---pepperedmothsd.nlogo

NETLOGO

 
 to moths-mate21 ;; moth procedure
  ifelse ( (100 * darkness / 8) < 10 ) 
  
   
          [ ]
        [mate21]
end  

 
 
 to mate21 ;; moth procedure
  if ((gender = 1) and (alleles = 2) and (mated? = false) ) 
           [ if (count moths in-radius 1 with [ gender = 0 and (alleles = 1) ] > 0 )   [ 
             hatch moth-growth [ 
                                            set breed eggs
                                    
                               
                ifelse ((random 2 = 0)) 
                    [ set alleles 2   ] 
                    [ set alleles 1   ]
                
                eggs-shape
      
      rt random 360.0
      fd 2 ;; move away from your parent so you can be seen
             ]
             
           set mated? true 
          ] ]
                     
 end
 
 to moths-mate22 ;; moth procedure
  ifelse ( (100 * darkness / 8) > 65 ) 
  
  [ ifelse  ( (100 * darkness / 8) > 85 ) 
          []
          [ if (( random 3 ) = 0) [ mate22 ] ] ]
  [mate22]
end 


  to mate22
       if ((gender = 1) and (alleles = 2) and (mated? = false) ) 
           [ if (count moths in-radius 1 with [ gender = 0 and (alleles = 2) ] > 0 )   [ 
             hatch (moth-growth + 1) [ 
                  set breed eggs
                                   
                               eggs-shape

                set alleles (2)
             rt random 360.0
      fd 2 ;; move away from your parent so you can be seen
             ]
             
            set mated? true
          ]  ]
                     
 end

 
 to moths-black
   if ( (dark-moths + light-moths) > 50 ) [ ifelse ( (100 * darkness / 8) > 45 ) [ if ((random 2) = 0) [
 create-custom-moths 5
  [
    set gender (random 2) ;; random genders
    set mated? false
    set age (random 0) ;; start out with random ages
    set alleles (random 2) ;; random type
    ifelse ( alleles = 2) [set color 9] [set color 0] 
    moths-pick-shape
    setxy (random screen-size-x) (random screen-size-y) ;; values beyond the edge of the screen get wrapped
  ]
  ]
 ]
[ if  ( (100 * darkness / 8) < 45 ) [ ifelse ((random 4) = 0) [
 create-custom-moths 3
   [
    set gender (random 2) ;; random genders
    set mated? false
    set age (random 0) ;; start out with random ages
    set alleles (random 2) ;; random type
    ifelse ( alleles = 2) [set color 9] [set color 0] 
    moths-pick-shape
    setxy (random screen-size-x) (random screen-size-y) ;; values beyond the edge of the screen get wrapped
  ]
  ]
  [
 create-custom-moths 1
   [
    set gender (random 2) ;; random genders
    set mated? false
    set age (random 0) ;; start out with random ages
    set alleles (random 2) ;; random type
    ifelse ( alleles = 2) [set color 9] [set color 0] 
    moths-pick-shape
    setxy (random screen-size-x) (random screen-size-y) ;; values beyond the edge of the screen get wrapped
  ]
  ]
  
 ]]
 

 
 ]

 
 
 end

 to moths-white    
  if ((dark-moths + light-moths) > 50) [   ifelse ( (100 * darkness / 8) < 65 ) [ if ((random 2) = 0) [
 create-custom-moths 5
  [
    set gender (random 2) ;; random genders
    set mated? false
    set age (random 0) ;; start out with random ages
    set alleles (2) ;; random type
    ifelse ( alleles = 2) [set color 9] [set color 0] 
    moths-pick-shape
    setxy (random screen-size-x) (random screen-size-y) ;; values beyond the edge of the screen get wrapped
      ]   
    ]
  ]
  
  [ if  ( (100 * darkness / 8) > 65 ) [ ifelse ((random 4) = 0) [
 create-custom-moths 3
   [
    set gender (random 2) ;; random genders
    set mated? false
    set age (random 0) ;; start out with random ages
    set alleles (2) ;; random type
    ifelse ( alleles = 2) [set color 9] [set color 0] 
    moths-pick-shape
    setxy (random screen-size-x) (random screen-size-y) ;; values beyond the edge of the screen get wrapped
  ]
  ]
  [
 create-custom-moths 1
   [
    set gender (random 2) ;; random genders
    set mated? false
    set age (random 0) ;; start out with random ages
    set alleles (2) ;; random type
    ifelse ( alleles = 2) [set color 9] [set color 0] 
    moths-pick-shape
    setxy (random screen-size-x) (random screen-size-y) ;; values beyond the edge of the screen get wrapped
  ]
  ]
  
 ]]]

  
 end 
   


;; we have a range of 'well-camouflaged-ness', dependent on the rate of selection
to moths-get-eaten ;; moth procedure
  if (random 1000.0 < (selection * (abs (env-color - color))) + 0) [
    die
  ]
end

;; disease, children, entomologists, etc...
;; the moth's world is a cruel place.
to moths-grim-reaper ;; moth procedure
  if ((random 13) = 0) [
    die
  ]
  if ( age > 3 ) [ if ((random 2) = 0) [ die ]]  ;; Lifespan Exceeded
  
  
  ;; population overshoot / resource scarcity
  if ((count moths) > upper-bound) [
    ifelse ((random 4) = 0) [if ((count moths) > (upper-bound * 2)) [die]  ] [die]
  ]
  ;; Dominant Allele Control
  if ((count moths) > (upper-bound / 4)) [ 
       ifelse (alleles = 2) 
           [] 
           [if ((random 2) = 0)  [ die ] ]
           ]
           
  ;; Emigration
  if ((count moths) > (upper-bound * 3 / 4 )) 
       [  if ((random 6) = 0) 
         [ die]
     ]
  
end

to moths-age ;; moth procedure
  set age (age + 1)
end

to moths-move
   if (gender = 0) [ fd 1]
end

to eggs-shape
     set shape "egg"
end 
    


to moths-pick-shape ;; moth procedure
  ifelse (color < 5 ) [
    set shape "moth-dark2"
  ][
    set shape "moth-light2"
  ]
end
  
to update-monitors
  ;; colors range from 1 - 9. dark moths = 1-3. medium moths = 4-6. light moths = 7-9.
  set total (count eggs)
  set light-moths (count moths with [color >= 7])
  set dark-moths (count moths with [color <= 3])
  end

to update-plots
  set-current-plot-pen "Light"
  plot light-moths

  

  set-current-plot-pen "Dark"
  plot dark-moths

  set-current-plot-pen "Pollution"
  plot ((100 * darkness / 8))
end

;; single pollution step. called by cycle-pollution. can also be invoked by "pollute" button.
to pollute-world
  ifelse (darkness <= (8 - delta-env)) [ ;; can the environment get more polluted?
    set darkness (darkness + delta-env)
    ask patches [ set pcolor env-color ]
  ][
    set darkening? false
  ]
end

;; single de-pollution step. called by cycle-pollution. can also be invoked by "clean up" button.
to clean-up-world
  ifelse (darkness >= (0 + delta-env)) [ ;; can the environment get cleaner?
    set darkness (darkness - delta-env)
    ask patches [ set pcolor env-color ]
  ][
    set darkening? true
  ]
end


;; world dims, then lightens, all in lockstep
;; a monochrome world is best for this, because otherwise it'd be very
;; difficult to tell what is a moth and what is a patch
to cycle-pollution
  ifelse (darkening? = true) [ 
    pollute-world
  ][
    clean-up-world
  ]
end



;; This is the historical population patterns that occured in Britain during The 19th-20th Century.
to historical-pollution
  if (tick-pollute2 > 9) and (tick-pollute2 < 1000) [
    ifelse (darkening? = true) 
       [pollute-world]
       [ set tick-pollute (tick-pollute + 1) 
         lull-period ]
    ]

end

to lull-period
   if (tick-pollute > 50) [clean-up-world2]
end

;; This reflects the much faster shift from polluted to non-polluted in Britain
;; after pollution laws were set.
to clean-up-world2
 if (darkening? = false) [
  ifelse (darkness >= (0 + (delta-env * 5))) [ ;; can the environment get cleaner?
    set darkness  (darkness - (delta-env * 5)) 
    ask patches [ set pcolor env-color ]
  ][   
       set darkness 0
       set darkening? true 
       set tick-pollute2 1000
       ] ]
end      
 
    
      
          


; *** Edited by Alan Sun, Shodor Foundation 2003 ***
;
;  This model has been changed drastically to reflect a more accurate model of the
; actual fluctuations of the Pepper Moths due to pollution. Instead of large mutations,
; color is based realistically on the alleles of the moths. The moths actually mate, 
; instead of asexual reproduction, and also are split into seperate genders.
; Now, only light and dark moths remain, to reflect the recessive and dominant phenotypes
; of the Pepper Moths. Another new factor is Immigration and Emigration of Moths of
; both phenotypes as the wind carries them to differing areas. Finally , this model
; also contains a switch to activate the historical pattern of pollution in Britain in 
; the 19th to 20th centuries. It shows a gradual climb of pollution, then a brief period of 
; very high levels of pollution, ending with a swift decline of pollutioin after the 
; laws governing pollution were put in place.

; *** NetLogo Model Copyright Notice ***
;
; This model was created as part of the project: CONNECTED MATHEMATICS:
; MAKING SENSE OF COMPLEX PHENOMENA THROUGH BUILDING OBJECT-BASED PARALLEL
; MODELS (OBPML).  The project gratefully acknowledges the support of the
; National Science Foundation (Applications of Advanced Technologies
; Program) -- grant numbers RED #9552950 and REC #9632612.
;
; Copyright 1998 by Uri Wilensky. All rights reserved.
;
; Permission to use, modify or redistribute this model is hereby granted,
; provided that both of the following requirements are followed:
; a) this copyright notice is included.
; b) this model will not be redistributed for profit without permission
;    from Uri Wilensky.
; Contact Uri Wilensky for appropriate licenses for redistribution for
; profit.
;
; This model was converted to NetLogo as part of the project:
; PARTICIPATORY SIMULATIONS: NETWORK-BASED DESIGN FOR SYSTEMS LEARNING IN
; CLASSROOMS.  The project gratefully acknowledges the support of the
; National Science Foundation (REPP program) -- grant number REC #9814682.
; Converted from StarLogoT to NetLogo, 2001.  Updated 2002.
;
; To refer to this model in academic publications, please use:
; Wilensky, U. (1998).  NetLogo Peppered Moths model.
; http://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo/models/PepperedMoths.
; Center for Connected Learning and Computer-Based Modeling,
; Northwestern University, Evanston, IL.
;
; *** End of NetLogo Model Copyright Notice ***
@#$#@#$#@
GRAPHICS-WINDOW
302
10
680
409
17
17
10.5143
1
10
0
0

CC-WINDOW
10
360
297
480
Command Center

SLIDER
21
206
279
239
num-moths
num-moths
0
250
200
1
1
NIL

PLOT
684
48
984
335
Moth Colors Over Time
Time
Moth Color Count
0.0
200.0
0.0
850.0
false
true
PENS
"Light" 0.2 0 -16711936 true
"Dark" 0.2 0 -16776961 true
"Pollution" 0.2 0 -16777216 true

BUTTON
11
32
66
65
setup
setup
NIL
1
T
OBSERVER

MONITOR
698
348
792
397
Light Moths %
100 * light-moths / (light-moths + dark-moths)
2
1

MONITOR
840
347
933
396
Dark Moths %
100 * dark-moths / (light-moths + dark-moths)
2
1

BUTTON
72
32
128
65
go
go
T
1
T
OBSERVER

MONITOR