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<TITLE>Developer.com - Online Reference Library - 0672311623:SAMS TEACH YOURSELF LINUX IN 24 HOURS:Learning Math and Financial Tools</TITLE>

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<!-- ISBN=0672311623 //-->

<!-- TITLE=SAMS TEACH YOURSELF LINUX IN 24 HOURS //-->

<!-- AUTHOR=BILL BALL, STEPHEN SMOOGEN //-->

<!-- PUBLISHER=MACMILLAN //-->

<!-- IMPRINT=SAMS //-->

<!-- PUBLICATION DATE=1998 //-->

<!-- CHAPTER=17 //-->

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<A NAME="PAGENUM-264"><P>Page 264</P></A>







<!-- CODE //-->

<PRE>...

Initial balance? 2500.00



current balance = 2500.00

transaction? 49.95

current balance = 2450.05

transaction? 32.18

current balance = 2417.87

transaction?

...

</PRE>

<!-- END CODE //-->





<P>This is only one way to use the bc command's language. With a little effort, you can

write your own. But if you'd rather use more complex programs to perform calculations,

you know that you should use a spreadsheet application. The next section discusses the

variety of spreadsheets for Linux.

</P>





<H3><A NAME="ch17_ 10">

Spreadsheets

</A></H3>





<P>Spreadsheet programs offer a convenient way to store and manipulate financial or

scientific data. You can use these programs to help manage your home or a business. Typical

uses involve personal finance, such as tracking loans and investments, or running

business inventory control, personnel worksheets, or accounting tasks.

</P>





<P>You can also use these programs to do forecasting, or &quot;what if&quot; calculations. This can

help you create estimates you can use for home mortgages, auto loans, and even

home construction. You're limited only in your imagination with most of these programs,

and many not only offer the ability to work as a whiz-bang calculator, but will also create

graphic charts so you can graph your data visually.

</P>





<P>Although you won't find any of these programs on your CD-ROM, once you've

connected to your ISP (see Hour 10, &quot;Connecting to the Internet&quot;), you can use the lynx Web

browser or your downloaded copy of Netscape to get copies or more information about them.

If you need to have a spreadsheet program to use with Linux, you're in luck, because at

least a dozen are available, and nearly half come with source code so you can make changes,

add features, or fix problems.

</P>





<H4><A NAME="ch17_ 11">

Using the Public Domain sc Spreadsheet

</A></H4>





<P>The sc (spreadsheet calculator) command (see Figure 17.3) is a freely available,

public domain spreadsheet program. This program is a collective work of nearly 60

programmers, and runs on many different UNIX systems. With a little effort in learning its

commands, you'll be able to build very capable spreadsheets. The

sc program is free, and it comes with source code. A short tutorial and manual page documenting its features is included.

</P>





<P>This program is especially handy if you're running Linux on a small hard drive and

disk space is at a premium. The sc program requires only about 120 kilobytes of disk space,

but provides a lot of features.

</P>













<A NAME="PAGENUM-265"><P>Page 265</P></A>











<P>Using the sc program is easy. You can load programs from the command line when you

start it, or you can load and save programs while it's running. You can run this program

as follows:

</P>



<!-- CODE SNIP //-->

<PRE>

# sc

</PRE>

<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->





<P>If you'd like a quick reference to the sc commands, use the

sc companion command (included with the source code), the

scqref command, and pipe the output through the

nroff

</P>





<P>Figure 17.3.<BR>

The sc spreadsheet<BR> calculator works with<BR> or without the

X<BR> Window System, and<BR> it comes with a short<BR> tutorial.<BR>

<a href="javascript:displayWindow('images/ch17fg03.jpg', 288, 216)"><img src="images/tn_ch17fg03.jpg"></a><BR>

</P>





<P>and less commands. Then either read at your leisure, or redirect to a file you can edit

and print, for example:

</P>



<!-- CODE SNIP //-->

<PRE>

# scqref | nroff -man | less &gt; scref.txt

</PRE>

<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->





<P>To learn how to use the sc spreadsheet program, load the

sc program's tutorial, which you'll find under the

/usr/lib/sc directory:

</P>



<!-- CODE SNIP //-->

<PRE>

# sc /usr/lib/sc/tutorial.sc

</PRE>

<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->





<P>This will run sc and load the tutorial. An included program, called

psc, can help you import text-only data files by converting word processor or other spreadsheet program files.

The sc program has more than 60 built-in functions, and because you get the source code,

you can add your own. One place to find the source code to the

sc spreadsheet is

</P>



<!-- CODE SNIP //-->

<PRE>

<a href="http://www.cdrom.com/pub/linux/slackware_source/ap/sc">

http://www.cdrom.com/pub/linux/slackware_source/ap/sc</A>

</PRE>

<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->





<H4><A NAME="ch17_ 12">

Plotting Graphics with the X11 xspread Spreadsheet

</A></H4>









<A NAME="PAGENUM-266"><P>Page 266</P></A>





<P>If you like the sc spreadsheet program, but would like updated menus and features, you

may want to try the xspread program, by software engineering teams at the University

of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. This program requires that you're running X11, but offers

these additional features:

</P>





<UL>

<LI>          An improved program menu

<LI>          Mouse support to run program features

<LI>          The ability to import Lotus 1-2-3 format files

<LI>          Support to generate and display line, bar, stacked-bar, and pie chart

graphics from spreadsheet data

</UL>





<P>The xspread program works the same way as the

sc spreadsheet program. You can use this program with any

sc spreadsheets you've devised. Along with the sc tutorial, you'll find

an expanded manual detailing the xspread improvements.

</P>





<P>You can also generate graphics with the xspread program. By

selecting Graph, then defining a label range of cells, and a data range of cells, you can quickly generate

visual representations of your data. To print your charts, capture the chart window with the

xv command (see Hour 16, &quot;Graphics Tools&quot;).

</P>





<P>Unlike sc, this program appears to be distributed under the GNU General Public

License, even though its manual page states that

xspread is in the public domain. This means that

the software is free, and you can make any changes you want, but you cannot claim the

program as your own. One source of the xspread spreadsheet package is at this location:

</P>



<!-- CODE //-->

<PRE>

<a href="http://www.cdrom.com/pub/linux/slackware_source/xap/xspread">

http://www.cdrom.com/pub/linux/slackware_source/xap/xspread</A>

</PRE>

<!-- END CODE //-->





<H4><A NAME="ch17_ 13">

Finding and Using the teapot Spreadsheet

</A></H4>





<P>As an alternative to the sc program, you might want to try the

teapot (table editor and planner) spreadsheet program by Michael Haardt. This spreadsheet works under X11 or

your console. The program's menu appears at the bottom of your screen, where you'll find

nearly all of the features of sc and xspread. The

teapot program also has these features:

</P>





<UL>

<LI>          Import of sc and .WK1 spreadsheet files

<LI>          Export of CSV, HTML, LaTeX, or ASCII file formats

<LI>          Three-dimensional spreadsheets

<LI>          Extensive and customized support of keyboard function keys

<LI>          Availability in German, English, or Dutch language versions

</UL>





<P>Although the teapot program does not have the graphics features of the

xspread version of the sc spreadsheet, you'll find that the

teapot spreadsheet has much better documentation, including example programs, and an extensive tutorial that takes you from the concept of

</P>







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