📄 545-546.html
字号:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Special Edition Using Linux, Fourth Edition:Using the emacs Editor</TITLE>
<META NAME="ROBOTS" CONTENT="NOINDEX, NOFOLLOW">
<SCRIPT>
<!--
function displayWindow(url, width, height) {
var Win = window.open(url,"displayWindow",'width=' + width +
',height=' + height + ',resizable=1,scrollbars=yes');
}
//-->
</SCRIPT>
</HEAD>
-->
<!--ISBN=0789717468//-->
<!--TITLE=Special Edition Using Linux, Fourth Edition//-->
<!--AUTHOR=Jack Tackett//-->
<!--AUTHOR=Jr.//-->
<!--AUTHOR=Steve Burnett//-->
<!--PUBLISHER=Macmillan Computer Publishing//-->
<!--IMPRINT=Que//-->
<!--CHAPTER=28//-->
<!--PAGES=545-546//-->
<!--UNASSIGNED1//-->
<!--UNASSIGNED2//-->
<CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR>
<TD><A HREF="543-545.html">Previous</A></TD>
<TD><A HREF="../ewtoc.html">Table of Contents</A></TD>
<TD><A HREF="546-548.html">Next</A></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</CENTER>
<P><BR></P>
<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Suspending <I>emacs</I>
</B></FONT></P>
<P>You can suspend <TT>emacs</TT> —in fact, you can suspend almost any Linux application—by pressing <Ctrl-z>. This keystroke combination places the current application into the background and provides you with another shell prompt. The command to reactivate <TT>emacs</TT> depends on which shell you’re executing. You can type the command <TT><I>fg</I></TT>, which means to bring the background task to the foreground. If the shell you’re using doesn’t understand this command, type <TT><B>exit</B></TT>, which reactivates your <TT>emacs</TT> session with all your files and buffers still intact.</P>
<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Switching Between <I>emacs</I> and Other Virtual Terminals
</B></FONT></P>
<P>Linux provides the user with six virtual terminals—hence, you have six different sessions. While in <TT>emacs</TT> you can press <Ctrl-Alt-F<TT>x</TT> >, where F<TT>x </TT> is one of the keyboard function keys F1 through F6, to activate another terminal. If you haven’t already logged in to a session on that terminal, then you must do so, just like when you’re first booting Linux. You then have a completely active Linux session. To switch back to <TT>emacs</TT>, simply press <Ctrl-Alt-F<TT>x</TT> > again. If you forget which session is running <TT>emacs</TT>, you can cycle through each of the virtual terminals by pressing <Ctrl-Alt> with each function key one by one.</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>See</B> “Managing Users,” <B>p. 107</B><HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>You can also use the <TT>ps</TT> command to display all active processes, as shown in Listing 28.1. The output of the <TT>ps -guax</TT> command indicates which terminal each process is now executing.</P>
<P><B>Listing 28.1</B> Output from the <TT>ps</TT> Command</P>
<!-- CODE //-->
<PRE>
USER PID %CPU %MEM SIZE RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND
root 1 0.5 3.1 44 208 ? S 20:48 0:00 init
root 6 0.0 1.8 24 124 ? S 20:48 0:00 bdflush (daemon)
root 7 0.0 1.9 24 128 ? S 20:48 0:00 update (bdflush)
root 23 0.0 2.9 56 200 ? S 20:48 0:00 /usr/sbin/crond -l10
root 36 0.6 3.5 65 240 ? S 20:48 0:00 /usr/sbin/syslogd
root 38 0.1 2.9 36 200 ? S 20:48 0:00 /usr/sbin/klogd
root 40 0.3 3.2 68 216 ? S 20:48 0:00 /usr/sbin/inetd
root 42 0.1 3.0 64 204 ? S 20:48 0:00 /usr/sbin/lpd
root 47 0.1 6.0 259 404 ? S 20:48 0:00 sendmail:accepting c
root 51 0.1 2.0 32 140 ? S 20:48 0:00 selection -t ms
root 52 1.5 7.2 376 484 v01 S 20:48 0:01 -bash
root 53 0.3 3.4 88 232 v02 S 20:48 0:00 /sbin/getty tty2 3840
root 54 0.3 3.4 88 232 v03 S 20:48 0:00 /sbin/getty tty3 3840
root 55 0.2 3.4 88 232 v04 S 20:48 0:00 /sbin/getty tty4 3840
root 56 0.3 3.4 88 232 v05 S 20:48 0:00 /sbin/getty tty5 3840
root 57 0.3 3.4 88 232 v06 S 20:48 0:00 /sbin/getty tty6 3840
root 67 0.0 3.5 80 240 v01 R 20:49 0:00 ps -guax
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE //-->
<P>You can then use that TTY value, in the range of <TT>v01</TT> to <TT>v06</TT>, to pick the correct virtual terminal. For example, if the <TT>ps</TT> command indicates that <TT>emacs</TT> is now operating on <TT>tty v01</TT> and <TT>tty v02</TT>, pressing <Alt-F1> or <Alt-F2> brings you back to the appropriate <TT>emacs</TT> session.</P>
<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Accessing Linux Commands from Within <I>emacs</I>
</B></FONT></P>
<P>Sometimes all you need to do is a quick check to see whether a file exists or to perform some other quick Linux command; you don’t need a full shell session to perform the action. In that case, you can execute shell commands from within <TT>emacs</TT>. To execute a shell within <TT>emacs</TT>, press <Ctrl-u><Esc><!>. You’re prompted to enter a shell command; enter the command and press <Return>. <TT>emacs</TT> passes the command to the Linux shell, which executes the command.</P>
<P>If you don’t press <Ctrl-u>, <TT>emacs</TT> places the output into a buffer/window called <TT>*Shell Command Output*</TT>. You learn more about windows later in this chapter, but basically windows allow you to see multiple buffers at once. <TT>emacs</TT> provides various commands to move around between windows and to delete windows (without deleting their corresponding buffers). To delete the output window, press <Ctrl-x><1>.</P><P><BR></P>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR>
<TD><A HREF="543-545.html">Previous</A></TD>
<TD><A HREF="../ewtoc.html">Table of Contents</A></TD>
<TD><A HREF="546-548.html">Next</A></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</CENTER>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- begin footer information -->
</body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
复制代码
Ctrl + C
搜索代码
Ctrl + F
全屏模式
F11
切换主题
Ctrl + Shift + D
显示快捷键
?
增大字号
Ctrl + =
减小字号
Ctrl + -