable
 * elements (ie. composite elements) are discovered by cloning their
 * state when the collection is initialized and comparing at flush
 * time.
 * 
 * @author Gavin King
 */

public abstract class PersistentCollection implements Serializable {

	private transient SessionImplementor session;
	private boolean initialized;
	private transient List additions;	
	private CollectionSnapshot collectionSnapshot;
	private transient boolean directlyAccessible;
	private transient boolean initializing;
	
	//Careful: these methods do not initialize the collection.
	/**
	 * Is the initialized collection empty?
	 */
	public abstract boolean empty();
	/**
	 * Called by any read-only method of the collection interface
	 */
	public final void read() {
		initialize(false);
	}
	/**
	 * Is the collection currently connected to an open session?
	 */
	private final boolean isConnectedToSession() {
		return session!=null && session.isOpen();
	}
	
	/**
	 * Called by any writer method of the collection interface
	 */
	protected final void write() {
		initialize(true);
		if ( isConnectedToSession() ) {
			session.dirty(this);
		}
		else {
			collectionSnapshot.setDirty();
		}
	}
	/**
	 * Is this collection in a state that would allow us to 
	 * "queue" additions?
	 */
	private boolean isQueueAdditionEnabled() {
		return !initialized && 
			isConnectedToSession() && 
			session.isInverseCollection(this);
	}
	/**
	 * Queue an addition
	 */
	protected final boolean queueAdd(Object element) {
		if ( isQueueAdditionEnabled() ) {
			if (additions==null) additions = new ArrayList(10);
			additions.add(element);
			session.dirty(this); //needed so that we remove this collection from the JCS cache
			return true;
		}
		else {
			return false;
		}
	}
	/**
	 * Queue additions
	 */
	protected final boolean queueAddAll(Collection coll) {
		if ( isQueueAdditionEnabled() ) {
			if (additions==null) additions = new ArrayList(20);
			additions.addAll(coll);
			return true;
		}
		else {
			return false;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * After reading all existing elements from the database,
	 * add the queued elements to the underlying collection.
	 */
	public void delayedAddAll(Collection coll) {
		throw new AssertionFailure("Collection does not support delayed initialization");
	}
	
	/**
	 * After flushing, clear any "queued" additions, since the
	 * database state is now synchronized with the memory state.
	 */
	public void postFlush() {
		if (additions!=null) additions=null;
	}

	/**
	 * Not called by Hibernate, but used by non-JDK serialization,
	 * eg. SOAP libraries.
	 */
	public PersistentCollection() {} 
	
	protected PersistentCollection(SessionImplementor session) {
		this.session = session;
	}

	/**
	 * return the user-visible collection (or array) instance
	 */
	public Object getValue() {
		return this;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Called just before reading any rows from the JDBC result set
	 */
	public void beginRead() { 
		// override on some subclasses
		initializing = true;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Called after reading all rows from the JDBC result set
	 */
	public boolean endRead() { 
		//override on some subclasses
		
		setInitialized();
		//do this bit after setting initialized to true or it will recurse
		if (additions!=null) {
			delayedAddAll(additions);
			additions=null;
			return false;
		}
		else {
			return true;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Initialize the collection, if possible, wrapping any exceptions
	 * in a runtime exception
	 * @param writing currently obsolete
	 * @throws LazyInitializationException if we cannot initialize
	 */
	protected final void initialize(boolean writing) {
		if (!initialized) {
			if (initializing) throw new AssertionFailure("cannot access loading collection");
			if ( isConnectedToSession() )  {
				if ( session.isConnected() ) {
					try {
						session.initializeCollection(this, writing);
					}
					catch (Exception e) {
						LogFactory.getLog(PersistentCollection.class).error(
							"Failed to lazily initialize a collection", e
						);
						throw new LazyInitializationException("Failed to lazily initialize a collection", e);
					}
				}
				else {
					throw new LazyInitializationException("Failed to lazily initialize a collection - session is disconnected");
				}
			}
			else {
				throw new LazyInitializationException("Failed to lazily initialize a collection - no session or session was closed");
			}
		}
	}

	protected final void setInitialized() {
		this.initializing = false;
		this.initialized = true;
	}

	protected final void setDirectlyAccessible(boolean directlyAccessible) {
		this.directlyAccessible = directlyAccessible;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Could the application possibly have a direct reference to
	 * the underlying collection implementation?
	 */
	public boolean isDirectlyAccessible() {
		return directlyAccessible;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Disassociate this collection from the given session.
	 * @return true if this was currently associated with the given session
	 */
	public final boolean unsetSession(SessionImplementor currentSession) {
		if (currentSession==this.session) {
			this.session=null;
			return true;
		}
		else {
			return false;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Associate the collection with the given session.
	 * @return false if the collection was already associated with the session
	 * @throws HibernateException if the collection was already associated
	 * with another open session
	 */
	public final boolean setCurrentSession(SessionImplementor session) throws HibernateException {
		if (session==this.session) {
			return false;
		}
		else {
			if ( isConnectedToSession() ) {
				throw new HibernateException("Illegal attempt to associate a collection with two open sessions");
			}
			else {
				this.session = session;
				return true;
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Read the state of the collection from a disassembled cached value 
	 */
	public abstract void initializeFromCache(CollectionPersister persister, Serializable disassembled, Object owner) 
	throws HibernateException;
	
	/**
	 * Iterate all collection entries, during update of the database
	 */
	public abstract Iterator entries();
	
	/**
	 * Read a row from the JDBC result set
	 */
	public abstract Object readFrom(ResultSet rs, CollectionPersister role, Object owner) 
	throws HibernateException, SQLException;
	
	/**
	 * Write a row to the JDBC prepared statement
	 */
	public abstract void writeTo(PreparedStatement st, CollectionPersister role, Object entry, int i, boolean writeOrder) 
	throws HibernateException, SQLException;
	
	/**
	 * Get the index of the given collection entry
	 */
	public abstract Object getIndex(Object entry, int i);

	/**
	 * Called before any elements are read into the collection,
	 * allowing appropriate initializations to occur.
	 */
	public abstract void beforeInitialize(CollectionPersister persister);
	
	/**
	 * Does the current state exactly match the snapshot?
	 */
	public abstract boolean equalsSnapshot(Type elementType) throws HibernateException;
	/**
	 * Return a new snapshot of the current state
	 */
	protected abstract Serializable snapshot(CollectionPersister persister) throws HibernateException;
	
	/**
	 * Disassemble the collection, ready for the cache
	 */
	public abstract Serializable disassemble(CollectionPersister persister) throws HibernateException;
	
	/**
	 * Do we need to completely recreate this collection when it changes?
	 */
	public boolean needsRecreate(CollectionPersister persister) {
		return false;
	}
	/**
	 * Return a new snapshot of the current state of the collection,
	 * or null if no persister is passed
	 */
	public final Serializable getSnapshot(CollectionPersister persister) throws HibernateException {
		return (persister==null) ? null : snapshot(persister);
	}
	
	/**
	 * To be called internally by the session, forcing
	 * immediate initialization.
	 */
	public final void forceInitialization() throws HibernateException {
		if (initializing) throw new AssertionFailure("force initialize loading collection");
		if ( !session.isConnected() ) throw new HibernateException("disconnected session");
		if (!initialized) session.initializeCollection(this, false);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Does an element exist at this entry in the collection?
	 */
	public abstract boolean entryExists(Object entry, int i);  //note that i parameter is now unused (delete it?)
	/**
	 * Do we need to insert this element?
	 */
	public abstract boolean needsInserting(Object entry, int i, Type elemType) throws HibernateException;
	/**
	 * Do we need to update this element?
	 */
	public abstract boolean needsUpdating(Object entry, int i, Type elemType) throws HibernateException;
	/**
	 * Get all the elements that need deleting
	 */
	public abstract Iterator getDeletes(Type elemType) throws HibernateException;
	
	/**
	 * Is this the wrapper for the given underlying collection instance?
	 */
	public abstract boolean isWrapper(Object collection);
	
	/**
	 * Get the current snapshot from the session
	 */
	protected final Serializable getSnapshot() {
		return session.getSnapshot(this);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Is this instance initialized?
	 */
	public final boolean wasInitialized() {
		return initialized;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Does this instance have any "queued" additions?
	 */
	public final boolean hasQueuedAdditions() {
		return additions!=null;
	}
	/**
	 * Iterate the "queued" additions
	 */
	public final Iterator queuedAdditionIterator() {
		return hasQueuedAdditions() ? 
			additions.iterator() :
			EmptyIterator.INSTANCE;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Returns the collectionSnapshot.
	 * @return CollectionSnapshot
	 */
	public CollectionSnapshot getCollectionSnapshot() {