misc_utils.sgml

GLib是GTK+和GNOME工程的基础底层核心程序库

<para>
Gets the name of the file without any leading
directory components.  It returns a pointer into the given file name
string.
</para><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
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<tbody>
<row><entry align="right"><parameter>file_name</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry>the name of the file.
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry>the name of the file without any leading directory components.


</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-dirname">g_dirname</title>
<programlisting>#define     g_dirname</programlisting>
<warning>
<para>
<literal>g_dirname</literal> is deprecated and should not be used in newly-written code.
</para>
</warning>
<para>
This function is deprecated and will be removed in the next major
release of GLib. Use <link linkend="g-path-get-dirname">g_path_get_dirname</link>() instead.
</para>

<para>
Gets the directory components of a file name.
If the file name has no directory components "." is returned.
The returned string should be freed when no longer needed.
</para><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
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<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry>the directory components of the file.


</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-path-is-absolute">g_path_is_absolute ()</title>
<programlisting><link linkend="gboolean">gboolean</link>    g_path_is_absolute              (const <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link> *file_name);</programlisting>
<para>
Returns <literal>TRUE</literal> if the given <parameter>file_name</parameter> is an absolute file name,
i.e. it contains a full path from the root directory such as '/usr/local'
on UNIX or 'C:\windows' on Windows systems.
</para><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
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<row><entry align="right"><parameter>file_name</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry>a file name.
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry><literal>TRUE</literal> if <parameter>file_name</parameter> is an absolute path.


</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-path-skip-root">g_path_skip_root ()</title>
<programlisting>G_CONST_RETURN <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link>* g_path_skip_root      (const <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link> *file_name);</programlisting>
<para>
Returns a pointer into <parameter>file_name</parameter> after the root component, i.e. after
the '/' in UNIX or 'C:\' under Windows. If <parameter>file_name</parameter> is not an absolute
path it returns <literal>NULL</literal>.
</para><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
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<row><entry align="right"><parameter>file_name</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry>a file name.
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry>a pointer into <parameter>file_name</parameter> after the root component.


</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-path-get-basename">g_path_get_basename ()</title>
<programlisting><link linkend="gchar">gchar</link>*      g_path_get_basename             (const <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link> *file_name);</programlisting>
<para>
Gets the name of the file without any leading directory components.
The returned string should be freed when no longer needed.
</para>

<note>
<para>
This function allocates new memory for the returned string. This is
different from the old <link linkend="g-basename">g_basename</link>() function, which returned a pointer
into the argument.
</para>
</note><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
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<colspec colwidth="8*">
<tbody>
<row><entry align="right"><parameter>file_name</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry>the name of the file.
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry>the name of the file without any leading directory components.


</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-path-get-dirname">g_path_get_dirname ()</title>
<programlisting><link linkend="gchar">gchar</link>*      g_path_get_dirname              (const <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link> *file_name);</programlisting>
<para>
Gets the directory components of a file name.  If the file name has no
directory components "." is returned.  The returned string should be
freed when no longer needed.
</para><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec colwidth="2*">
<colspec colwidth="8*">
<tbody>
<row><entry align="right"><parameter>file_name</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry>the name of the file.
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry>the directory components of the file.


</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-build-filename">g_build_filename ()</title>
<programlisting><link linkend="gchar">gchar</link>*      g_build_filename                (const <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link> *first_element,
                                             ...);</programlisting>
<para>
Creates a filename from a series of elements using the correct
separator for filenames. This function behaves identically
to <literal>g_build_path (G_DIR_SEPARATOR_S, first_element, ....)</literal>.
</para>
<para>
No attempt is made to force the resulting filename to be an absolute
path. If the first element is a relative path, the result will
be a relative path.</para>
<para>

</para><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
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<row><entry align="right"><parameter>first_element</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry> the first element in the path
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><parameter>...</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry> remaining elements in path
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry> a newly-allocated string that must be freed with <link linkend="g-free">g_free</link>().
</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-build-path">g_build_path ()</title>
<programlisting><link linkend="gchar">gchar</link>*      g_build_path                    (const <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link> *separator,
                                             const <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link> *first_element,
                                             ...);</programlisting>
<para>
Creates a path from a series of elements using <parameter>separator</parameter> as the
separator between elements. At the boundary between two elements,
any trailing occurrences of separator in the first element, or
leading occurrences of separator in the second element are removed
and exactly one copy of the separator is inserted.</para>
<para>

</para><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
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<row><entry align="right"><parameter>separator</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry> a string used to separator the elements of the path.
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><parameter>first_element</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry> the first element in the path
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><parameter>...</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry> remaining elements in path
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry> a newly-allocated string that must be freed with <link linkend="g-free">g_free</link>().
</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-find-program-in-path">g_find_program_in_path ()</title>
<programlisting><link linkend="gchar">gchar</link>*      g_find_program_in_path          (const <link linkend="gchar">gchar</link> *program);</programlisting>
<para>
Locates the first executable named <parameter>program</parameter> in the user's path, in the
same way that <link linkend="execvp">execvp</link>() would locate it. Returns an allocated string
with the absolute path name, or NULL if the program is not found in
the path. If <parameter>program</parameter> is already an absolute path, returns a copy of
<parameter>program</parameter> if <parameter>program</parameter> exists and is executable, and NULL otherwise.
</para>
<para>
On Windows, if <parameter>program</parameter> does not have a file type suffix, tries to
append the suffixes in the PATHEXT environment variable (if that
doesn't exists, the suffixes .com, .exe, and .bat) in turn, and
then look for the resulting file name in the same way as
<link linkend="CreateProcess">CreateProcess</link>() would. This means first in the directory where the
program was loaded from, then in the current directory, then in the
Windows 32-bit system directory, then in the Windows directory, and
finally in the directories in the PATH environment variable. If
the program is found, the return value contains the full name
including the type suffix.</para>
<para>

</para><informaltable pgwide="1" frame="none" role="params">
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<row><entry align="right"><parameter>program</parameter>&nbsp;:</entry>
<entry> a program name
</entry></row>
<row><entry align="right"><emphasis>Returns</emphasis> :</entry><entry> absolute path, or NULL
</entry></row>
</tbody></tgroup></informaltable></refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title><anchor id="g-bit-nth-lsf">g_bit_nth_lsf ()</title>
<programlisting><link linkend="gint">gint</link>        g_bit_nth_lsf                   (<link linkend="gulong">gulong</link> mask,