hangkongdingpiao.cpp

航空订票系统

#include <iostream.h> 
#include <stdio.h> 
#include <string.h> 
#include <conio.h> 
#define m 10//9架飞机 
#define n 25 //每架飞机25张票 

struct node 
{ 
  char name[21]; 
  char id[21]; 
  int seat,plane,date;
  node *next,*pre; 
};
 
struct wait 
{ 
  char name[21]; 
  char id[21]; 
  char phone[11]; 
  int seat,plane,count,date;
  wait *next,*pre; 
}; 

struct piao 
{ 
  int seat[n+1]; 
}; 

void makenull(); 
void makenull_piao(); 
void makenull_information(); 
void list_menu(); 
void list_piao(); 
void makenull_wait(); 
void list_information(); 
void plane_information(node *head); 
void book(); 
void add_information(node *head,int x,int y); 
void add_wait(int x,int y); 
void search_delete(int x); 
void write_to_file(); 
void show_wait(); 
bool comp(node *x,node*y); 

node *head[m-1],*q; 
wait *wait_head,*wait_end; 
char c; 
piao a[m];

void main() 
{ 
  makenull(); 
  do 
  { 
	list_menu(); 
    cout<<endl<<"choose an operation: "; 
    cin>>c; 
    if (c!='7') 
    switch(c) 
	{ 
      case '1' : show_wait();break; 
      case '2' : {list_piao();book();}break;//先查看剩余票然后再定票 
      case '3' : search_delete(1);break; 
      case '4' : list_piao();break; 
      case '5' : list_information();break; 
      case '6' : search_delete(0);break; 
      default : break; 
	} 
  }while(c!='7'); 
  cout<<"Exit System "; 
}
 
void makenull() 
{ 
  makenull_piao(); 
  makenull_information(); 
  makenull_wait(); 
}
 
void list_menu() 
{ 
  cout<<endl<<""; 
  cout<<endl<<" 菜单"; 
  cout<<endl<<" ************************"; 
  cout<<endl<<" * 1 . 查看排队情况 *"; 
  cout<<endl<<" * 2 . 订票 *"; 
  cout<<endl<<" * 3 . 退票 *"; 
  cout<<endl<<" * 4 . 查看剩余票 *"; 
  cout<<endl<<" * 5 . 查看飞机订票信息 *"; 
  cout<<endl<<" * 6 . 查看乘客信息 *"; 
  cout<<endl<<" * 7 . 退出 *"; 
  cout<<endl<<" ************************"; 
  cout<<endl<<""; 
}
 
void makenull_piao() 
{ 
  FILE *fp; 
  int i;
  //fopen()函数中第一个参数为要打开的文件名，第二个表示文件形式，例如'r'表示只读'w'表示只写
  if((fp=fopen("piao.dat","r")) == NULL )//打开文件失败 
  {
   fp=fopen("piao.dat","w");
   for (i=1;i<=m-1;i++)
   fwrite(&a[i],sizeof(piao),1,fp); //fwrite()函数功能是将内存中的数据读到磁盘上
   fclose(fp); 
   fp=fopen("piao.dat","r");
  } 
  for(i=1;i<=m-1;i++)
  fread(&a[i],sizeof(piao),1,fp);
  //fread()函数功能是读入数据，第一的参数表示要读入数据的存放地址，通常为指针形式，
  fclose(fp);//通常为防止读入的数据丢失在读入一个流后要关闭文件 
} 

void makenull_information() 
{ 
  node *r; 
  FILE *fp; 
  int i,j,k,sum=0,sum1;
  for(k=1;k<=m-1;k++)
     sum+=a[k].seat[0]; 
  fp=fopen("information.dat","r");
  for(k=1;k<=m-1;k++)
  {
    head[k]=new node; 
    head[k]->pre=NULL; 
    head[k]->next=NULL; 
  }
  q=head[1]; 
  for(i=1;i<=sum;i++) 
  { 
   j=0;
   sum1=0;
   r=new node; 
   fread(r,sizeof(node),1,fp); 
   q->next=r; //q做头指针将读入的数据链到q后
   r->pre=q; 
   r->next=NULL; 
   q=q->next;//q指向读入的数据r 
   fclose(fp);
   for(k=1;k<m-1;k++)
   {
	  sum1+=a[k].seat[0];
      if(i==sum1+1) { 
         head[k+1]->next=q; 
         q->pre->next=NULL; //q->pre表示读入的第i-1个数据。整个功能是断开链表用head[k+1]当头指针
         q->pre=head[k+1]; 
	  } 
   }
  }//for 
} 

void makenull_wait() 
{ 
  wait *tempw; 
  FILE *fp; 
  tempw=new wait; 
  int i; 
  if((fp=fopen("wait.txt","r")) ==NULL ) 
  {
   fp=fopen("wait.txt","w");
   fclose(fp); 
  } 
  wait_end=new wait; 
  wait_head=new wait; 
  wait_end->next=NULL; 
  wait_end->pre=NULL; 
  wait_head=wait_end; 
  wait_head->count=0; 
  fp=fopen("wait.txt","r");
  fread(wait_head,sizeof(wait),1,fp); 
  for(i=1;i<=wait_head->count;i++) 
  { 
   fread(tempw,sizeof(wait),1,fp); 
   wait_end->next=tempw; 
   tempw->pre=wait_end; 
   tempw->next=NULL; 
   wait_end=tempw; 
  } 
} 

void list_piao()//查看剩余票 
{ 
  int i,j; 
  for(i=1;i<=m-1;i++) //按顺序查看各飞机是否已满
  { 
  if(a[i].seat[0]!=n) //第i架飞机的座位没有满
  { 
   switch(i){
       case  1: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—北京未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break; 
       case  2: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—上海未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break;
       case  3: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—成都未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break;
       case  4: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—广州未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break;
       case  5: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—杭州未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break;
       case  6: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—海南未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break;
       case  7: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—天津未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break;
       case  8: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—石家庄未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break;
       case  9: cout<<endl<<"第 "<<i<<" 架飞机西安—青岛未预订的座位号 :"<<endl;break;
   }
   for(j=1;j<=n;j++) 
   if (a[i].seat[j]==0) cout<<" "<<j;//a[i].seat[p]==0表示到i地的飞机第p号座位未预定 
   cout<<endl; 
  }//if 
  else cout<<endl<<"The "<<i<<" plane is full !"<<endl<<endl; 
  }  //for 
}  
 
void list_information() //查看飞机订票信息
{ 
  int x; 
  do {cout<<endl<<"显示哪架飞机的信息 ? "; cin>>x;cout<<endl;}while(x<1 || x>=m); 
  cout<<endl<<"第 "<<x<<" 架飞机的信息如下 "<<endl; 
  plane_information(head[x]); 
} 

void plane_information(node *head) 
{ 
  node *q;
  char ch; 
  int x=0; 
  if(head!=NULL && head->next!=NULL) 
  q=head->next; 
  else { 
    q=NULL; 
    cout<<"飞机空,无人预订票 !"<<endl; 
  } 
  while(q!=NULL) 
  { 
   cout<<endl<<"*******************"<<endl; 
   q->date=q->plane;
   cout<<"日期 :"<<q->date<<endl; 
   cout<<"座位号 : "<<q->seat<<endl; 
   cout<<"姓名 : "<<q->name; 
   cout<<endl<<"ID 号 : "<<q->id; 
   q=q->next;x++; 
   if (x % (m-1) ==0) ch=getch(); 
  } 
  cout<<endl; 
} 

void book()//订票 
{ 
 int i,j,p; 
 cout<<endl<<"请选择地点：（1..."<< m-1<<"） "; 
 do { 
  cin>>i; 
  if (i<1 || i>=m) { 
     cout<<endl<<"**** 超出范围！****"<<endl<<"请重新输入："; 
  } 
  else{ 
	  cout<<endl<<"你要订的是到"<<i<<"地的飞机"<<endl; 
      cout<<endl<<"到 "<<i<<" 地的飞架飞机剩余的座位号 :"<<endl; 
      for(p=1;p<=n;p++) 
      if (a[i].seat[p]==0) cout<<" "<<p;        //a[i].seat[p]==0表示到i地的飞机第p号座位未预定 
      cout<<endl; 
      break;
  }//else 
 }while(1); 
 cout<<endl<<"请选择座位号 : "; 
 do { 
  cin>>j; 
  if (j<1 || j>n) { 
  cout<<endl<<"**** 超出范围！****"<<endl<<"请重新输入："; 
  } 
  else 
  {
   q->date=i; 
   cout<<endl<<"您的订票日期 : "<<q->date<<endl; 
   break; 
  }//else 
 }while(1); 
 if (a[i].seat[j]==0) { 
   a[i].seat[j]=1; 
   cout<<endl; 
   a[i].seat[0]++;                //a[i].seat[0]表示第i架飞机已预订的票数 
   add_information(head[i],i,j); 
 } 
 else 
 { 
  cout<<endl<<"**** 对不起,该座位已被预订，您被安排到订票等候队列 ****"<<endl; 
  add_wait(i,j); 
 } 
} 

void add_wait(int x,int y) 
{ 
   wait *tempw; 
   tempw=new wait; 
   tempw->next=NULL; 
   cout<<"请输入个人信息"<<endl; 
   cout<<"姓名 : ";cin>>tempw->name;
   cout<<"ID号 : ";cin>>tempw->id;
   cout<<"电话 : ";cin>>tempw->phone;
   tempw->seat=y;  //j由参数传递过来表示预订的座位号
   tempw->plane=x; //x由参数传递过来表示预订的飞机号
   wait_end->next=tempw;//与下一句一并将预订乘客信息插入链表
   tempw->pre=wait_end; 
   wait_end=wait_end->next; //排队的队尾向后移，wait_end指针指向刚插入的元素
   cout<<endl<<"**** 正在排队等候 ****"<<endl; 
   wait_head->count++;// 排队的队列长度加1
   write_to_file(); 
} 

void show_wait()//查看排队情况 
{ 
  wait *tempw; 
  tempw=wait_head->next;//初始化将排队信息的第一个赋给tempw 
  if (tempw==NULL) cout<<endl<<"排队中没有人！"<<endl; 
  while(tempw!=NULL) 
  { 
   cout<<tempw->name<<" - "; //挨个打印出排队人的名字
   tempw=tempw->next; 
  } 
}
 
void add_information(node *head,int x,int y) 
{ 
  node *temp; 
  temp=new node; 
  temp->pre=NULL; 
  temp->next=NULL; 
  cout<<"请输入个人信息"<<endl; 
  cout<<endl<<"*************"<<endl; 
  cout<<"姓名 : ";cin>>temp->name;
  cout<<"ID号 : ";cin>>temp->id;
  temp->seat=y; 
  temp->plane=x; 
  temp->next=head->next;           //接下来的四句话是把head结点插入到先前结点之后
  temp->pre=head; 
  if (head->next!=NULL) head->next->pre=temp; 
  head->next=temp; 
  write_to_file(); 
  cout<<endl<<"**** 订票成功 ****"<<endl; 
}
 
void search_delete(int x)//当x=1时退票,当x=0时查看乘客信息 
{ 
   node *p,*q,*r; 
   wait *tempw,*tempw2,*tempw3; 
   int step=1,t1,t2,i; 
   char ch; 
   p=new node; 
   tempw=new wait; 
   tempw2=new wait; 
   tempw3=new wait; 
   q=head[1]; 
   cout<<endl<<"请输入个人信息"<<endl; 
   cout<<"*************"<<endl; 
   cout<<endl<<"姓名 : ";cin>>p->name;
   do{ 
      q=q->next; 
      if ( (q!=NULL) && (comp(q,p)) ) 
	  { 
         cout<<endl; 
         q->date=q->plane; 
         cout<<"Located!"<<endl; 
         cout<<"****************"; 
         cout<<endl<<"姓名 : "<<q->name;
         cout<<endl<<"ID号 : "<<q->id;
         cout<<endl<<"座位号 : "<<q->seat;
         cout<<endl<<"班机号 : "<<q->plane; 
         cout<<endl<<"日期 : "<<q->date<<endl; 
         if (x==1) //退票
		 { 
           cout<<"删除该纪录 ? [Y/N] "; 
           cin>>ch; 
           if (ch=='Y' || ch=='y') 
		   { 
             t1=q->plane; 
             t2=q->seat; 
             a[t1].seat[t2]=0;//确认删除后将预订飞机的预定座位号删除 
             a[t1].seat[0]--; //将预订飞机的预订座位总数减1
             //接下来三句话表示从该双向循环链表中删除对应的结点
			 r=q;q=q->pre; 
			 r->pre->next=r->next;
             if(r->next!=NULL) r->next->pre=r->pre; 
             delete(r);//将删除的结点的指针释放 
             cout<<"**** 记录删除成功 ! ****"; 
             write_to_file(); 
             tempw=wait_head;//将 tempw指向排队链表的表头
             for(i=0;i<wait_head->count;i++)//wait_head->count表示该链表中存有的结点个数 
			 { 
               tempw=tempw->next; 
               if(tempw==NULL) break; 
			   //排队的第一个人预订的飞机号及座位号的和已删除的记录相同 
               if((tempw->plane==t1) && (tempw->seat==t2))
			   { 
                strcpy(tempw3->name,tempw->name);//将tempw->name复制到tempw3->name中 
                strcpy(tempw3->phone,tempw->phone); 
                cout<<endl<<"等候的人中有可以订票的了："<<endl; 
                cout<<endl<<"姓名 : "<<tempw->name; 
                cout<<endl<<"ID号 : "<<tempw->id<<endl; 
                a[t1].seat[0]++; //将预订飞机的预订座位总数加1                       
                a[t1].seat[t2]=1; //将预订飞机的预订的座位号置为1代表已经预订
                add_information(head[tempw->plane],tempw->plane,tempw->seat);  
                tempw2=tempw->pre; 
                tempw2->next=tempw->next; 
                if(tempw->next==NULL) wait_end=tempw2; 
                else tempw->next->pre=tempw2; 
                delete(tempw); 
                wait_head->count--; 
                write_to_file(); 
                cout<<endl<<"等候的"<<tempw3->name<<"已经成功订票，已经由电话"<<tempw3->phone<<"通知了"<<endl; 
                break; 
			   }//if 
			 }//for 
		   }//if (ch=='Y' || ch=='y') 
		 }continue;//if (x==1) 
	  }//if ( (q!=NULL) && (comp(q,p)) ) 
      else //查看乘客信息
	  { 
        if (q==NULL) 
		{ 
          step++; 
          q=head[step];  
          if(step==m) {cout<<endl<<"**** 信息检索完毕 ****";break;} 
		} 
	  } 
   }while(1);//do 
} 

bool comp(node *x,node *y)//将x->name[i]与y->name[j]进行匹配 
{ 
   node *p,*q; 
   int i,j,k; 
   p=x; 
   q=y; 
   i=j=0; 
   do 
   { 
    while ( (p->name[i] != q->name[j]) && (p->name[i] != '\0') ) i++; 
    if (p->name[i] == '\0') {return(false);break;} //p->name[i]已经查完
    else//p->name[i]未查完且满足p->name[i] != q->name[j] 
	{ 
     k=i; 
	 //k和j自增直到p->name[k] 与 q->name[j]不再相等 
     while ( (p->name[k] == q->name[j]) && (q->name[j]!='\0') ) {k++;j++;}
     if (q->name[j]=='\0') return(true); //q->name[k]已经查完
     else//q->name[k]未查完且满足p->name[i] != q->name[k]
	 { 
      j=0;//q->name[j]从q->name[0]开始，p->name[i]从p->name[i+1]开始重新匹配
      i++; 
	 } 
	} 
   }while( (q->name[j]!='\0') && (p->name[i] != '\0') ); 
   return(false); 
} 

void write_to_file() 
{ 
  FILE *fp; 
  int i,j,e; 
  int x[m]; 
  node *p; 
  wait *tempw; 
  tempw=new wait; 
  tempw=wait_head;//初始化将wait_head指针赋给tempw 
  fp=fopen("piao.dat","w");
  for (i=1;i<=m-1;i++) 
  { 
   fwrite(&a[i],sizeof(piao),1,fp); 
  } 
  fclose(fp); 
  fp=fopen("information.dat","w");
  x[0]=0; 
  for(i=0,j=1;j<=m-1;j++) i=i+a[j].seat[0];
  j=1;p=head[1]->next; 
  for(j=1;j<=i;j++)//i=a[1].seat[0]+a[2].seat[0]+a[m-1].seat[0]即所有架飞机的总座位数 
  { 
   e=j/n+1;
   if(j%n==1) p=head[e]->next;//j==x[1]+1表示查到了第二架飞机的座位 
   if(p==NULL)break; 
   fwrite(p,sizeof(node),1,fp); 
   p=p->next; 
  }//for 
  fclose(fp); 
  fp=fopen("wait.txt","w");
  for(j=0;j<=wait_head->count;j++) 
  { 
  if(tempw==NULL)break; 
  fwrite(tempw,sizeof(wait),1,fp); 
  tempw=tempw->next; 
  }//for 
 fclose(fp); 
}