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<!-- ISBN=0672311739 //-->
<!-- TITLE=RED HAT LINUX 2ND EDITION //-->
<!-- AUTHOR=DAVID PITTS ET AL //-->
<!-- PUBLISHER=MACMILLAN //-->
<!-- IMPRINT=SAMS PUBLISHING //-->
<!-- PUBLICATION DATE=1998 //-->
<!-- CHAPTER=10 //-->
<!-- PAGES=0175-0194 //-->
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<A NAME="PAGENUM-189"><P>Page 189</P></A>
<TABLE BGCOLOR=#FFFF99><TR><TD><B>CAUTION</b></TD></TR><TR><TD><BLOCKQUOTE>
The xmkmf shell script actually runs the imake command with a set of arguments. The
most common argument is the -DUseInstalled argument. If you examine
xmkmf (look in /usr/X11R6/bin/), you will see that the
xmkmf script is a basic wrapper around a call to
imake. It's very tempting to use imake on a command line by itself. Do not do so. Run the
imake command with the -DUseInstalled argument if you must run
imake on the command line.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>Of course, before ever running xmkmf, you should read the documentation that usually
comes with such packages.</P>
<P>Run xmkmf in the directory that contains the
Imakefile. If there is a hierarchy of directories with
Imakefiles, you usually only have to run xmkmf in the root directory of that hierarchy.
</P>
<P>The xmkmf command builds the Makefiles in all directories in the hierarchy.
</P>
<P>Then you should run the make command with an argument to let
make resolve its dependencies, using the following command:
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //--><PRE>
$ make depend
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
</PRE>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BGCOLOR="#FFFF99">
<TR><TD><B>
TIP
</B></TD></TR>
<TR><TD>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
Don't be afraid if include files, such as
stddef.h, varargs.h, and so on, are not found. They are
gcc proprietary header files, and therefore not in the standard
include directories.
</BLOCKQUOTE></TD></TR>
</TABLE></CENTER>
</P>
<P>After that, you can make the program by running
make, and you can install your new utility (usually in
/usr/X11R6/bin) by running this line:
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
$ make install
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P>The installation of the man pages is accomplished by running
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
$ make install.man
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<H3><A NAME="ch10_ 18">
Some Common Problems
</A></H3>
<P>Some of the problems you might see when you work with XFree86 are outlined in the
following:
</P>
<UL>
<LI> No windows—all you get is a gray background and no windows. This is due
to running without a window manager. Running X only starts the X server, not
the window manager. You should use the startx script in
usr/X11/R6/bin/startx.
</UL>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-190"><P>Page 190</P></A>
<UL>
<LI> Your Logitech serial mouse does not work. The keyword
Logitech is reserved for older Logitech serial mice. Use the keyword
MouseMan (or Microsoft) for newer mice. Logitech serial mice plugged into a PS/2 port require the keyword
PS/2.
<LI> You get errors about not finding any font files. First check the
XF86Config file to see whether the directories in the font path are named correctly and contain fonts. If
they are correct, run mkfontdir in each of those directories to set them up for use with X.
<LI> After leaving X, your screen fonts are not restored. This is a known bug with
some servers. There are utilities called runx or
restoretext included with svgalib that can help you in most cases. You can get them from
sunsite.unc.edu in the file
/pub/Linux/libs/graphics/svgalib-1.2.10.tar.gz.
<LI> You will have some problems on uncommon, extremely new, or extremely old
cards. This is what you have to live with when you are dealing with freeware.
<LI> The server dies with the message
Cannot find a free VT. XFree86 needs a free
virtual terminal (VT) on which to run. So if you have put a
getty process on every virtual console in your
/etc/inittab, XFree86 is not able to start. The common practice is
to leave /dev/tty8 (for kernel messages) and
/dev/tty7 (for XFree86) free of a getty process.
</UL>
<P>This is not an exhaustive list. Read the HOWTO documents in
/usr/docs on the CD-ROM for more information about other video card problems that are too specific to list here.
</P>
<H3><A NAME="ch10_ 19">
Compiling Sources for XFree86
</A></H3>
<P>You do not typically want to compile sources for XFree86 unless you really want to make
changes to the sources because something is not working. You will need a lot of disk space and
CPU time to do a complete build of the XFree86 system. Anything you need to know for
compiling XFree86, you can find in the following files (in
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc): INSTALL, README, and
README.Linux.
</P>
<P>Note that you should not compile XFree86 to get rid of hard-coded restrictions (on the
maximal pixel clock, for example) because without these restrictions, your hardware will
probably break down.
</P>
<P>To build a server that includes only those drivers you need, you should use the
LinkKit instead of compiling the complete system. This is a little easier than trying to build it from
scratch. The LinkKit package is specific and complicated and is therefore beyond the scope of this chapter.
</P>
<P>Read /usr/X11R6/lib/Server/README for a description of how to use
LinkKit. This file is not included in the standard XFree86
tar files but is part of the file that includes the
LinkKit. You can find the LinkKit at
www.xfree86.org.
</P>
<P>For adding drivers to the SVGA servers, you need the
LinkKit only.
</P>
<P>The documentation on how to build servers can be found in the
/usr/X11R6/lib/Server/VGADriverDoc directory after installing the LinkKit package.
</P>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-191"><P>Page 191</P></A>
<H3><A NAME="ch10_ 20">
Summary
</A></H3>
<P>This chapter covers the topic of configuring the XFree86 system. After reading this
chapter, you should have an idea of how to set up your
XF86Config file to generate your X environment. Just remember to start with the basic configuration settings for VGA cards and then make
enhancements. Keep backups of your work and do not change the video settings unless you
know what you are doing. If nothing works despite your best efforts, you have the recourse of
knowing where to look for answers in FAQs, newsgroups, and FTP sites on the Internet for
HOWTO and other documents on Linux.
</P>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-192"><P>Page 192</P></A>
<h3><A NAME="1739_ 0">Part III</h3></A>
<P><B>In This Part
</P></B>
<LI> Filesystems, Disks, and Other Devices 195
<LI> Printing with Linux 229
<LI> TCP/IP Network Management 243
<H2>
Hardware<BR>
Connectivity and<BR>
Devices
</H2>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-193"><P>Page 193</P></A>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-194"><P>Page 194</P></A>
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