colorizing.html

一本完整的描述Unix Shell 编程的工具书的所有范例

  52 trap 'echo -en "\E[?25h"; echo -en "\E[0m"; stty echo;\
  53 tput cup 20 0; rm -fr  $HORSE_RACE_TMP_DIR'  TERM EXIT
  54 #  See the chapter on debugging for an explanation of 'trap.'
  55 
  56 # Set a unique (paranoid) name for the temp directory the script needs.
  57 HORSE_RACE_TMP_DIR=$HOME/.horserace-`date +%s`-`head -c10 /dev/urandom | md5sum | head -c30`
  58 
  59 # Create the temp directory and move right in.
  60 mkdir $HORSE_RACE_TMP_DIR
  61 cd $HORSE_RACE_TMP_DIR
  62 
  63 
  64 #  This function moves the cursor to line $1 column $2 and then prints $3.
  65 #  E.g.: "move_and_echo 5 10 linux" is equivalent to
  66 #+ "tput cup 4 9; echo linux", but with one command instead of two.
  67 #  Note: "tput cup" defines 0 0 the upper left angle of the terminal,
  68 #+ echo defines 1 1 the upper left angle of the terminal.
  69 move_and_echo() {
  70           echo -ne "\E[${1};${2}H""$3" 
  71 }
  72 
  73 # Function to generate a pseudo-random number between 1 and 9. 
  74 random_1_9 () {
  75                 head -c10 /dev/urandom | md5sum | tr -d [a-z] | tr -d 0 | cut -c1 
  76 }
  77 
  78 #  Two functions that simulate "movement," when drawing the horses. 
  79 draw_horse_one() {
  80                echo -n " "//$MOVE_HORSE//
  81 }
  82 draw_horse_two(){
  83               echo -n " "\\\\$MOVE_HORSE\\\\ 
  84 }   
  85 
  86 
  87 # Define current terminal dimension.
  88 N_COLS=`tput cols`
  89 N_LINES=`tput lines`
  90 
  91 # Need at least a 20-LINES X 80-COLUMNS terminal. Check it.
  92 if [ $N_COLS -lt 80 ] || [ $N_LINES -lt 20 ]; then
  93    echo "`basename $0` needs a 80-cols X 20-lines terminal."
  94    echo "Your terminal is ${N_COLS}-cols X ${N_LINES}-lines."
  95    exit $E_RUNERR
  96 fi
  97 
  98 
  99 # Start drawing the race field.
 100 
 101 # Need a string of 80 chars. See below.
 102 BLANK80=`seq -s "" 100 | head -c80`
 103 
 104 clear
 105 
 106 # Set foreground and background colors to white.
 107 echo -ne '\E[37;47m'
 108 
 109 # Move the cursor on the upper left angle of the terminal.
 110 tput cup 0 0 
 111 
 112 # Draw six white lines.
 113 for n in `seq 5`; do
 114       echo $BLANK80        # Use the 80 chars string to colorize the terminal.  
 115 done
 116 
 117 # Sets foreground color to black. 
 118 echo -ne '\E[30m'
 119 
 120 move_and_echo 3 1 "START  1"            
 121 move_and_echo 3 75 FINISH
 122 move_and_echo 1 5 "|"
 123 move_and_echo 1 80 "|"
 124 move_and_echo 2 5 "|"
 125 move_and_echo 2 80 "|"
 126 move_and_echo 4 5 "|  2"
 127 move_and_echo 4 80 "|"
 128 move_and_echo 5 5 "V  3"
 129 move_and_echo 5 80 "V"
 130 
 131 # Set foreground color to red. 
 132 echo -ne '\E[31m'
 133 
 134 # Some ASCII art.
 135 move_and_echo 1 8 "..@@@..@@@@@...@@@@@.@...@..@@@@..."
 136 move_and_echo 2 8 ".@...@...@.......@...@...@.@......."
 137 move_and_echo 3 8 ".@@@@@...@.......@...@@@@@.@@@@...."
 138 move_and_echo 4 8 ".@...@...@.......@...@...@.@......."
 139 move_and_echo 5 8 ".@...@...@.......@...@...@..@@@@..."
 140 move_and_echo 1 43 "@@@@...@@@...@@@@..@@@@..@@@@."
 141 move_and_echo 2 43 "@...@.@...@.@.....@.....@....."
 142 move_and_echo 3 43 "@@@@..@@@@@.@.....@@@@...@@@.."
 143 move_and_echo 4 43 "@..@..@...@.@.....@.........@."
 144 move_and_echo 5 43 "@...@.@...@..@@@@..@@@@.@@@@.."
 145 
 146 
 147 # Set foreground and background colors to green.
 148 echo -ne '\E[32;42m'
 149 
 150 # Draw  eleven green lines.
 151 tput cup 5 0
 152 for n in `seq 11`; do
 153       echo $BLANK80
 154 done
 155 
 156 # Set foreground color to black. 
 157 echo -ne '\E[30m'
 158 tput cup 5 0
 159 
 160 # Draw the fences. 
 161 echo "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\
 162 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
 163 
 164 tput cup 15 0
 165 echo "++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\
 166 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"
 167 
 168 # Set foreground and background colors to white.
 169 echo -ne '\E[37;47m'
 170 
 171 # Draw three white lines.
 172 for n in `seq 3`; do
 173       echo $BLANK80
 174 done
 175 
 176 # Set foreground color to black.
 177 echo -ne '\E[30m'
 178 
 179 # Create 9 files to stores handicaps.
 180 for n in `seq 10 7 68`; do
 181       touch $n
 182 done  
 183 
 184 # Set the first type of "horse" the script will draw.
 185 HORSE_TYPE=2
 186 
 187 #  Create position-file and odds-file for every "horse".
 188 #+ In these files, store the current position of the horse,
 189 #+ the type and the odds.
 190 for HN in `seq 9`; do
 191       touch horse_${HN}_position
 192       touch odds_${HN}
 193       echo \-1 > horse_${HN}_position
 194       echo $HORSE_TYPE >>  horse_${HN}_position
 195       # Define a random handicap for horse.
 196        HANDICAP=`random_1_9`
 197       # Check if the random_1_9 function returned a good value.
 198       while ! echo $HANDICAP | grep [1-9] &> /dev/null; do
 199                 HANDICAP=`random_1_9`
 200       done
 201       # Define last handicap position for horse. 
 202       LHP=`expr $HANDICAP \* 7 + 3`
 203       for FILE in `seq 10 7 $LHP`; do
 204             echo $HN >> $FILE
 205       done   
 206      
 207       # Calculate odds.
 208       case $HANDICAP in 
 209               1) ODDS=`echo $HANDICAP \* 0.25 + 1.25 | bc`
 210                                  echo $ODDS > odds_${HN}
 211               ;;
 212               2 | 3) ODDS=`echo $HANDICAP \* 0.40 + 1.25 | bc`
 213                                        echo $ODDS > odds_${HN}
 214               ;;
 215               4 | 5 | 6) ODDS=`echo $HANDICAP \* 0.55 + 1.25 | bc`
 216                                              echo $ODDS > odds_${HN}
 217               ;; 
 218               7 | 8) ODDS=`echo $HANDICAP \* 0.75 + 1.25 | bc`
 219                                        echo $ODDS > odds_${HN}
 220               ;; 
 221               9) ODDS=`echo $HANDICAP \* 0.90 + 1.25 | bc`
 222                                   echo $ODDS > odds_${HN}
 223       esac
 224 
 225 
 226 done
 227 
 228 
 229 # Print odds.
 230 print_odds() {
 231 tput cup 6 0
 232 echo -ne '\E[30;42m'
 233 for HN in `seq 9`; do
 234       echo "#$HN odds->" `cat odds_${HN}`
 235 done
 236 }
 237 
 238 # Draw the horses at starting line.
 239 draw_horses() {
 240 tput cup 6 0
 241 echo -ne '\E[30;42m'
 242 for HN in `seq 9`; do
 243       echo /\\$HN/\\"                               "
 244 done
 245 }
 246 
 247 print_odds
 248 
 249 echo -ne '\E[47m'
 250 # Wait for a enter key press to start the race.
 251 # The escape sequence '\E[?25l' disables the cursor.
 252 tput cup 17 0
 253 echo -e '\E[?25l'Press [enter] key to start the race...
 254 read -s
 255 
 256 #  Disable normal echoing in the terminal.
 257 #  This avoids key presses that might "contaminate" the screen
 258 #+ during the race.  
 259 stty -echo
 260 
 261 # --------------------------------------------------------
 262 # Start the race.
 263 
 264 draw_horses
 265 echo -ne '\E[37;47m'
 266 move_and_echo 18 1 $BLANK80
 267 echo -ne '\E[30m'
 268 move_and_echo 18 1 Starting...
 269 sleep 1
 270 
 271 # Set the column of the finish line.
 272 WINNING_POS=74
 273 
 274 # Define the time the race started.
 275 START_TIME=`date +%s`
 276 
 277 # COL variable needed by following "while" construct.
 278 COL=0    
 279 
 280 while [ $COL -lt $WINNING_POS ]; do
 281                    
 282           MOVE_HORSE=0     
 283           
 284           # Check if the random_1_9 function has returned a good value.
 285           while ! echo $MOVE_HORSE | grep [1-9] &> /dev/null; do
 286                 MOVE_HORSE=`random_1_9`
 287           done
 288           
 289           # Define old type and position of the "randomized horse".
 290           HORSE_TYPE=`cat  horse_${MOVE_HORSE}_position | tail -1`
 291           COL=$(expr `cat  horse_${MOVE_HORSE}_position | head -1`) 
 292           
 293           ADD_POS=1
 294           # Check if the current position is an handicap position. 
 295           if seq 10 7 68 | grep -w $COL &> /dev/null; then
 296                 if grep -w $MOVE_HORSE $COL &> /dev/null; then
 297                       ADD_POS=0
 298                       grep -v -w  $MOVE_HORSE $COL > ${COL}_new
 299                       rm -f $COL
 300                       mv -f ${COL}_new $COL
 301                       else ADD_POS=1
 302                 fi 
 303           else ADD_POS=1
 304           fi
 305           COL=`expr $COL + $ADD_POS`
 306           echo $COL >  horse_${MOVE_HORSE}_position  # Store new position.
 307                             
 308          # Choose the type of horse to draw.         
 309           case $HORSE_TYPE in 
 310                 1) HORSE_TYPE=2; DRAW_HORSE=draw_horse_two
 311                 ;;
 312                 2) HORSE_TYPE=1; DRAW_HORSE=draw_horse_one 
 313           esac       
 314           echo $HORSE_TYPE >>  horse_${MOVE_HORSE}_position # Store current type.
 315          
 316           # Set foreground color to black and background to green.
 317           echo -ne '\E[30;42m'
 318           
 319           # Move the cursor to new horse position.
 320           tput cup `expr $MOVE_HORSE + 5`  `cat  horse_${MOVE_HORSE}_position | head -1` 
 321           
 322           # Draw the horse.
 323           $DRAW_HORSE
 324            usleep $USLEEP_ARG
 325           
 326            # When all horses have gone beyond field line 15, reprint odds.          
 327            touch fieldline15
 328            if [ $COL = 15 ]; then
 329              echo $MOVE_HORSE >> fieldline15  
 330            fi
 331            if [ `wc -l fieldline15 | cut -f1 -d " "` = 9 ]; then
 332                print_odds
 333                : > fieldline15
 334            fi           
 335           
 336           # Define the leading horse.
 337           HIGHEST_POS=`cat *position | sort -n | tail -1`          
 338           
 339           # Set background color to white.
 340           echo -ne '\E[47m'
 341           tput cup 17 0
 342           echo -n Current leader: `grep -w $HIGHEST_POS *position | cut -c7`"                              "           
 343 
 344 done  
 345 
 346 # Define the time the race finished.
 347 FINISH_TIME=`date +%s`
 348 
 349 # Set background color to green and enable blinking text.
 350 echo -ne '\E[30;42m'
 351 echo -en '\E[5m'
 352 
 353 # Make the winning horse blink.
 354 tput cup `expr $MOVE_HORSE + 5` `cat  horse_${MOVE_HORSE}_position | head -1`
 355 $DRAW_HORSE
 356 
 357 # Disable blinking text.
 358 echo -en '\E[25m'
 359 
 360 # Set foreground and background color to white.
 361 echo -ne '\E[37;47m'
 362 move_and_echo 18 1 $BLANK80
 363 
 364 # Set foreground color to black.
 365 echo -ne '\E[30m'
 366 
 367 # Make winner blink.
 368 tput cup 17 0
 369 echo -e "\E[5mWINNER: $MOVE_HORSE\E[25m""  Odds: `cat odds_${MOVE_HORSE}`"\
 370 "  Race time: `expr $FINISH_TIME - $START_TIME` secs"
 371 
 372 # Restore cursor and old colors.
 373 echo -en "\E[?25h"
 374 echo -en "\E[0m"
 375 
 376 # Restore echoing.
 377 stty echo
 378 
 379 # Remove race temp directory.
 380 rm -rf $HORSE_RACE_TMP_DIR
 381 
 382 tput cup 19 0
 383 
 384&nbsp;exit 0</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR></DIV
><P
>See also <A
HREF="contributed-scripts.html#HASHEXAMPLE"
>Example A-22</A
>.</P
><DIV
CLASS="CAUTION"
><TABLE
CLASS="CAUTION"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="common/caution.png"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Caution"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>There is, however, a major problem with all
	  this. <I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>ANSI escape sequences are emphatically
	  non-portable.</I
> What works fine on some terminal
	  emulators (or the console) may work differently, or not
	  at all, on others. A <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"colorized"</SPAN
> script that
	  looks stunning on the script author's machine may produce
	  unreadable output on someone else's. This greatly compromises
	  the usefulness of <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"colorizing"</SPAN
> scripts, and
	  possibly relegates this technique to the status of a gimmick
	  or even a <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"toy"</SPAN
>.</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
>Moshe Jacobson's <B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>color</B
> utility  
	  (<A
HREF="http://runslinux.net/projects.html#color"
TARGET="_top"
>http://runslinux.net/projects.html#color</A
>)
	  considerably simplifies using ANSI escape sequences. It
	  substitutes a clean and logical syntax for the clumsy constructs
	  just discussed.</P
><P
>Henry/teikedvl has likewise created a utility (<A
HREF="http://scriptechocolor.sourceforge.net/"
TARGET="_top"
>http://scriptechocolor.sourceforge.net/</A
>) to simplify creation of colorized scripts.</P
></DIV
><H3
CLASS="FOOTNOTES"
>Notes</H3
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
CLASS="FOOTNOTES"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
WIDTH="5%"
><A
NAME="FTN.AEN15428"
HREF="colorizing.html#AEN15428"
>[1]</A
></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
WIDTH="95%"
><P
><SPAN
CLASS="ACRONYM"
>ANSI</SPAN
> is, of course, the
	     acronym for the American National Standards
	     Institute. This august body establishes and maintains
	     various technical and industrial standards.</P
></TD
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