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<!--TITLE=Linux in Plain English//-->
<!--AUTHOR=Patrick Volkerding//-->
<!--AUTHOR=Kevin Reichard//-->
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<H3><A NAME="Heading6"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Pipes</FONT></H3>
<P>A pipe, as noted by |, is merely one additional redirection tool. It has the advantage of working directly with commands, telling one command to use as input the output of another command. Here’s how it is used:
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<PRE>
$ <I>command1</I> | <I>command2</I>
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<P>The combination of commands and a pipe symbol is called a <I>pipeline</I>. Pipes are often used when preparing files for printing.</P>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading7"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">X Window System Options</FONT></H4>
<P>Throughout Chapter 5 there are X Window System commands. These commands share a common set of command-line options. Rather than listing these options with every command, we’re listing them here.
</P>
<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><TR>
<TH WIDTH="40%" ALIGN="LEFT">OPTION
<TH WIDTH="60%" ALIGN="LEFT">PURPOSE
<TR>
<TD><B>-background <I>red green blue</I></B>
<TD>Sets the background color to <I>red</I> <I>green blue</I>.
<TR>
<TD><B>-background <I>color</I></B>
<TD>Uses <I>color</I> for the window background.
<TR>
<TD><B>-bg <I>color</I></B>
<TD>Uses <I>color</I> for the window background.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-display <I>host:disp_num</I></B>
<TD>Connects to a display, as specified with a <I>disp_num-</I>numbered <I>X server</I> (which is almost always 0) on a given <I>host.</I>
<TR>
<TD><B>-fg <I>color</I></B>
<TD>Uses <I>color</I> for the window Foreground.
<TR>
<TD><B>-fn <I>fontname</I></B>
<TD>Uses a specified <I>fontname.</I>
<TR>
<TD><B>-font <I>fontname</I></B>
<TD>Uses a specified font.
<TR>
<TD><B>-foreground_color <I>red green blue</I></B>
<TD VALIGN="TOP">Sets the foreground color to <I>red green blue</I>.
<TR>
<TD><B>-foreground <I>color</I></B>
<TD>Uses <I>color</I> for the window foreground.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-geometry <I>WidthxHeight+x+y</I></B>
<TD>Sets the window size (<B>Widthx Height<I>)</I></B> and position (<I>x+y)</I>.
<TR>
<TD><B>-geometry <I>WidthxHeight</I></B>
<TD>Sets the window size.
<TR>
<TD><B>-geometry <I>+x+y</I></B>
<TD>Sets the position of a window’s upper-left corner.
<TR>
<TD><B>-height <I>rows</I></B>
<TD>Sets the height of base window in <I>rows</I>.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-position <I>x y</I></B>
<TD>Sets the location of the upper-left corner of window, in <I>x y</I> pixels.
<TR>
<TD><B>-reverse</B>
<TD>Reverses the foreground and background colors.
<TR>
<TD><B>-rv</B>
<TD>Reverses the foreground and background colors.
<TR>
<TD><B>-<I>size width height</I></B>
<TD>Sets the window size, in <I>width x height</I> pixels.
<TR>
<TD><B>-Wb <I>red green blue</I></B>
<TD>Sets the background to <I>red green blue</I>.
<TR>
<TD><B>-Wf <I>red green blue</I></B>
<TD>Sets the foreground color to <I>red green blue</I>.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-WG <I>WidthxHeight+x+y</I></B>
<TD>Sets window size <I>(<B>Widthx Height</B></I>) and position <I>(x+y)</I>.
<TR>
<TD><B>-WG <I>WidthxHeight</I></B>
<TD>Sets the window size.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-WG <I>+x+y</I></B>
<TD>Sets the position of window’s upper-left corner, in <I>x y</I> pixels.
<TR>
<TD><B>-Wh rows</B>
<TD>Sets the height of the base window in <I>rows</I>.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-Wi</B>
<TD>Starts window as an icon, rather than as a full window.
<TR>
<TD><B>-width <I>columns</I></B>
<TD>Sets the width of the base window in <I>columns</I>.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-Wp <I>x y</I></B>
<TD>Sets the location of the upper-left corner of window in <I>x y</I> pixels.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-Wr <I>host:disp_num</I></B>
<TD>Connects to a display, as specified with a <I>disp_num</I>-numbered X server (which is almost always 0) on a given <I>host</I>.
<TR>
<TD><B>-Ws <I>width height</I></B>
<TD>Sets the base window size in <I>width x height</I> pixels.
<TR>
<TD><B>-Wt <I>fontname</I></B>
<TD>Uses specified <I>fontname</I>.
<TR>
<TD><B>-Ww <I>columns</I></B>
<TD>Sets the width of the base window in <I>columns</I>.
</TABLE>
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