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<H1><A name=SECTION001400000000000000000>Using Modules</A> </H1>Here's this 
chapter's typing exercise (name it cal.py)<A 
href="http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/footnode.html#foot634" 
name=tex2html3><SUP><IMG align=bottom alt=[*] border=1 
src="node14_files/footnote.png"></SUP></A>: <PRE>import calendar

year = input("Type in the year number:")
calendar.prcal(year)
</PRE>And here is part of the output I got: <PRE>Type in the year number:2001
                                  2001                                  

       January                  February                    March       
Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su      Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su      Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su
 1  2  3  4  5  6  7                1  2  3  4                1  2  3  4     
 8  9 10 11 12 13 14       5  6  7  8  9 10 11       5  6  7  8  9 10 11     
15 16 17 18 19 20 21      12 13 14 15 16 17 18      12 13 14 15 16 17 18     
22 23 24 25 26 27 28      19 20 21 22 23 24 25      19 20 21 22 23 24 25     
29 30 31                  26 27 28                  26 27 28 29 30 31
</PRE>(I skipped some of the output, but I think you get the idea.) So what does 
the program do? The first line <TT>import calendar</TT> uses a new command 
<TT>import</TT>. The command <TT>import</TT> loads a module (in this case the 
<TT>calendar</TT> module). To see the commands available in the standard modules 
either look in the library reference for python (if you downloaded it) or go to 
<TT>http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/lib.html</TT>. The calendar module is 
described in 5.9. If you look at the documentation lists a function called 
<TT>prcal</TT> that prints a calendar for a year. The line 
<TT>calendar.prcal(year)</TT> uses the function. In summary to use a module 
<TT>import</TT> it and then use module_name.function for functions in the 
module. Another way to write the program is: <PRE>from calendar import prcal

year = input("Type in the year number:")
prcal(year)
</PRE>This version imports a specific function from a module. Here is another 
program that uses the Python Library (name it something like clock.py) (press 
Ctrl and the 'c' key at the same time to kill the program): <PRE>from time import time, ctime

prev_time = ""
while(1):
    the_time = ctime(time())
    if(prev_time != the_time):
        print "The time is:",ctime(time())
        prev_time = the_time
</PRE>With some output being: <PRE>The time is: Sun Aug 20 13:40:04 2000
The time is: Sun Aug 20 13:40:05 2000
The time is: Sun Aug 20 13:40:06 2000
The time is: Sun Aug 20 13:40:07 2000
Traceback (innermost last):
  File "clock.py", line 5, in ?
    the_time = ctime(time())
KeyboardInterrupt
</PRE>The output is infinite of course so I canceled it (or the output at least 
continues until Ctrl+C is pressed). The program just does a infinite loop and 
each time checks to see if the time has changed and prints it if it has. Notice 
how multiple names after the import statement are used in the line <TT>from time 
import time, ctime</TT>. 
<P>The Python Library contains many useful functions. These functions give your 
programs more abilities and many of them can simplify programming in Python. 
<P>
<H1><A name=SECTION001410000000000000000>Exercises</A> </H1>
<P>Rewrite the high_low.py program from section <A 
href="http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/node7.html#firsthighlow">5.2</A> 
to use the last two digits of time at that moment to be the 'random' number. 
<P>
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<ADDRESS>Josh Cogliati <A 
href="mailto:jjc@honors.montana.edu">jjc@honors.montana.edu</A> 
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