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<TITLE>Linux in Plain English:Linux Commands Organized by Group</TITLE>

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<!--ISBN=1558285423//-->

<!--TITLE=Linux in Plain English//-->

<!--AUTHOR=Patrick Volkerding//-->

<!--AUTHOR=Kevin Reichard//-->

<!--PUBLISHER=IDG Books Worldwide, Inc.//-->

<!--IMPRINT=M & T Books//-->

<!--CHAPTER=5//-->

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<TD><A HREF="312-316.html">Previous</A></TD>

<TD><A HREF="../ewtoc.html">Table of Contents</A></TD>

<TD><A HREF="323-327.html">Next</A></TD>

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<P><BR></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>EDITING COMMANDS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="35%"><B>Left arrow, Esc-h</B>

<TD WIDTH="65%">Moves the cursor one space to the left.

<TR>

<TD><B>Right arrow, Esc-l</B>

<TD>Moves the cursor one space to the right.

<TR>

<TD><B>Ctrl-left-arrow,</B><BR><B>Esc-b, Esc-left-arrow</B>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Moves the cursor one word to the left.

<TR>

<TD><B>Ctrl-right-arrow,</B><BR><B>Esc-w, Esc-right-arrow</B>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Moves the cursor one word to the right.

<TR>

<TD><B>Home, Esc-0</B>

<TD>Moves the cursor to the beginning of the line.

<TR>

<TD><B>End, Esc-$</B>

<TD>Moves the cursor to the end of the line.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>Backspace</B>

<TD>Deletes the character to the left of the cursor, or cancels a command.

<TR>

<TD><B>Delete, Esc-x</B>

<TD>Deletes the character under the cursor.

<TR>

<TD><B>Ctrl-Backspace,</B><BR><B>Esc-Backspace</B>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Deletes the word to the left of the cursor.

<TR>

<TD><B>Ctrl-Delete, Esc-X,</B><BR><B>Esc-Delete</B>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Deletes the word under the cursor.

<TR>

<TD><B>Up arrow, Esc-k</B>

<TD>Retrieves the previous command line.

<TR>

<TD><B>Down arrow, Esc-j</B>

<TD>Retrieves the next command line.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>Tab</B>

<TD>Completes a partial filename. If more than one filename matches, the potential filenames are cycled through every time <B>tab</B> is used.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>Esc-tab</B>

<TD>Completes a partial filename. If more than one filename matches, the potential filenames are cycled in reverse through every time <B>tab</B> is used.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>Ctrl-L</B>

<TD>Complete a partial filename. If more than one filename matches, all the potential filenames are displayed.

<TR>

<TD><B>Ctrl-U</B>

<TD>Deletes a command line or cancels a command.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>RELATED COMMAND</I></B></FONT></P>

<DL>

<DD><B>more</B>

</DL>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>look......<TT>Looks for Lines</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>look</B> <I>option(s) string file</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>look</B> command looks for lines beginning with <I>string</I>. If <I>file</I> isn&#146;t specified, then <B>/usr/dict/words</B> is used.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="20%"><B>-a</B>

<TD WIDTH="80%">Uses the alternate dictionary <B>/usr/dict/web2</B>.

<TR>

<TD><B>-d</B>

<TD>Compares only alphanumeric characters.

<TR>

<TD><B>-f</B>

<TD>Ignore case.

<TR>

<TD><B>-t</B>

<TD>Sets a string termination character.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>RELATED COMMANDS</I></B></FONT></P>

<DL>

<DD><B>grep</B>

<DD><B>sort</B>

</DL>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>lpq......<TT>Checks Print Spool</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>lpq</B> <I>option(s) user</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>lpq</B> checks the print spool (used by <B>lpd</B>) and also reports on the status of specified jobs, either by job-ID or user. By itself on a command line, <B>lpq</B> returns information about all jobs in the queue.</P>

<P>The <B>lpq</B> command reports the user&#146;s name, current rank in the queue, the names of files comprising the job, the job identifier, and the total size in bytes.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="20%" VALIGN="TOP"><B>-l</B>

<TD WIDTH="80%">Prints information about each of the files in a job entry; the default is to truncate information at a single line.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-P<I>printer</I></B>

<TD>Designates a specific printer; the default is the value of the PRINTER environment variable or the default line printer.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>RELATED COMMANDS</I></B></FONT></P>

<DL>

<DD><B>lpc</B>

<DD><B>lpd</B>

<DD><B>lpr</B>

<DD><B>lprm</B>

</DL>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>lpr......<TT>Line Printer</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>lpr</B> <I>option(s) file(s)</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>lpr</B> sends files to a print-spool daemon, when then sends files to the printer when it is available. The file options are used to designate specific types of files (the assumption is that a text file is on the way), so the printer can adjust accordingly.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>FILE OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="15%"><B>-c</B>

<TD WIDTH="85%">Assumes the files are produced by <B>cifplot</B>.

<TR>

<TD><B>-d</B>

<TD>Assumes the files are produced by TeX (DVI format).

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-f</B>

<TD>Uses a filter that interprets the first character of each line as a standard FORTRAN carriage-control character.

<TR>

<TD><B>-g</B>

<TD>Assumes the files are produced by <B>plot</B> routines.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-l</B>

<TD>Filters control characters as printable characters and suppresses page breaks.

<TR>

<TD><B>-n</B>

<TD>Assumes the files are produced by <B>ditroff</B>.

<TR>

<TD><B>-p</B>

<TD>Uses the <B>pr</B> command to format the files (same as <B>print</B>).

<TR>

<TD><B>-t</B>

<TD>Assumes the files are produced by <B>troff</B>.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-v</B>

<TD>Assumes the files contain a raster image for devices like the Benson Varian.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>GENERAL OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="20%"><B>-C <I>class</I></B>

<TD WIDTH="80%">Specifies a job classification on the burst page.

<TR>

<TD><B>-h</B>

<TD>Suppresses printing of the burst page.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-i [<I>cols</I>]</B>

<TD>Indents the output <I>num</I> number of columns. If no <I>num</I> is specified, then each line will be indented eight characters.

<TR>

<TD><B>-m</B>

<TD>Sends mail when print job is complete.

<TR>

<TD><B>-P<I>printer</I></B>

<TD>Sends output to <I>printer</I>.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-r</B>

<TD>Removes file upon completion of spooling or upon completion of printing (with the <B>-s</B> option).

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-s</B>

<TD>Uses symbolic links, instead of copying files to the spool directory. If you do this, do not change files until they have been printed.

<TR>

<TD><B>-T <I>title</I></B>

<TD>Specifies a <I>title</I> name for <B>pr</B>, instead of the filename.

<TR>

<TD><B>-U <I>user</I></B>

<TD>Specifies a <I>user</I> name to print on the burst page.

<TR>

<TD><B>-w<I>num</I></B>

<TD>Uses <I>num</I> as the page width for <B>pr</B>.

<TR>

<TD><B>-#<I>num</I></B>

<TD>Prints <I>num</I> copies of each file.

<TR>

<TD><B>-[<I>num</I>]<I>font</I></B>

<TD>Specifies a <I>font</I> to be mounted on font position <I>num</I>.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>RELATED COMMANDS</I></B></FONT></P>

<DL>

<DD><B>lpc</B>

<DD><B>lpd</B>

<DD><B>lpq</B>

<DD><B>lprm</B>

<DD><B>pr</B>

</DL>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>lprm......<TT>Removes Print Jobs</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>lprm</B> <I>option(s) job-ID username</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>lprm</B> command removes print jobs from the print spool. Use the <B>lpq</B> command to determine the job-IDs. You must own the job or be the superuser in order to remove print jobs.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="20%"><B>-P<I>printer</I></B>

<TD WIDTH="80%">Specifies a <I>printer</I> queue instead of the default.

<TR>

<TD>-

<TD>Removes jobs owned by <I>user</I>.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>RELATED COMMANDS</I></B></FONT></P>

<DL>

<DD><B>lpd</B>

<DD><B>lpq</B>

<DD><B>lpr</B>

</DL>

<P><BR></P>

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