change.log

一本完整的描述Unix Shell 编程的工具书的所有范例

    grids.
    Added two additional reader exercises to "life.sh" script.

17) In "Localization" appendix:
    Fixed quoting bug in "localized.sh" in-line example.
    Numerous other changes and bugfixes.
    (Thanks, Alfredo Pironti.)

18) In "History Commands" appendix:
    Added $HISTTIMEFORMAT variable (new to Bash, ver. 3.0 or later).
    Added link to "Advancing in the Bash Shell" site.

19) Added "Mirror Site" appendix.

20) Minor cleanups on various example scripts.



Version 3.0
Loganberry release, 10/03/04

1) In "Numerical Constants" section of "Operations and Related Topics"
   chapter:
   Fixed error in comment in "numbers.sh" script.
   (Thanks, Frank Wang.)

2) In "Operators" subsection of "Operations and Related Topics" chapter:
   Added four increment operations to "arith-ops.sh" example.
   (Thanks, Frank Wang.)


3) In "Testing and Branching" section of "Loops and Branches" chapter:
   Fixed "ex29.sh" example to account for sorting problem in some locales.
   (Thanks, Frank Wang.)

4) In "Internal Variables" section of "Variables Revisited" chapter:
   At "$!" entry, added "hanging job" example.
   (Thanks, Sylvain Fourmanoit.)
   At "$PIPESTATUS" entry, added discussion of fixes in Bash, ver. 3,
   with examples. Added discussion of "volatility" of this variable.

5) In the "Using Exec" section of "I/O Redirection" chapter:
   Added "avoid-subshell.sh" example script.
   (Thanks, Matthew Walker.)

6) In "Communications Commands" section of "External Commands" chapter:
   At "ssh" entry, added "remote.bash" example script.
   (Thank you, Michael Zick.)
   At "dig" entry:
   Added discussion of some interesting options.
   Added "is-spammer.sh" example script.
   (Thank you, Michael Zick.)
   
7) In "/proc" section of "/dev and /proc" chapter:
   Added short example of parsing /proc/bus/usb/devices
   to determine whether USB 1.1 port detected.

8) In "Complex Commands" section of "External Commands" Chapter:   
   Added comments and fixup to "ex41.sh" example
      (xargs can't handle unmatched quotes).
   Simplified "ex45.sh" example by eliminating a misleading section.
   (Thanks, Frank Wang, for both of the above.)

9) In "Arrays" chapter:
   Fixed up some comments in "array-assign.bash" example.
   (Thanks, Frank Wang.)
   Corrected comment in "stack.sh" example.

10) In "Here Documents" chapter:
    Added section for "here strings" (<<<).
    Added "prepend.sh" example.
    (Thanks, Kenny Stauffer.)

11) In "Special Characters" chapter:
    Added entry for "<<<" (here strings).

12) In "Parameter Substitution" section of "Variables Revisited" chapter:
    Fixed typo in comments of "var-match.sh" example script.
    (Thanks, bojster.)

13) In "Process Substitution" chapter:
    Added more commentary to in-line SuSE code fragment.
    (Thanks, Filip Moritz.)

14) In "Assorted Tips" section of "Miscellany" chapter:
    Fixed typo in "multiplication.sh" example.
    (Thanks, Frank Wang.)

15) In "Recursion" section of "Miscellany" chapter:
    Added note about execute permissions to "recurse.sh" example script.

16) In the "Portability Issues" section of the "Miscellany" chapter:    
    Fixed typo ("funtionality).
    (Thanks, Andreas Abraham.)

17) In "System and Administrative Commands" chapter:
    Fixed mistake in a comment in "killall, from /etc/rc.d/init.d" in-line
    example.
    (Thanks, Andrzej Stefanski.)
    At "lockfile" entry, fixed typo.
    (Thanks, bojster.)

18) In "Time/Date Commands" section of "External Commands" chapter:
    At "date" entry, dded discussion of more options.

19) In "Miscellaneous Commands" section of "External Commands" Chapter:   
    Added comment to "blot-out.sh" example script noting that it may not
    work well under a journaled filesystem.
    (Thanks, bojster.)

20) In "Colorizing Scripts" section of "Miscellany" chapter:
    Added note about "echo -ne \E[0m" being a better alternative to
    "tput sgr0."
    Added "Draw-box.sh" example.
    (Thanks, Stefano Palmeri.)

21) In "Bibliography" section:
    Added entry for Ken Burtch's "Linux Shell Scripting with Bash."

22) In "Reference Cards" appendix:
    Miscellaneous minor cleanups in tables.

23) "Bash, version 2" chapter title changed to "Bash, versions 2 and 3"
     Split chapter in sections for "Bash, version 2" and "Bash, version 3."
     List of new features in Bash, version 3 in latter section.
       * {a..z} brace expansion operator
       * ${!array[@]} operator
       * =~ Regular Expression matching operator within [[ double brackets ]]

24) In "Author's Note" section of "Endnotes" chapter:
    Added Latin epigraph.

25) In "Copyright" chapter:
    Added note exempting Public Domain scripts from the overall license
    and copyright restrictions of the document.

26) In "Contributed Scripts" appendix:
    Added Michael Zick's elegant "is_spammer.bash" script.

27) Updated "ex40.sh" and "copy-cd.sh" examples for newer versions
   of "cdrecord."

28) Changed almost all occurrences of "Unix" to "UNIX" for consistency.



Version 2.8
Elderberry release, 07/11/04

1) In the introduction:
   Added link to pdf version of the book.

2) In "Arithmetic Expansion" chapter:
   Fixed typo -- missing parenthesis -- in inline example.
   (Thank you, Thorsten Bonow.)

3) In "Special Characters" chapter:
   Added material at "Ctl-D" entry.
   Added material at "Ctl-K" entry.
   Added material at "Ctl-U" entry.
   (Thank you, Jeremy Impson.)
   Added "Ctl-V" entry.
   (Thank you, Jeremy Impson.)
   Added "Ctl-W" entry.
   (Thank you, Jeremy Impson.)
   At "-" (redirection from/to stdin or stdout) entry:
   Fixed comment in Alan Cox's example.
   (Thank you, Ken Fuchs.)

4) In "Gotchas" chapter:
   Added another alternative to Anthony Richardson's piping-loop example.
   (Thank you, Wilbert Berendsen.)

5) In "Internal Commands and Builtins" chapter:
   At "echo" entry, showed how to embed a linefeed within echoed text.
   (Thanks, Steve Parker.)
   At "read" entry, added note that "read -n" command sequence will not
   detect the ENTER (newline) key.
   (Thank you, Tony Morgan.)
   At "source" entry, rewrote introductory paragraph for additional
   clarity.
   Added "bind" entry, with a brief footnote about the readline library.
   Slight modification of discussion at "help" entry.

6) In "File and Archiving Commands" section of "External Commands" Chapter:
   At "sum, cksum, md5sum" entry, added usage examples and expanded note.

7) In "List Constructs" chapter:
   Added example snippets from Miquel van Smoorenburg's
   /etc/rc.d/init.d/single script.

8) In "/dev" section of "/dev and /proc" chapter:
   Fixed up "Downloading a URL" inline example.
   (Thanks, Mihai Maties.)
   Added "noatime" to USB flash drive installation example.

9) Cleaned up and made consistent notes about #!/bin/sh disabling extended
   Bash functionality.

10) In "Exit Codes With Special Meanings" appendix:
    Fixed footnote about out-of-range exit values.

11) In "Important System Directories" appendix:
    Added /var and /boot entries.
    Additional short notes.
    Other Minor changes.

12) In the "Sed and Awk Micro-primer" appendix:
    Corrected explanation of backslash in sed.
    (Thank you, George Cristian Birzan.)

13) In "Bibliography" section:
    Added entry for "The Linux USB subsystem."

14) Various minor changes to example scripts.





Version 2.7
Mulberry release, 04/18/04

1) In the "Starting Off With a Sha-Bang" chapter:
   Added "ex1a.sh" example as a bridge between "ex1.sh" and "ex2.sh"
   examples.
   Added a few explanatory notes.
   Minor revisions to comments in "ex1.sh" and "ex2.sh" examples.
   Added "$" to variable name in script prolog note.
   Minor revisions to "Why Shell Programming?" section. 

2) In "Special Characters" chapter:
   In in-line example at "Control-K" entry, expanded explanation of
   effect of a vertical tab.
   (Thank you, Lee Maschmeyer.)
   Minor rewording at "`" (backticks), "\" (escape), and other entries.

3) In "Quoting" chapter:
   Slight rewording of note about certain programs expanding special
   characters in a quoted string.
   Dropped word "apparently" from footnote on quoting "!" character.

4) In "/dev" section of "/dev and /proc" chapter:
   Added short explanation of Bash's treatment of /dev/tcp/host/port
   pseudo-device files.
   Added footnote defining a socket.
   Added use of /dev/sda1 in mounting a USB flash drive.
   Added examples of getting the time from a remote network
   and downloading a URL -- using /dev/tcp.
   (Thank you, Mark.)

5) In "/proc" section of "/dev and /proc" chapter:
   Added "cat /proc/apm" to list of 'proc' examples.
   Redid first parsing example.

6) In the "Portability Issues" section of the "Miscellany" chapter:    
   Added discussion of using !#/bin/sh to run scripts.
   (Thank you, Ian D. Allen.)

7) In "Assorted Tips" section of "Miscellany" chapter:
   Added redirecting stderr to stdout in "if-grep" test.
   (Thank you, Chris Martin.)
   Added tip about setting PATH and umask at beginning of script.
   (Thank you, Ian D. Allen.)

8) In "System and Administrative Commands" chapter:
   At "ifconfig" entry, added "ifconfig -a" output example.
   At "hostname" entry, added note about "domainname" and similar
   commands.
   At "netstat" entry, added screen output example.

9) In "Text Processing" section of "External Commands" Chapter:   
   Added comment (suggested modification) to "wf.sh" example.
   (Thanks, Arun Giridhar.)
   At "grep" entry, added method of searching for two different patterns,
   with usage example.

10) In "Internal Commands and Builtins" chapter:
    Expanded "ex43.sh" example.

11) In "Comparison Operators" section of "Tests" chapter:
    Changed section title.
    Added brief intro paragraph.
    At "==" entry, added note and embedded pre-existing example within it.

12) In "Regular Expressions" chapter:
    In "Brief Introduction to Regular Expression" Section:
      Added sidebar with example of testing an RE.
    In "Globbing" Section:
      Fixed typo in footnote 1.
      (Thanks (Asheesh Soni.)

13) In "Copyright" chapter:
    Added URL for French translation.

14) In "Contributed Scripts" appendix:
    Replaced "tree.sh" script with a simplified version,
    revised by Rick Boivie.

15) Added "To Do List" appendix.

16) Changed all "process id" references to "process ID" to avoid
    confusion.

17) Minor cleanups and fixups to various scripts.



Version 2.6
'SALAL' release, 03/15/04

1) In "Exit and Exit Status" chapter,
   Added comment to inline example discussing negation of a 'true' command.
   (Thanks, Kristopher Newsome.)

2) Added "Standard Command-Line Options" appendix.

3) In "Basic Commands" section of "External Commands" Chapter:   
   At 'cat' entry, added discussion of redirecting stdin as an
   alternate to 'cat.'
   Fixed a typo in "ex40.sh" example script.
   (Thanks, Thiers Botelho.)
   Updated URL in comment in "ex40.sh" example script.

4) In "Miscellaneous Commands" section of "External Commands" Chapter:   
   Added "sox" entry.
   At 'dd' entry, did some minor fixups on "blot-out.sh" example.
   At 'dd' entry, added "self-copy.sh" example.
   At 'dd' entry, converted "exercising dd" in-line example to
   an external shell script example, with some modifications.

5) In the "Starting Off With a Sha-Bang" chapter:
   Added listing of Open Group site to POSIX footnote.

6) In "System and Administrative Commands" chapter:
   At "passwd" entry: Simplified "setnew-passwd.sh" example.
   Added "setterm" entry in Terminal Commands section.

7) In "Internal Variables" section of "Variables Revisited" chapter:
   Added material at "$PIPESTATUS" entry.
   Minor changes in discussion of 'eval' entry.
   Modified "rot14.sh" example.
   Minor changes in comments in "ex44.sh" example.
   At "piping to a while-read" note, added "gendiff" code fragment.

8) In "$RANDOM" section of "Variables Revisited" chapter:
   Removed an unnecessary line from "random-test.sh" example.

9) In "Complex Commands" section of "External Commands" Chapter:   
   At "find" entry, added short in-line example of removing core dump files.
   At "xargs" entry, added paragraph about curly brackets.
   Made minor stylistic changes to "wf2.sh" example.
   Additional explanatory comments in "ex42.sh" example.
   Additional comment in "idelete.sh" example.

10) In "Time/Date Commands" section of "External Commands" chapter:
    Added a couple of words at "zdump" listing.
    Reformatted short in-line examples at "sleep" and "usleep" listings.

11) In "Communications Commands" section of "External Commands" chapter:
    At "wget" entry, added "quote-fetch" example.

12) In "Internal Commands and Builtins" chapter:
    At "eval" entry, revisions to discussion and addition
    of an in-line usage example.
    Drastically revised "ex44.sh" example.