---minority game.nlogo

来自「NETLOGO」· NLOGO 代码 · 共 1,430 行 · 第 1/3 页

end

;; view the next item in the quickstart monitor
to view-next
  set qs-item qs-item + 1
  if qs-item >= length qs-items
  [ set qs-item length qs-items - 1 ]
  set quick-start (item qs-item qs-items)
end

;; view the previous item in the quickstart monitor
to view-previous
  set qs-item qs-item - 1
  if qs-item < 0
  [ set qs-item 0 ]
  set quick-start (item qs-item qs-items)
end


;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; Code for interacting with the clients ;;
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;

;; listen for hubnet client activity
to listen-clients
  while [hubnet-message-waiting?]
  [ hubnet-fetch-message
    ifelse hubnet-enter-message?
      [ execute-create ]
      [ ifelse hubnet-exit-message?
          [ ask players with [user-id = hubnet-message-source]
              [ die ] ]
          [ if hubnet-message-tag = "0"
              [ choose-value 0 ]
            if hubnet-message-tag = "1"
              [ choose-value 1 ] ] ] ]
end

;; create a client player upon login
to execute-create
  create-custom-players 1
    [ set heading 90
      set user-id hubnet-message-source
      set size 3
      set-unique-shape-and-color
      clear-my-data ]
end

to set-unique-shape-and-color  ;; turtle procedure
  let max-possible-codes (length colors * length shape-names)
  let code random max-possible-codes
  while [member? code used-shape-colors and count turtles < max-possible-codes]
    [ set code random max-possible-codes ]
  set used-shape-colors (lput code used-shape-colors)
  set shape item (code mod length shape-names) shape-names
  set color item (code / length shape-names) colors
end

;; to tell the clients what they look like
to send-identity-to-clients  ;; player procedure
  hubnet-send user-id "You are a:" identity
end

;; report the string version of the turtle's identity (color + shape)
to-report identity  ;; turtle procedure
  report (color-string color) + " " + shape
end

;; report the string version of the turtle's color
to-report color-string [color-value]
  report item (position color-value colors) color-names
end

;; turtle/client procedure to reset the client interface
to clear-my-client  ;; player procedure
  hubnet-send user-id "Status:" "Please make your selection."
  hubnet-send user-id "Your last choice:" "N/A"
  hubnet-send user-id "The past history:" full-history player-history player-memory
  hubnet-send user-id "Total score:" "0"
  hubnet-send user-id "Success rate:" "N/A"
end

;; the client chooses 0 or 1
to choose-value [ value-chosen ]
  ask players with [user-id = hubnet-message-source]
    [ if (not chosen-sides?)
        [ set choice value-chosen
          set chosen-sides? true
          set choices-made choices-made + 1
          hubnet-send user-id "Current choice:" value-chosen
          hubnet-send user-id "Status:" "Waiting for other players..." ] ]
end


; *** NetLogo Model Copyright Notice ***
;
; This activity and associated models and materials were created as part of the projects:
; PARTICIPATORY SIMULATIONS: NETWORK-BASED DESIGN FOR SYSTEMS LEARNING IN CLASSROOMS and 
; INTEGRATED SIMULATION AND MODELING ENVIRONMENT.
; These projects gratefully acknowledge the support of the 
; National Science Foundation (REPP & ROLE programs) -- grant numbers 
; REC #9814682 and REC-0126227.
;
; Copyright 2004 by Uri Wilensky. Updated 2004. All rights reserved.
;
; Permission to use, modify or redistribute this model is hereby granted,
; provided that both of the following requirements are followed:
; a) this copyright notice is included.
; b) this model will not be redistributed for profit without permission
;    from the copyright holders.
; Contact the copyright holders for appropriate licenses for redistribution 
; for profit.
;
; To refer to this model in academic publications, please use:
; Wilensky, U. (2004).  NetLogo HubNet Minority Game model.
; http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/HubNetMinorityGame.
; Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling,
; Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
;
; In other publications, please use:
; Copyright 2004 Uri Wilensky.  All rights reserved.
; See http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/HubNetMinorityGame
; for terms of use.
;
; *** End of NetLogo Model Copyright Notice ***
@#$#@#$#@
GRAPHICS-WINDOW
415
96
803
505
17
17
10.8
1
10
1
1
1
0

CC-WINDOW
5
599
812
694
Command Center

BUTTON
36
10
105
43
setup
setup
NIL
1
T
OBSERVER
NIL
NIL

BUTTON
314
10
377
43
go
go
T
1
T
OBSERVER
NIL
NIL

SLIDER
20
87
198
120
number-of-androids
number-of-androids
0
1001
55
1
1
NIL

SLIDER
20
51
198
84
player-memory
player-memory
1
12
6
1
1
NIL

SLIDER
20
123
198
156
android-memory
android-memory
1
12
3
1
1
NIL

PLOT
224
435
404
585
Success rate
time
success rate
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.05
true
true
PENS
"max" 1.0 0 -65536 true
"min" 1.0 0 -16776961 true
"avg" 1.0 0 -11352576 true

PLOT
13
435
219
585
Number Picking Zero
time
number
0.0
1.0
0.0
25.0
true
false
PENS
"number" 1.0 0 -11352576 true

MONITOR
217
56
390
105
History
full-history player-history player-memory
3
1

PLOT
13
283
219
433
Scores
time
score
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
true
true
PENS
"max" 1.0 0 -65536 true
"min" 1.0 0 -16776961 true
"avg" 1.0 0 -11352576 true

CHOOSER
255
112
347
157
color-by
color-by
"choice" "success"
1

PLOT
224
283
404
433
Success Rates
score
number
0.0
1.0
0.0
10.0
true
true
PENS
"default" 0.02 1 -16777216 false

BUTTON
113
10
188
43
re-run
clear-all-data
NIL
1
T
OBSERVER
T
NIL

SLIDER
210
176
302
209
wait-time
wait-time
0
15
4
1
1
NIL

SLIDER
20
159
199
192
strategies-per-android
strategies-per-android
1
15
5
1
1
NIL

MONITOR
415
10
803
59
Quick Start Instructions-More in Info Window
quick-start
3
1

BUTTON
415
61
563
94
Reset Instructions
setup-quick-start
NIL
1
T
OBSERVER
T
NIL

BUTTON
720
61
803
94
NEXT>>>
view-next
NIL
1
T
OBSERVER
T
NIL

BUTTON
635
61
719
94
<<<PREV
view-previous
NIL
1
T
OBSERVER
T
NIL

MONITOR
19
223
190
272
Winner
winner
3
1

MONITOR
194
223
365
272
Loser
loser
3
1

BUTTON
230
10
301
43
log-in
log-in
T
1
T
OBSERVER
T
NIL

MONITOR
309
163
408
212
Time to Choose
clock
3
1

@#$#@#$#@
WHAT IS IT?
-----------
Minority Game is a simplified model of an economic market.  In each round agents choose to join one of two sides, 0 or 1. Those on the minority side at the end of a round earn a point.  This game is inspired by the "El Farol" bar problem.  

Each round, the live participants must choose 0 or 1. They can view their choice history for a specified number of previous turns, and may employ a finite set of strategies to make their decision. The record available to them shows which side, 0 or 1, was in the minority in previous rounds.

This HubNet version of the model allows players to play against each other and a set of androids.  The androids' intelligence (and thus the difficulty of the game) can be increased through the ANDROID-MEMORY slider.


HOW IT WORKS
------------
Each player begins with a score of 0 and must choose a side, 0 or 1, during each round. If their choice is in the minority they earn a point.  If they do not make their decision in WAIT-TIME seconds, they are randomly assigned to a side.

Each computer agent begins with a score of 0 and STRATEGIES-PER-AGENT strategies. Each of these strategies is a string of 0 and 1 choices, such as [0 1 1 1 0 0 1] that together represent the agents' possible plan of action (first choose 0, next time choose 1, next time choose 1, etc.). Initially, they choose a random one of these strategies to use. If their current strategy correctly predicted whether 0 or 1 would be the minority, they add one point to their score.  Each strategy also earns virtual points according to whether it would have been correct or not.  From then on, the agents will use their strategy with the highest virtual point total to predict whether they should select 0 or 1. Thus, for each android, the "fittest" strategies survive.

This strategy consists of a list of 1's and 0's that is 2^ANDROID-MEMORY long.  The choice the computer agent then makes is based off of the history of past choices.  This history is also a list of 1's and 0's that is ANDROID-MEMORY long, but it is encoded into a binary number.  The binary number is then used as an index into the strategy list to determine the choice.

This means that if there are only computer agents and no human participants, once the number of computer agents, the number of strategies, and the length of the historical record are chosen, all parameters are fixed and the behavior of the system is of interest.


HOW TO USE IT
-------------
QUICKSTART INSTRUCTIONS:
------------------------
Teacher: Follow these directions to run the HubNet activity.
Optional: Zoom In (see Tools in the Menu Bar)
Optional: Change any of the settings.  If you did change settings, press the SETUP button.
Teacher: Press the LOG-IN button.