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<TITLE>Sams Teach Yourself Linux in 24 Hours:Installing Linux:EarthWeb Inc.-</TITLE>

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<!-- TITLE=Sams Teach Yourself Linux in 24 Hours//-->

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<A NAME="PAGENUM-11"><P>Page 11</P></A>





<H3><A NAME="ch02_ 2">

Hour 2

</A></H3>





<H2>

<A NAME="ch02_ 3">

Installing Linux

</A>

</H2>



<P>In Hour 1 you learned how to prepare your system for the installation of

Linux. Before you actually begin installing, there are several items you should

be familiar with.

</P>



<H3><A NAME="ch02_ 4">

The Installation Program's Interface

</A></H3>



<P>The installation interface is a character interface rather than a

graphical interface. A mouse isn't used during the installation process; instead,

various keystrokes are used to select items.

</P>



<P>If you're in a text region that has multiple choices or selections, you can

usually use the arrow keys to move around. To switch between regions, you can

use the Tab and Alt-Tab keys.

</P>



<P>To choose a button to select, you normally position the highlighted area

using one of the movement keys. You can then press the Space or Enter key to

press the button. To select check boxes, scroll through the entries, highlighting

the desired option. Then use the Space key to select or toggle the option on or off.

</P>

<A NAME="PAGENUM-12"><P>Page 12</P></A>







<P>The F12 key is special in that it takes the values as selected on the screen and proceeds

to the next screen. If your keyboard doesn't have an F12 key, the combination Shift F2

should have the same results.

</P>



<P>The installation program presents various diagnostic information for the user to

determine what may be happening in various parts of the install. To not clutter the main screen

with extra data, it uses a useful feature of Linux called the

Virtual Console which can be seen via a single keystroke. Table 2.1 lists the keystrokes used to view each of the

virtual consoles:

</P>



<P>Table 2.1. Virtual console keystrokes.

</P>

<TABLE>



<TR><TD>

Keystroke

</TD><TD>

Result

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

Alt-F1

</TD><TD>

This is the main installation dialogue.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

Alt-F2

</TD><TD>

Once the CD-ROM has been found, you get a

shell prompt that can be used to execute commands.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

Alt-F3

</TD><TD>

The log from the installation program.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

Alt-F4

</TD><TD>

The log from the kernel and other system level programs.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

Alt-F5

</TD><TD>

Messages from disk formatting and some other programs.

</TD></TR></TABLE>



<P>For the most part, you won't need to ever leave the first virtual console, unless you

are curious, or trying to diagnose a problem.

</P>



<H3><A NAME="ch02_ 5">

Beginning the Installation

</A></H3>



<P>To begin the installation, insert the boot diskette into the floppy drive and restart

the computer. The machine should go through the normal process of booting from a

floppy, then come to a screen with a boot: prompt.

</P>



<TABLE BGCOLOR=#FFFF99><TR><TD>JUST A MINUTE</TD></TR><TR><TD>

<BLOCKQUOTE>

The installation process occurs in two stages. In the first stage you tell

the installation program some basic information about your computer and where

to find the installation files. The second stage performs the rest of the installation.

</BLOCKQUOTE>

</TD></TR></TABLE>





<P>This initial screen contains helpful tips about starting the install, and allows access to

some initial help screens before the boot process. To access these help screens, press one of

the function keys, listed in Table 2.2, printed at the bottom of the screen. There is a short

delay as the data is read from the floppy drive.

</P>



<A NAME="PAGENUM-13"><P>Page 13</P></A>





<P>

Table 2.2. Function keys and their results.

</P>

<TABLE>



<TR><TD>

Function Key

</TD><TD>

Result

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

F1 Main screen

</TD><TD>

The one you initially saw at startup.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

F2 General

</TD><TD>

Some general tips on what the boot process does.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

F3 Expert

</TD><TD>

This screen explains the expert mode. This mode

disables most of the autoprobing and autodetection.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

F4 Rescue

</TD><TD>

This mode enables you to help repair a damaged

system. You need both the boot and supplemental floppy for

this mode.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

F5 Kickstart

</TD><TD>

The kickstart is an advanced mode that uses a

pre-configured text file. The use of kickstart mode is beyond the

scope of this tutorial, but is documented on the <BR>

CD-ROM.

</TD></TR><TR><TD>

F6 Kernel

</TD><TD>

A help screen on some options that you can pass to

the kernel at boot time.

</TD></TR></TABLE>



<P>You can now type any options you require at the boot prompt, and press Enter to start

the install. If you do not type anything or press any function key, the install automatically

begins after one minute.

</P>



<TABLE BGCOLOR=#FFFF99><TR><TD>JUST A MINUTE</TD></TR><TR><TD>

<BLOCKQUOTE>

If you didn't get to this first screen, or received an error message, there may

be something wrong with the floppy image. The most common causes are that

the floppy disk had a bad sector, or that the floppy drive hardware has some sort

of problems using the floppy. You need to recreate the boot floppy following

the instructions in Hour 1, &quot;Preparing to Install Linux.&quot;

</BLOCKQUOTE>

</TD></TR></TABLE>





<P>After pressing Enter you should see the following output:

</P>



<!-- CODE SNIP //-->

<PRE>

Loading initrd.img....................

Loading vmlinuz...........

Uncompressing Linux.......

</PRE>

<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->



<P>If the diskette activity stops, and the initial screen doesn't appear, hardware problems

or incompatibility are the likely culprit.

</P>





<H3><A NAME="ch02_ 6">

The First Stage

</A></H3>





<P>After a moment of floppy disk activity, you should see a black-and-white screen asking

if you are using a color monitor, shown in Figure 2.1. This is the beginning of the first

stage



<A NAME="PAGENUM-14"><P>Page 14</P></A>







<P>of the installation process. You next set up some basic hardware and the install

attempts to find the installation media.

</P>







<P>Figure 2.1.<BR>

Selecting the type of<BR>

monitor you have.</P>

<P><a href="javascript:displayWindow('images/ch02fg01.jpg', 288, 216)"><img src="images/tn_ch02fg01.jpg"></a><BR>

</P>



<P>The default choice on the first screen is Yes; you should see a blinking cursor or

highlight near the Yes. If you see the cursor, or highlight option, press Enter and continue onto

the next step. This walkthrough assumes that you have a color monitor.

</P>



<TABLE BGCOLOR=#FFFF99><TR><TD>TIME SAVER</TD></TR><TR><TD>

<BLOCKQUOTE>

When selecting between options on the screen, you can use Tab to change

the selection. If you have overshot your selection you can either press Alt-Tab

to back up, or continue pressing Tab to wrap around to the other choices.

</BLOCKQUOTE>

</TD></TR></TABLE>





<P>The next screen is a welcome screen, stating that the Red Hat installation guide also

details the installation process. If you're ready to begin the install, press Enter.

</P>





<H4><A NAME="ch02_ 7">

Keyboard Selection

</A></H4>



<P>The next screen, shown in Figure 2.2, asks you to select the keyboard type you are

using. If, after we have installed Linux, you want to change to a different keyboard type,

the command /usr/sbin/kbdconfig can be used to change the keyboard type.

</P>



<P>Most of the choices on this screen are for language-specific keyboards. The typical

United</P>





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