fg.htm

turbo c

<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: getpixel
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 取得指定像素的颜色
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: int far getpixel(int x, int y);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;graphics.h>
<BR>#include &lt;stdlib.h>
<BR>#include &lt;stdio.h>
<BR>#include &lt;conio.h>
<BR>#include &lt;dos.h>

<P>#define PIXEL_COUNT 1000
<BR>#define DELAY_TIME&nbsp; 100&nbsp; /* in milliseconds */

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* request auto detection */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int i, x, y, color, maxx, maxy,
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; maxcolor, seed;

<P>/* initialize graphics and local variables */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; initgraph(&amp;gdriver, &amp;gmode, "");

<P>/* read result of initialization */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; errorcode = graphresult();
<BR>/* an error occurred */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; if (errorcode != grOk)
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; {
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("Graphics error: %s\n",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
grapherrormsg(errorcode));
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("Press any key to halt:");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; getch();
<BR>/* terminate with an error code */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; exit(1);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; }

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; maxx = getmaxx() + 1;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; maxy = getmaxy() + 1;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; maxcolor = getmaxcolor() + 1;

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; while (!kbhit())
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; {
<BR>/* seed the random number generator */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seed = random(32767);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; srand(seed);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0; i&lt;PIXEL_COUNT; i++)
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; x = random(maxx);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; y = random(maxy);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; color = random(maxcolor);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; putpixel(x, y, color);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; }

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; delay(DELAY_TIME);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; srand(seed);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i=0; i&lt;PIXEL_COUNT; i++)
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; {
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; x = random(maxx);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; y = random(maxy);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; color = random(maxcolor);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; if (color == getpixel匇?
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;h;(;);;; ;e;t;p;s;p;(;););;; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;e;s;e;t;
;t;o; ;s;e;g;m;e;n;t; ;o;f; ;t;h;e; ;P;S;P; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;i;n;e; ;i;s; ;l;o;c;a;t;e;d; ;a;t; ;o;f;f;s;e;t;
;0;x;8;1; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;t; ;o;f; ;P;S;P;
; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: gets
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 从流中取一字符串
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: char *gets(char *string);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;stdio.h>

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; char string[80];

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("Input a string:");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; gets(string);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("The string input was: %s\n",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; string);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: gettext
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 将文本方式屏幕上的文本拷贝到存储区
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: int gettext(int left, int top, int right, int&nbsp; bottom,
void *destin);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;conio.h>

<P>char buffer[4096];

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int i;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; clrscr();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; for (i = 0; i &lt;= 20; i++)
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("Line #%d\r\n", i);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; gettext(1, 1, 80, 25, buffer);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; gotoxy(1, 25);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("Press any key to clear screen...");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; getch();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; clrscr();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; gotoxy(1, 25);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("Press any key to restore screen...");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; getch();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; puttext(1, 1, 80, 25, buffer);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; gotoxy(1, 25);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("Press any key to quit...");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; getch();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: gettextinfo
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 取得文本模式的显示信息
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: void gettextinfo(struct text_info *inforec);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;conio.h>

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; struct text_info ti;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; gettextinfo(&amp;ti);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("window left&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %2d\r\n",ti.winleft);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("window top&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
%2d\r\n",ti.wintop);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("window right&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %2d\r\n",ti.winright);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("window bottom&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %2d\r\n",ti.winbottom);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("attribute&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
%2d\r\n",ti.attribute);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("normal attribute %2d\r\n",ti.normattr);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("current mode&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %2d\r\n",ti.currmode);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("screen height&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %2d\r\n",ti.screenheight);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("screen width&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %2d\r\n",ti.screenwidth);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("current x&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
%2d\r\n",ti.curx);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; cprintf("current y&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
%2d\r\n",ti.cury);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: gettextsettings
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 返回有关当前图形文本字体的信息
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: void far gettextsettings(struct textsettingstype far *textinfo);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;graphics.h>
<BR>#include &lt;stdlib.h>
<BR>#include &lt;stdio.h>
<BR>#include &lt;conio.h>

<P>/* the names of the fonts supported */
<BR>char *font[] = { "DEFAULT_FONT",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
"TRIPLEX_FONT",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
"SMALL_FONT",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
"SANS_SERIF_FONT",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
"GOTHIC_FONT"
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
};

<P>/* the names of the text directions supported */
<BR>char *dir[] = { "HORIZ_DIR", "VERT_DIR" };

<P>/* horizontal text justifications supported */
<BR>char *hjust[] = { "LEFT_TEXT", "CENTER_TEXT", "RIGHT_TEXT" };

<P>/* vertical text justifications supported */
<BR>char *vjust[] = { "BOTTOM_TEXT", "CENTER_TEXT", "TOP_TEXT" };

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* request auto detection */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; struct textsettingstype textinfo;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int midx, midy, ht;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; char fontstr[80], dirstr[80], sizestr[80];
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; char hjuststr[80], vjuststr[80];

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* initialize graphics and local variables */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; initgraph(&amp;gdriver, &amp;gmode, "");

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* read result of initialization */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; errorcode = graphresult();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; if (errorcode != grOk)&nbsp; /* an error occurred */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; {
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("Press any key to halt:");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; getch();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; exit(1); /* terminate with an error
code */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; }

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; midx = getmaxx() / 2;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; midy = getmaxy() / 2;

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* get information about current text settings */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; gettextsettings(&amp;textinfo);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* convert text information into strings */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; sprintf(fontstr, "%s is the text style.", font[textinfo.font]);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; sprintf(dirstr, "%s is the text direction.", dir[textinfo.direction]);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; sprintf(sizestr, "%d is the text size.", textinfo.charsize);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; sprintf(hjuststr, "%s is the horizontal justification.",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; hjust[textinfo.horiz]);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; sprintf(vjuststr, "%s is the vertical justification.",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; vjust[textinfo.vert]);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* display the information */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; ht = textheight("W");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; outtextxy(midx, midy, fontstr);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; outtextxy(midx, midy+2*ht, dirstr);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; outtextxy(midx, midy+4*ht, sizestr);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; outtextxy(midx, midy+6*ht, hjuststr);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; outtextxy(midx, midy+8*ht, vjuststr);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* clean up */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; getch();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; closegraph();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: gettime
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 取得系统时间
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: void gettime(struct time *timep);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;stdio.h>
<BR>#include&nbsp;&nbsp; &lt;dos.h>

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; struct&nbsp; time t;

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; gettime(&amp;t);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("The current time is: %2d:%02d:%02d.%02d\n",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; t.ti_hour, t.ti_min,
t.ti_sec, t.ti_hund);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: getvect
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 取得中断向量入口
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: void interrupt(*getvect(int intr_num));
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;stdio.h>
<BR>#include &lt;dos.h>

<P>void interrupt get_out(); /* interrupt prototype */

<P>void interrupt (*oldfunc)(); /* interrupt function pointer */
<BR>int looping = 1;

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp; puts("Press &lt;Shift>&lt;Prt Sc> to terminate");

<P>&nbsp; /* save the old interrupt */
<BR>&nbsp; oldfunc&nbsp; = getvect(5);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* install interrupt handler */
<BR>&nbsp; setvect(5,get_out);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* do nothing */
<BR>&nbsp; while (looping);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* restore to original interrupt routine */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; setvect(5,oldfunc);

<P>&nbsp; puts("Success");
<BR>&nbsp; return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>void interrupt get_out()
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp; looping = 0; /* change global variable to get out of loop */
<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: getverify
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 返回DOS校验标志状态
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: int getverify(void);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;stdio.h>
<BR>#include &lt;dos.h>

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; if (getverify())
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("DOS verify flag is on\n");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; else
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("DOS verify flag is off\n");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: getviewsetting
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 返回有关当前视区的信息
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: void far getviewsettings(struct viewporttype far *viewport);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;graphics.h>
<BR>#include &lt;stdlib.h>
<BR>#include &lt;stdio.h>
<BR>#include &lt;conio.h>

<P>char *clip[] = { "OFF", "ON" };

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* request auto detection */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; struct viewporttype viewinfo;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int midx, midy, ht;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; char topstr[80], botstr[80], clipstr[80];

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* initialize graphics and local variables */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; initgraph(&amp;gdriver, &amp;gmode, "");

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* read result of initialization */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; errorcode = graphresult();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; if (errorcode != grOk)&nbsp; /* an error occurred */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; {
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; printf("Press any key to halt:");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; getch();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; exit(1); /* terminate with an error
code */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; }

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; midx = getmaxx() / 2;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; midy = getmaxy() / 2;

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* get information about current viewport */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; getviewsettings(&amp;viewinfo);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* convert text information into strings */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; sprintf(topstr, "(%d, %d) is the upper left viewport corner.",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; viewinfo.left,
viewinfo.top);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; sprintf(botstr, "(%d, %d) is the lower right viewport
corner.",
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; viewinfo.right,
viewinfo.bottom);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; sprintf(clipstr, "Clipping is turned %s.", clip[viewinfo.clip]);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* display the information */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; ht = textheight("W");
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; outtextxy(midx, midy, topstr);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; outtextxy(midx, midy+2*ht, botstr);
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; outtextxy(midx, midy+4*ht, clipstr);

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* clean up */
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; getch();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; closegraph();
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; return 0;
<BR>}
<BR>&nbsp;
<BR>&nbsp;

<P>函数名: getw
<BR>功&nbsp; 能: 从流中取一整数
<BR>用&nbsp; 法: int getw(FILE *strem);
<BR>程序例:

<P>#include &lt;stdio.h>
<BR>#include &lt;stdlib.h>

<P>#define FNAME "test.$$$"

<P>int main(void)
<BR>{
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; FILE *fp;
<BR>&nbsp;&nbsp; int word;

<P>&nbsp;&nbsp; /* place