apache + tomcat howto - windows 2000 pro-xp pro.htm

Apache + Tomcat HOWTO 教程

Word!! Use Notepad or another editor. Scroll down to where you see a bunch of 
lines that say "LoadModule". At the end of this list, add a line that says: 
<P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR bgColor=#cccccc>
    <TD><CODE>LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk-2.0.43.dll</CODE> 
  </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Save the file you just edited to the APACHE_HOME\conf directory, and before 
going any further, verify that you have things setup correctly. Open a command 
prompt window by clicking Start-&gt;Run and typing <B>cmd</B> and clicking OK. 
At the prompt, type <B>c:\apache\Apache2\bin\Apache.exe -t</B> and hit return. 
You should see a message that says "Syntax OK". If you don't see this message, 
go back to Step 1 and review any changes you have made to determine the error. 
Note that using "-t" on the command line WILL NOT start the Apache service, it 
just checks the changes that you made to httpd.conf for any errors. 
<P>5. Edit Tomcat's configuration. First, make a copy of 
c:\tomcat\tomcat-4-1-18\conf\server.xml. Now edit 
c:\tomcat\tomcat-4-1-18\conf\server.xml. Look for a line that says 
<P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR bgColor=#cccccc>
    <TD><CODE>&lt;Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN" debug="0"&gt;</CODE> 
    </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Just below that line, add the following: 
<P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR bgColor=#cccccc>
    <TD><CODE>&lt;Listener 
      className="org.apache.ajp.tomcat4.config.ApacheConfig" 
      modJk="c:/apache/Apache2/modules/mod_jk-2.0.43.dll" /&gt;</CODE> 
  </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Now look for a line that says 
<P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR bgColor=#cccccc>
    <TD><CODE>&lt;Host name="localhost" debug="0" appBase="webapps" 
      unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"&gt;</CODE> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Just below that line, add the following: 
<P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR bgColor=#cccccc>
    <TD><CODE>&lt;Listener 
      className="org.apache.ajp.tomcat4.config.ApacheConfig" append="true" 
      forwardAll="false" modJk="c:/apache/Apache2/modules/mod_jk-2.0.43.dll" 
      /&gt;</CODE> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>(note that this line, while similar to 
the first one, is different) 
<P>Save the changes you made to server.xml. Restart the Tomcat service. Wait a 
few seconds, and then check to see if there is a file called mod_jk.conf in 
c:\tomcat\tomcat-4-1-18\conf\auto 
(c:\tomcat\tomcat-4-1-18\conf\auto\mod_jk.conf). If there is, all is well. If 
there isn't, go back to the beginning of Step 5 and verify the changes you made 
to server.xml. 
<P>By adding the two Listener elements to server.xml, you are causing Tomcat to 
generate the necessary Apache configuration directives for mod_jk automatically. 
You don't need to type them by hand. This is a very convenient feature, but it 
is optional. If you want to configure Apache by hand, you are welcome to do so, 
but that is not covered here in this HOWTO. 
<P>6. Almost done on the Tomcat side. JK, in the Apache module, uses the concept 
of a "worker" to send and receive info to Tomcat. We need to tell the worker 
where Tomcat is, and what port we want it to use. This is done with a 
workers.properties file. We want to put the workers.properties file into 
c:\tomcat\Tomcat-4-1-18\conf\jk, though it can be anywhere. So, open up Notepad 
or your favorite text editor with a blank file, and add the following lines to 
it: 
<P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR bgColor=#cccccc>
    <TD><CODE># BEGIN workers.properties<BR># Definition for Ajp13 
      worker<BR>worker.list=ajp13<BR>worker.ajp13.port=8009<BR>worker.ajp13.host=localhost<BR>worker.ajp13.type=ajp13<BR># 
      END workers.properties<BR></CODE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Save the file as c:\tomcat\Tomcat-4.1.18\conf\jk\workers.properties. Note 
that the default name for a JK worker is "ajp13". You can call it what you like, 
but my advice is don't change it until you have a completely working 
installation and can see how all the pieces fit together. 
<P>7. Now go back to Apache's httpd.conf file, and edit it 
(c:\apache\Apache2\conf\httpd.conf). At the very end of the file, add the 
following line: 
<P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 border=0>
  <TBODY>
  <TR bgColor=#cccccc>
    <TD><CODE>Include 
    c:/tomcat/tomcat-4-1-18/conf/auto/mod_jk.conf<BR></CODE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Save the file, and verify your syntax by running 
<B>c:\apache\apache2\bin\apache.exe -t</B> at a command prompt. You should see a 
message that says "Syntax OK". If you don't see this message, review the edits 
you just made and make sure that c:/tomcat/tomcat-4-1-18/conf/auto/mod_jk.conf 
and workers.properties actually exist where they should. 
<P><B>Installation Checklist</B> 
<P>OK, that was a lot of work. By now, you should have the following 
environment: 
<P>
<UL>
  <LI>JDK installed in c:\j2sdk1.4.1_01 
  <LI>JAVA_HOME environment variable set for all users (System level) to 
  c:\j2sdk1.4.1_01 
  <LI>The JK DLL downloaded from the Jakarta site and placed in 
  c:\apache\Apache2\modules 
  <LI>Apache installed in c:\apache\apache2, with "Syntax OK" messages after 
  both the LoadModule edit and the Jk/Include edit, and able to view the Apache 
  welcome page at <A href="http://localhost/">http://localhost/</A> 
  <LI>Tomcat installed in c:\tomcat\tomcat-4-1-18, successfully restarted with 
  both Listener element edits to server.xml, and able to view the Tomcat welcome 
  page and execute the Tomcat examples at <A 
  href="http://localhost:8080/">http://localhost:8080/</A> 
  <LI>A file called workers.properties located in 
  c:\tomcat\Tomcat-4-1-18\conf\jk </LI></UL>
<P><B>Checking Your Installation</B> 
<P>1. Start Tomcat as a service using the service control panel. 
Start-&gt;Application Tools-&gt;Services. If Tomcat is running, stop it and then 
start it. Wait a few seconds before continuing. 
<P>2. Start Apache using the Apache Monitor in your System Tray. Right click on 
the System Tray icon, and choose "Open Apache Monitor", then click "Start". Wait 
a few seconds before continuing. 
<P>3. Verify the Apache welcome page at <A 
href="http://localhost/">http://localhost/</A> 
<P>4. Verify the Tomcat examples at <A 
href="http://localhost:8080/examples/jsp/index.html">http://localhost:8080/examples/jsp/index.html</A> 

<P>5. Verify Tomcat examples available on port 80 at <A 
href="http://localhost/examples/jsp/index.html">http://localhost/examples/jsp/index.html</A> 

<P>If you can execute the Tomcat examples successfully without "8080" on the 
URL, then mod_jk is working correctly. 
<P>For more info, consult the Tomcat documentation as well as the tomcat-user 
mailing list. If you want to use this HOWTO for something other than 
"localhost", then all you have to do is use "www.your-domain.com" everywhere it 
says "localhost". My advice in that scenario would be to copy the existing, 
default Host container in Tomcat's server.xml, and change the "name" parameter 
to "www.your-domain.com", then restart Tomcat (to re-gen mod_jk.conf with the 
new hostname) and restart Apache. Making a copy of the localhost Host container 
in server.xml will leave the localhost container as a failsafe default, which 
might cut down on problems in the future. 
<P>NOTE: in Tomcat, virtual hosts are "Hosts". That is, as far as Tomcat is 
concerned, localhost <B>is</B> a virtual host. So, if you want to setup 
www.server-a.com and www.server-b.com, you just need more copies of the Host 
container included in the default server.xml that comes with Tomcat. Doing it in 
production is a little more complicated than that, but that's the essence of how 
to get Tomcat to work for more than localhost. Because this HOWTO describes 
using the Apache auto-config option of JK, getting Tomcat to work with your 
virtual hosts means Apache will work. This means that you can test your URL and 
your application contexts using ":8080" on your URL without affecting Apache. 
When you have it working, simply restart Apache so that it picks up the new 
mod_jk.conf file generated by Tomcat and you should be well on your way. 
<P><A href="http://www.johnturner.com/howto/apache-tomcat-howto.html">Back To 
Menu</A> 
<P>Please send comments, suggestions, or changes to john AT johnturner DOT com. 
Be advised that I will be happy to help where I can, but I am not available for 
free one-on-one tech support to the whole world. :) 
<P>
<DIV align=center>
<H6>Copyright &copy; 2002 John Turner. All rights reserved.</H6></DIV></BODY></HTML>