sec-pixmaps.html

gtk 开发手册和参考文档。 包括gtk glib gdk等

managing. Val is the pixmap created using GDK.</P
><P
>The following is an example of using a pixmap in a button.</P
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CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>/* example-start pixmap pixmap.c */

#include &#60;gtk/gtk.h&#62;


/* XPM data of Open-File icon */
static const char * xpm_data[] = {
"16 16 3 1",
"       c None",
".      c #000000000000",
"X      c #FFFFFFFFFFFF",
"                ",
"   ......       ",
"   .XXX.X.      ",
"   .XXX.XX.     ",
"   .XXX.XXX.    ",
"   .XXX.....    ",
"   .XXXXXXX.    ",
"   .XXXXXXX.    ",
"   .XXXXXXX.    ",
"   .XXXXXXX.    ",
"   .XXXXXXX.    ",
"   .XXXXXXX.    ",
"   .XXXXXXX.    ",
"   .........    ",
"                ",
"                "};


/* when invoked (via signal delete_event), terminates the application.
 */
gint close_application( GtkWidget *widget,
                        GdkEvent  *event,
                        gpointer   data )
{
    gtk_main_quit();
    return(FALSE);
}


/* is invoked when the button is clicked.  It just prints a message.
 */
void button_clicked( GtkWidget *widget,
                     gpointer   data ) {
    g_print( "button clicked\n" );
}

int main( int   argc,
          char *argv[] )
{
    /* GtkWidget is the storage type for widgets */
    GtkWidget *window, *pixmapwid, *button;
    GdkPixmap *pixmap;
    GdkBitmap *mask;
    GtkStyle *style;
    
    /* create the main window, and attach delete_event signal to terminating
       the application */
    gtk_init( &#38;argc, &#38;argv );
    window = gtk_window_new( GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL );
    gtk_signal_connect( GTK_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",
                        GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (close_application), NULL );
    gtk_container_set_border_width( GTK_CONTAINER (window), 10 );
    gtk_widget_show( window );

    /* now for the pixmap from gdk */
    style = gtk_widget_get_style( window );
    pixmap = gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm_d( window-&#62;window,  &#38;mask,
                                           &#38;style-&#62;bg[GTK_STATE_NORMAL],
                                           (gchar **)xpm_data );

    /* a pixmap widget to contain the pixmap */
    pixmapwid = gtk_pixmap_new( pixmap, mask );
    gtk_widget_show( pixmapwid );

    /* a button to contain the pixmap widget */
    button = gtk_button_new();
    gtk_container_add( GTK_CONTAINER(button), pixmapwid );
    gtk_container_add( GTK_CONTAINER(window), button );
    gtk_widget_show( button );

    gtk_signal_connect( GTK_OBJECT(button), "clicked",
                        GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(button_clicked), NULL );

    /* show the window */
    gtk_main ();
          
    return 0;
}
/* example-end */</PRE
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><P
>To load a file from an XPM data file called icon0.xpm in the current
directory, we would have created the pixmap thus</P
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CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>    /* load a pixmap from a file */
    pixmap = gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm( window-&#62;window, &#38;mask,
                                         &#38;style-&#62;bg[GTK_STATE_NORMAL],
                                         "./icon0.xpm" );
    pixmapwid = gtk_pixmap_new( pixmap, mask );
    gtk_widget_show( pixmapwid );
    gtk_container_add( GTK_CONTAINER(window), pixmapwid );</PRE
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><P
>A disadvantage of using pixmaps is that the displayed object is always
rectangular, regardless of the image. We would like to create desktops
and applications with icons that have more natural shapes. For
example, for a game interface, we would like to have round buttons to
push. The way to do this is using shaped windows.</P
><P
>A shaped window is simply a pixmap where the background pixels are
transparent. This way, when the background image is multi-colored, we
don't overwrite it with a rectangular, non-matching border around our
icon. The following example displays a full wheelbarrow image on the
desktop.</P
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><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>/* example-start wheelbarrow wheelbarrow.c */

#include &#60;gtk/gtk.h&#62;

/* XPM */
static char * WheelbarrowFull_xpm[] = {
"48 48 64 1",
"       c None",
".      c #DF7DCF3CC71B",
"X      c #965875D669A6",
"o      c #71C671C671C6",
"O      c #A699A289A699",
"+      c #965892489658",
"@      c #8E38410330C2",
"#      c #D75C7DF769A6",
"$      c #F7DECF3CC71B",
"%      c #96588A288E38",
"&#38;      c #A69992489E79",
"*      c #8E3886178E38",
"=      c #104008200820",
"-      c #596510401040",
";      c #C71B30C230C2",
":      c #C71B9A699658",
"&#62;      c #618561856185",
",      c #20811C712081",
"&#60;      c #104000000000",
"1      c #861720812081",
"2      c #DF7D4D344103",
"3      c #79E769A671C6",
"4      c #861782078617",
"5      c #41033CF34103",
"6      c #000000000000",
"7      c #49241C711040",
"8      c #492445144924",
"9      c #082008200820",
"0      c #69A618611861",
"q      c #B6DA71C65144",
"w      c #410330C238E3",
"e      c #CF3CBAEAB6DA",
"r      c #71C6451430C2",
"t      c #EFBEDB6CD75C",
"y      c #28A208200820",
"u      c #186110401040",
"i      c #596528A21861",
"p      c #71C661855965",
"a      c #A69996589658",
"s      c #30C228A230C2",
"d      c #BEFBA289AEBA",
"f      c #596545145144",
"g      c #30C230C230C2",
"h      c #8E3882078617",
"j      c #208118612081",
"k      c #38E30C300820",
"l      c #30C2208128A2",
"z      c #38E328A238E3",
"x      c #514438E34924",
"c      c #618555555965",
"v      c #30C2208130C2",
"b      c #38E328A230C2",
"n      c #28A228A228A2",
"m      c #41032CB228A2",
"M      c #104010401040",
"N      c #492438E34103",
"B      c #28A2208128A2",
"V      c #A699596538E3",
"C      c #30C21C711040",
"Z      c #30C218611040",
"A      c #965865955965",
"S      c #618534D32081",
"D      c #38E31C711040",
"F      c #082000000820",
"                                                ",
"          .XoO                                  ",
"         +@#$%o&#38;                                ",
"         *=-;#::o+                              ",
"           &#62;,&#60;12#:34                            ",
"             45671#:X3                          ",
"               +89&#60;02qwo                        ",
"e*                &#62;,67;ro                       ",
"ty&#62;                 459@&#62;+&#38;&#38;                    ",
"$2u+                  &#62;&#60;ipas8*                  ",
"%$;=*                *3:.Xa.dfg&#62;                ",
"Oh$;ya             *3d.a8j,Xe.d3g8+             ",
" Oh$;ka          *3d$a8lz,,xxc:.e3g54           ",
"  Oh$;kO       *pd$%svbzz,sxxxxfX..&#38;wn&#62;         ",
"   Oh$@mO    *3dthwlsslszjzxxxxxxx3:td8M4       ",
"    Oh$@g&#38; *3d$XNlvvvlllm,mNwxxxxxxxfa.:,B*     ",
"     Oh$@,Od.czlllllzlmmqV@V#V@fxxxxxxxf:%j5&#38;   ",
"      Oh$1hd5lllslllCCZrV#r#:#2AxxxxxxxxxcdwM*  ",
"       OXq6c.%8vvvllZZiqqApA:mq:Xxcpcxxxxxfdc9* ",
"        2r&#60;6gde3bllZZrVi7S@SV77A::qApxxxxxxfdcM ",
"        :,q-6MN.dfmZZrrSS:#riirDSAX@Af5xxxxxfevo",
"         +A26jguXtAZZZC7iDiCCrVVii7Cmmmxxxxxx%3g",
"          *#16jszN..3DZZZZrCVSA2rZrV7Dmmwxxxx&#38;en",
"           p2yFvzssXe:fCZZCiiD7iiZDiDSSZwwxx8e*&#62;",
"           OA1&#60;jzxwwc:$d%NDZZZZCCCZCCZZCmxxfd.B ",
"            3206Bwxxszx%et.eaAp77m77mmmf3&#38;eeeg* ",
"             @26MvzxNzvlbwfpdettttttttttt.c,n&#38;  ",
"             *;16=lsNwwNwgsvslbwwvccc3pcfu&#60;o    ",
"              p;&#60;69BvwwsszslllbBlllllllu&#60;5+     ",
"              OS0y6FBlvvvzvzss,u=Blllj=54       ",
"               c1-699Blvlllllu7k96MMMg4         ",
"               *10y8n6FjvllllB&#60;166668           ",
"                S-kg+&#62;666&#60;M&#60;996-y6n&#60;8*          ",
"                p71=4 m69996kD8Z-66698&#38;&#38;        ",
"                &#38;i0ycm6n4 ogk17,0&#60;6666g         ",
"                 N-k-&#60;&#62;     &#62;=01-kuu666&#62;        ",
"                 ,6ky&#38;      &#38;46-10ul,66,        ",
"                 Ou0&#60;&#62;       o66y&#60;ulw&#60;66&#38;       ",
"                  *kk5       &#62;66By7=xu664       ",
"                   &#60;&#60;M4      466lj&#60;Mxu66o       ",
"                   *&#62;&#62;       +66uv,zN666*       ",
"                              566,xxj669        ",
"                              4666FF666&#62;        ",
"                               &#62;966666M         ",
"                                oM6668+         ",
"                                  *4            ",
"                                                ",
"                                                "};


/* When invoked (via signal delete_event), terminates the application */
gint close_application( GtkWidget *widget,
                        GdkEvent  *event,
                        gpointer   data )
{
    gtk_main_quit();
    return(FALSE);
}

int main (int argc,
          char *argv[] )
{
    /* GtkWidget is the storage type for widgets */
    GtkWidget *window, *pixmap, *fixed;
    GdkPixmap *gdk_pixmap;
    GdkBitmap *mask;
    GtkStyle *style;
    GdkGC *gc;
    
    /* Create the main window, and attach delete_event signal to terminate
     * the application.  Note that the main window will not have a titlebar
     * since we're making it a popup. */
    gtk_init (&#38;argc, &#38;argv);
    window = gtk_window_new( GTK_WINDOW_POPUP );
    gtk_signal_connect (GTK_OBJECT (window), "delete_event",
                        GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (close_application), NULL);
    gtk_widget_show (window);

    /* Now for the pixmap and the pixmap widget */
    style = gtk_widget_get_default_style();
    gc = style-&#62;black_gc;
    gdk_pixmap = gdk_pixmap_create_from_xpm_d( window-&#62;window, &#38;mask,
                                             &#38;style-&#62;bg[GTK_STATE_NORMAL],
                                             WheelbarrowFull_xpm );
    pixmap = gtk_pixmap_new( gdk_pixmap, mask );
    gtk_widget_show( pixmap );

    /* To display the pixmap, we use a fixed widget to place the pixmap */
    fixed = gtk_fixed_new();
    gtk_widget_set_usize( fixed, 200, 200 );
    gtk_fixed_put( GTK_FIXED(fixed), pixmap, 0, 0 );
    gtk_container_add( GTK_CONTAINER(window), fixed );
    gtk_widget_show( fixed );

    /* This masks out everything except for the image itself */
    gtk_widget_shape_combine_mask( window, mask, 0, 0 );
    
    /* show the window */
    gtk_widget_set_uposition( window, 20, 400 );
    gtk_widget_show( window );
    gtk_main ();
          
    return(0);
}
/* example-end */</PRE
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><P
>To make the wheelbarrow image sensitive, we could attach the button
press event signal to make it do something. The following few lines
would make the picture sensitive to a mouse button being pressed which
makes the application terminate.</P
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><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
>    gtk_widget_set_events( window,
                          gtk_widget_get_events( window ) |
                          GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK );

   gtk_signal_connect( GTK_OBJECT(window), "button_press_event",
                       GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(close_application), NULL );</PRE
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