draft-ietf-dhc-dhcpv6-28.txt

DHCPv6协议在Linux操作系统下的一个客户端实现。

                                when the address is consistent with the
                                DHCP server's knowledge of the network
                                topology, prefix assignment and address
                                assignment policies.

      binding                   A binding (or, client binding) is a
                                group of server data records containing
                                the information the server has about
                                the addresses in an IA or configuration
                                information explicitly assigned to the
                                client.  Configuration information that
                                has been returned to a client through a
                                policy - for example, the information
                                returned to all clients on the same
                                link - does not require a binding.  A
                                binding containing information about



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                                an IA is indexed by the tuple <DUID,
                                IA-type, IAID> (where IA-type is the
                                type of address in the IA; for example,
                                temporary).  A binding containing
                                configuration information for a client
                                is indexed by <DUID>.

      configuration parameter   An element of the configuration
                                information set on the server and
                                delivered to the client using DHCP.
                                Such parameters may be used to carry
                                information to be used by a node to
                                configure its network subsystem and
                                enable communication on a link or
                                internetwork, for example.

      DHCP                      Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
                                for IPv6.  The terms DHCPv4 and DHCPv6
                                are used only in contexts where it is
                                necessary to avoid ambiguity.

      DHCP client (or client)   A node that initiates requests on a link
                                to obtain configuration parameters from
                                one or more DHCP servers.

      DHCP domain               A set of links managed by DHCP and
                                operated by a single administrative
                                entity.

      DHCP realm                A name used to identify the DHCP
                                administrative domain from which a DHCP
                                authentication key was selected.

      DHCP relay agent (or relay agent) A node that acts as an
                                intermediary to deliver DHCP messages
                                between clients and servers, and is on
                                the same link as the client.

      DHCP server (or server)   A node that responds to requests from
                                clients, and may or may not be on the
                                same link as the client(s).

      DUID                      A DHCP Unique IDentifier for a DHCP
                                participant; each DHCP client and server
                                has exactly one DUID. See section 9 for
                                details of the ways in which a DUID may
                                be constructed.

      Identity association (IA) A collection of addresses assigned to
                                a client.  Each IA has an associated
                                IAID. A client may have more than one
                                IA assigned to it; for example, one for
                                each of its interfaces.



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                                Each IA holds one type of address;
                                for example, an identity association
                                for temporary addresses (IA_TA) holds
                                temporary addresses (see "identity
                                association for temporary addresses").
                                Throughout this document, "IA" is used
                                to refer to an identity association
                                without identifying the type of
                                addresses in the IA.

      Identity association identifier (IAID) An identifier for an IA,
                                chosen by the client.  Each IA has an
                                IAID, which is chosen to be unique among
                                all IAIDs for IAs belonging to that
                                client.

      Identity association for non-temporary addresses (IA_NA) An IA
                                that carries assigned addresses that are
                                not temporary addresses (see "identity
                                association for temporary addresses")

      Identity association for temporary addresses (IA_TA) An IA that
                                carries temporary addresses (see RFC
                                3041 [16]).

      message                   A unit of data carried as the payload
                                of a UDP datagram, exchanged among DHCP
                                servers, relay agents and clients.

      Reconfigure key           An key supplied to a client by a server
                                used to provide security for Reconfigure
                                messages.

      relaying                  A DHCP relay agent relays DHCP messages
                                between DHCP participants.

      transaction ID            An opaque value used to match responses
                                with replies initiated either by a
                                client or server.


5. DHCP Constants

   This section describes various program and networking constants used
   by DHCP.


5.1. Multicast Addresses

   DHCP makes use of the following multicast addresses:

      All_DHCP_Relay_Agents_and_Servers (FF02::1:2) A link-scoped
                  multicast address used by a client to communicate with



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                  neighboring (i.e., on-link) relay agents and servers.
                  All servers and relay agents are members of this
                  multicast group.

      All_DHCP_Servers (FF05::1:3) A site-scoped multicast address used
                  by a relay agent to communicate with servers, either
                  because the relay agent wants to send messages to
                  all servers or because it does not know the unicast
                  addresses of the servers.  Note that in order for
                  a relay agent to use this address, it must have an
                  address of sufficient scope to be reachable by the
                  servers.  All servers within the site are members of
                  this multicast group.


5.2. UDP Ports

   Clients listen for DHCP messages on UDP port 546.  Servers and relay
   agents listen for DHCP messages on UDP port 547.


5.3. DHCP Message Types

   DHCP defines the following message types.  More detail on these
   message types can be found in sections 6 and  7.  Message types not
   listed here are reserved for future use.  The numeric encoding for
   each message type is shown in parentheses.

      SOLICIT (1)        A client sends a Solicit message to locate
                         servers.

      ADVERTISE (2)      A server sends an Advertise message to indicate
                         that it is available for DHCP service, in
                         response to a Solicit message received from a
                         client.

      REQUEST (3)        A client sends a Request message to request
                         configuration parameters, including IP
                         addresses, from a specific server.

      CONFIRM (4)        A client sends a Confirm message to any
                         available server to determine whether the
                         addresses it was assigned are still appropriate
                         to the link to which the client is connected.

      RENEW (5)          A client sends a Renew message to the server
                         that originally provided the client's addresses
                         and configuration parameters to extend the
                         lifetimes on the addresses assigned to the
                         client and to update other configuration
                         parameters.





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      REBIND (6)         A client sends a Rebind message to any
                         available server to extend the lifetimes on the
                         addresses assigned to the client and to update
                         other configuration parameters; this message is
                         sent after a client receives no response to a
                         Renew message.

      REPLY (7)          A server sends a Reply message containing
                         assigned addresses and configuration parameters
                         in response to a Solicit, Request, Renew,
                         Rebind message received from a client.  A
                         server sends a Reply message containing
                         configuration parameters in response to an
                         Information-request message.  A server sends a
                         Reply message in response to a Confirm message
                         confirming or denying that the addresses
                         assigned to the client are appropriate to the
                         link to which the client is connected.  A
                         server sends a Reply message to acknowledge
                         receipt of a Release or Decline message.

      RELEASE (8)        A client sends a Release message to the server
                         that assigned addresses to the client to
                         indicate that the client will no longer use one
                         or more of the assigned addresses.

      DECLINE (9)        A client sends a Decline message to a server to
                         indicate that the client has determined that
                         one or more addresses assigned by the server
                         are already in use on the link to which the
                         client is connected.

      RECONFIGURE (10)   A server sends a Reconfigure message to a
                         client to inform the client that the server has
                         new or updated configuration parameters, and
                         that the client is to initiate a Renew/Reply
                         or Information-request/Reply transaction with
                         the server in order to receive the updated
                         information.

      INFORMATION-REQUEST (11) A client sends an Information-request
                         message to a server to request configuration
                         parameters without the assignment of any IP
                         addresses to the client.

      RELAY-FORW (12)    A relay agent sends a Relay-forward message
                         to relay messages to servers, either directly
                         or through another relay agent.  The received
                         message, either a client message or a
                         Relay-forward message from another relay
                         agent, is encapsulated in an option in the
                         Relay-forward message.




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      RELAY-REPL (13)    A server sends a Relay-reply message to a relay
                         agent containing a message that the relay
                         agent delivers to a client.  The Relay-reply
                         message may be relayed by other relay agents
                         for delivery to the destination relay agent.
                         The server encapsulates the client message as
                         an option in the Relay-reply message, which the
                         relay agent extracts and relays to the client.


5.4. Status Codes

   DHCPv6 uses status codes to communicate the success or failure of
   operations requested in messages from clients and servers, and to
   provide additional information about the specific cause of the
   failure of a message.  The specific status codes are defined in
   section 24.4.


5.5. Transmission and Retransmission Parameters

   This section presents a table of values used to describe the message
   transmission behavior of clients and servers.

      Parameter     Default  Description
   -------------------------------------
   SOL_MAX_DELAY     1 sec   Max delay of first Solicit