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<TITLE>Developer.com - Online Reference Library - 0672311739:RED HAT LINUX 2ND EDITION:Installation of Your Red Hat System</TITLE>
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<!-- TITLE=RED HAT LINUX 2ND EDITION //-->
<!-- AUTHOR=DAVID PITTS ET AL //-->
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<A NAME="PAGENUM-18"><P>Page 18</P></A>
<P>
program then asks you to select the type of SCSI adapter you have and possibly some
parameters for it; however, most of the time, the installation program can automatically detect
the parameters. If you do not have either an IDE/ATAPI or SCSI CD-ROM drive, choose
other and select the driver for your CD-ROM.
</P>
<P>If you are installing via NFS, choose NFS image. The program asks which network card
you have; you must have one on the list. It then asks for the IP address you will use for
installation, your netmask, the default gateway, and the primary nameserver. See Figure 2.4 for an example.
</P>
<BR>
Figure 2.4.<BR>
TCP/IP configuration.<BR>
<a href="02rhu04.html"><img src="images/tn_02rhu04_jpg.jpg"></a><BR>
<P>Next, as shown in Figure 2.5, the program asks for the domain name of your system,
your hostname (the name of your computer), and a secondary and tertiary nameserver (you
don't need these if you don't have them).
</P>
<BR>
Figure 2.5.<BR>
Network configuration.<BR>
<a href="02rhu05.html"><img src="images/tn_02rhu05_jpg.jpg"></a><BR>
<P>Then the program asks about your NFS server. Enter the address of the server and the
directory that contains the Red Hat directory in the NFS Setup dialog box, as shown in Figure 2.6.
</P>
<P>If you are installing Red Hat Linux using either FTP or SMB, you must have a
supported network card. The installation program asks what card you have, just as in an NFS install.
</P>
<P>The installation program presents you with the network configuration dialog box, just as
in the NFS installation (refer to Figure 2.5). The installation program then asks for
information for the FTP server (see Figure 2.7) or the SMB server (see Figure 2.8).
</P>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-19"><P>Page 19</P></A>
<BR>
Figure 2.6.<BR>
NFS information.<BR>
<a href="02rhu06.html"><img src="images/tn_02rhu06_jpg.jpg"></a><BR>
<BR>
<BR>
Figure 2.7.<BR>
The FTP Setup dialog box.<BR>
<a href="02rhu07.html"><img src="images/tn_02rhu07_jpg.jpg"></a><BR>
<BR>
<BR>
Figure 2.8.<BR>
The SMB Setup dialog box.<BR>
<a href="02rhu08.html"><img src="images/tn_02rhu08_jpg.jpg"></a><BR>
<P>After you finish selecting which method to use and completing the appropriate
information for the method, the installation program asks whether you want to install or upgrade in
the Installation Path dialog box, as shown in Figure 2.9. You should choose Upgrade only if
you currently have a previous version of Red Hat Linux, which is based on RPM technology,
installed on your system. Otherwise, choose Install.
</P>
<H4><A NAME="ch02_ 13">
Disk Partitioning
</A></H4>
<P>If you choose Install, the installation program automatically starts the Linux
fdisk utility, which sets up the partitions on your hard drive.
</P>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-20"><P>Page 20</P></A>
<BR>
Figure 2.9.<BR>
Choose Install or Upgrade.<BR>
<a href="02rhu09.html"><img src="images/tn_02rhu09_jpg.jpg"></a><BR>
<BR>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BGCOLOR="#FFFF99">
<TR><TD><B>
WARNING
</B></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
This is the most volatile step of the entire procedure. If you mess up here, you could
delete your entire hard drive. I highly recommend, therefore, that you make a backup of
your current system before proceeding with the disk partitioning.
</BLOCKQUOTE></TD></TR>
</TABLE></CENTER>
</P>
<P>Here are some commands and a walkthrough of using
fdisk:
</P>
<UL>
<LI> m provides a listing of the available commands.
<LI> p provides a listing of the current partition information.
<LI> n adds a new partition.
<LI> t sets or changes the partition type.
<LI> l provides a listing of the different partition types and their ID numbers.
<LI> w saves your information and quits
fdisk.
</UL>
<P>The first thing you will want to do is use p to check the current partition information.
You need to first add your root partition. Use n to create a new partition and then select
either e or p for extended or primary partition. Most likely you will want to create a primary
partition. You are asked what partition number should be assigned to it, at which cylinder the
partition should start (you will be given a range—just choose the lowest number), and the size of
the partition. For example, for a 500MB partition, you would enter
+500M for the size when asked.
</P>
<P>You will now want to create your swap partition. Some thought must be given to the size
of this partition. The swap partition is used for swapping the unused information in your
RAM to disk to make room for more information. You should have at least 16MB total
between your RAM and swap space. If you are running X Window, you should have at least
32MB between them.
</P>
<P>The problem with using the generic formula mentioned previously is that it doesn't take
into consideration what the user may be doing. A better estimate of the amount of swapping
you need is given below. Note that if you run out of swap space, your system will thrash
about trying to move memory pages into and out of the swap space, which will take your system
to its knees.
</P>
<P>A better estimate of how much RAM you need is to figure out the size of all the programs
you would run at one time. Add this total to 8MB (to cover the OS). If this number is less
than 32MB, then use 32MB; otherwise, use the actual value.
</P>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-21"><P>Page 21</P></A>
<P>You should always configure some swapping space regardless of how much RAM you
have. Even a small amount of swapping space will have good results on a system with a lot of
RAM. For example, on my system I have 64MB of RAM, which is more than enough for all of
the programs I run. I still have 32MB of swap space for those programs that I have running but
am not actively using.
</P>
<P>To create your swap partition, you need to use
n for a new partition. Choose either primary or extended; you will most likely need primary. Give the partition a number and tell it where
the first cylinder should be. Lastly, tell fdisk how big you want your swap partition. You then
need to change the partition type to Linux swap. Enter
t to change the type and enter the partition number of your swap partition. Enter
82 for the hex code for the Linux swap partition.
</P>
<P>Now that you have created your Linux and Linux swap partitions, it is time to add any
additional partitions you might need (for example, Windows 95). Use
n again to create a new partition, and enter all the information just as before. After you enter the size of the partition,
you need to change the partition type. Enter l to get a listing of the hex codes for the
different partition types. Find the type of partition you need and use
t to change the partition type. Keep repeating this procedure until all your partitions are created. You can create up to
four primary partitions; then you must start putting extended partitions into each primary
partition.
</P>
<P>After your partitions are created, the installation program will look for Linux swap
partitions and ask to initialize them. Choose the swap partitions you want to initialize, check the
Check for bad blocks during format box, and press OK. This formats the partition and makes it
active so Linux can use it.
</P>
<P>Next, the program asks where you want your root partition to be, if you are performing a
full install. If you are upgrading, the installation program will find it by itself.
</P>
<P>If you have any partitions for other operating systems, the installation program asks you
which ones are for what operating systems (see Figure 2.10).
</P>
<BR>
Figure 2.10.<BR>
The Partition Disk<BR>
dialog box.<BR>
<a href="02rhu10.html"><img src="images/tn_02rhu10_jpg.jpg"></a><BR>
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