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89exponential-meanexponential-mean030611NILPLOT6305260462Average Revenue# of auctions$0.010.00.080.0truetruePENS"open-auction" 1.0 0 -2064490 true"open-posted" 1.0 0 -5825686 true"sealed-auction" 1.0 0 -10899396 true"sealed-posted" 1.0 0 -13345367 true"only-posted" 1.0 0 -16777216 trueMONITOR185551309600total auction revenueauction-revenue01MONITOR7551181600total posted price revenueposted-price-revenue01TEXTBOX162287252305Auction StationTEXTBOX65475173493Posted Price StationMONITOR3184409233current winning agentswinner-info01BUTTON2205753NILsetupNIL1TOBSERVERTNILBUTTON6120121531 auctiongoNIL1TOBSERVERTNILSLIDER493108126Q-quantityQ-quantity110411NILBUTTON1252024853Repeated auctionsgoT1TOBSERVERTNILSLIDER11394254127the-posted-pricethe-posted-price501008051NILSLIDER2725640989max-waiting-costmax-waiting-cost0.1101.00.11NILSLIDER26094410127incrementincrement022.00.11NILSLIDER279306398339crazy-louiecrazy-louie05111NILSLIDER279343398376less-crazyless-crazy05011NILSLIDER279379398412money-savermoney-saver05011NILSLIDER278415398448hate-biddinghate-bidding05011NILSLIDER277451398484rational-guyrational-guy05011NILMONITOR3232409281winning bidswinning-bid-info01SLIDER1355626989R-reserve-priceR-reserve-price0201011NILCHOOSER4132102177p-a-calculationp-a-calculation"increasing" "random" "linear1" "linear2"0CHOOSER106132214177payment-planpayment-plan"uniform-price" "non-uniform-price"0SLIDER277487398520want-to-winwant-to-win05011NILPLOT414363967513% by which both differs from just posted# of auctions% difference0.010.00.00.6truetruePENS"open" 1.0 0 -13345367 true"plus50percent" 1.0 0 -16777216 true"minus50percent" 1.0 0 -16777216 true"zero" 1.0 0 -16777216 true"sealed" 1.0 0 -5825686 trueMONITOR356132408181Auct #auction-num01CHOOSER218132352177lowest-new-basislowest-new-basis"lowest-winning-bid" "reserve"0CHOOSER2611040955waiting-cost-valueswaiting-cost-values"equal" "uniform"0@#$#@#$#@WHAT IS IT?-----------This model simulates a firm running an auction at the same time as when it sells items at posted prices. It also simulates what would have happened if the auction were a (q+1)-sealed bid auction rather than an open ascending auction. The results from this simulated sealed bid auction are not reflected in the visible auction process; rather, they are shown in the graphics plot.HOW IT WORKS------------Each auction runs under the open ascending bid auction. The firm also has posted price sales going on at the same time. Depending upon the consumer's own valuation of the good (based on a variety of factors), it decides whether or not to participate in the auction or to buy at the posted price. At the end of the auction the firm determines who the winners are.At the end of the auction the model runs another simulated auction using the exact same consumers arriving at the same times and with the same valuations. This auction is the (q+1) sealed bid auction. The model determines who would have bought at the posted price, who would have bid, what they would have bid, and then who would have won the auction.HOW TO USE IT-------------Click on "setup" button before running the simulation.Click on "1 auction" button in order to run an auction. This is what you'll normally use when initially exploring the model. You cannot interrupt the running of the auction.Click on "Repeated auctions" button in order to run many auctions serially. In order to stop this process, click on the button again (just once!) and wait for the current auction to complete.Set the waiting-cost-values chooser to determine if the waiting costs for all of the consumers should be equal or chosen from a uniform distribution.Set the exponential-mean slider to set the arrival rate of consumers.Set the max-waiting-cost slider to set the maximum waiting cost for a consumer. Its waiting cost is chosen from a distribution of values.Set the R-reserve-price slider in order to set the reserve price for both auctions.Set the Q-quantity slider to determine how many items are up for auction.Set the-posted-price slider to determine the value of the posted price.Set the increment slider to determine the smallest increment by which a bid can be increased.Set the p-a-calculation chooser to determine how each consumer will calculate p(a).Set the payment-plan chooser to determine the price the auction winners will pay --- either all pay the same or each pays what he/she bid.Set the lowest-new-basis to determine how the value of the lowest acceptable new bid is calculated (when there are less than Q bidders) --- either it is based on the current lowest winning bid or it is based on the reserve price.Set the 5 sliders in the bottom middle of model page to set the relative ratio of each of the bidding strategy types.THINGS TO NOTICE----------------Watch the "Average Revenues" plot and see if you can determine if, under the current model settings, one type of auction or the other causes the firm to make more revenue from auctions or from posted price sales.THINGS TO TRY-------------This section could give some ideas of things for the user to try to do (move sliders, switches, etc.) with the model.EXTENDING THE MODEL-------------------This section could give some ideas of things to add or change in the procedures tab to make the model more complicated, detailed, accurate, etc.

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