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<!--ISBN=1558285423//-->

<!--TITLE=Linux in Plain English//-->

<!--AUTHOR=Patrick Volkerding//-->

<!--AUTHOR=Kevin Reichard//-->

<!--PUBLISHER=IDG Books Worldwide, Inc.//-->

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<P><BR></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>diskseek......<TT>Disk Seek Daemon</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>diskseek</B> <I>option(s)</I></P>

<P><B>diskseekd</B> <I>option(s)</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>diskseek</B> command accesses the floppy drive to clear the dust out. (Really!) There are two ways to call this command. You can use <B>diskseek</B> to access the drive once, or you can use <B>diskseekd</B> to access the drive every 16 minutes.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="30%"><B>-d <I>drive</I></B>

<TD WIDTH="70%">Sets the drive to access; the default is drive 0 (<B>/dev/fd0</B>).

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-i <I>interval</I></B>

<TD>Sets the <I>interval</I> (in seconds) to access the drive, if you&#146;re running <B>diskseekd</B>. The default is 1000 seconds. You can combine <B>diskseekd</B> with an interval of 0, which is useful when using <B>diskseek</B> from a <B>crontab</B>.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-p <I>pidfile</I></B>

<TD>Stores the process ID of the <B>diskseekd</B> daemon in <I>pidfile</I> instead of the default <B>/var/run/diskseekd.pid</B>.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>du......<TT>Disk Usage</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>du</B> <I>option(s) file(s) directory</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>du</B> command lists how much disk space is used by a file or a directory (as well as all of its subdirectories) in 1K blocks. If no file or directory is named, the default is the current directory.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="20%"><B>-a</B>

<TD WIDTH="80%">Returns information about all files, not just directories.

<TR>

<TD><B>-b</B>

<TD>Returns information in bytes, not blocks.

<TR>

<TD><B>-c</B>

<TD>Totals all files and directories listed.

<TR>

<TD><B>-D</B>

<TD>Includes symbolic links that are command lines.

<TR>

<TD><B>-k</B>

<TD>Returns information in kilobytes (default).

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-l</B>

<TD>Totals all files, including links that may already be counted.

<TR>

<TD><B>-L</B>

<TD>Includes symbolic links.

<TR>

<TD><B>-r</B>

<TD>Reports if <B>du</B> cannot access a file or directory.

<TR>

<TD><B>-s</B>

<TD>Works in silent mode, reporting only totals.

<TR>

<TD><B>-S</B>

<TD>Excludes subdirectories from totals.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>RELATED COMMANDS</I></B></FONT></P>

<DL>

<DD><B>df</B>

</DL>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>fdisk......<TT>Disk Partitioner</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>fdisk</B> <I>option(s) device</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>fdisk</B> command creates and deletes partitions on a hard disk. A hard disk device is usually one of the following:</P>

<DL>

<DD><B>/dev/hdb</B>

<DD><B>/dev/sda</B>

<DD><B>/dev/sdb</B>

</DL>

<P>The partition is specified with a partition number following the device name. For example, the first partition on the first hard drive is <B>/dev/hda1</B>.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="20%" VALIGN="TOP"><B>-l</B>

<TD WIDTH="80%">Lists partition tables for all known hard drives and then exits.

<TR>

<TD><B>-s<I>partition</I></B>

<TD>Prints the size of a non-DOS <I>partition</I>.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>fdmount......<TT>Mount Floppy</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>fdmount</B> <I>option(s)</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>fdmount</B> mounts a floppy disk. This can be either a Linux-formatted floppy or an MS-DOS floppy. It also checks whether the disk is write-protected, in which case it is mounted read-only.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="25%"><B>-d</B>

<TD WIDTH="75%">Runs in daemon mode.

<TR>

<TD><B>--detach</B>

<TD>Runs daemon in background, and detaches it from its tty.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-f</B>

<TD>Attempts a mount or unmount operation even when <B>/etc/mtab</B> says that the drive is already mounted or not mounted, respectively.

<TR>

<TD><B>-h</B>

<TD>Shows short parameter description.

<TR>

<TD><B>-i <I>interval</I></B>

<TD>Sets the polling interval for daemon mode.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-l</B>

<TD>Lists all known drives with their symbolic name, type, and mount status.

<TR>

<TD><B>-p <I>file</I></B>

<TD>Dumps the process ID of the daemon to <I>file</I>.

<TR>

<TD><B>--nodev</B>

<TD>Mounts with the NODEV option.

<TR>

<TD><B>--noexec</B>

<TD>Mounts with the NOEXEC option.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>--nosuid</B>

<TD>Mounts with the NOSUID option. Ignored for MS-DOS filesystems.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>--nosync</B>

<TD>Mounts without the SYNC option, even when not running as daemon.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>-o <I>option</I></B>

<TD>Sets filesystem-specific options for MS-DOS: <I>check</I>, <I>conv</I>, <I>dotsOK</I>, <I>debug</I>, <I>fat</I>, <I>quiet</I>, <I>blocksize</I>.

<TR>

<TD><B>-r</B>

<TD>Mounts the disk read-only.

<TR>

<TD><B>-s</B>

<TD>Mounts with the SYNC option.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>RELATED COMMANDS</I></B></FONT></P>

<DL>

<DD><B>mount</B>

<DD><B>mmount</B>

<DD><B>superformat</B>

<DD><B>floppycontrol</B>

<DD><B>setfdprm</B>

</DL>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>fdrawcmd......<TT>Floppy Controller</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>fdrawcmd</B> <I>option(s)</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>fdrawcmd</B> sends raw commands to the floppy-disk controller. You must have write permission to the selected drive.</P>

<P>There are a number of commands associated with this command. See the online-manual pages for more information.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTIONS</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>All numbers may be given in octal (0209), decimal (137), or hexadecimal (0x89).

</P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><TR>

<TD WIDTH="30%"><B><I>command</I></B>

<TD WIDTH="70%">Sends <I>command</I> directly.

<TR>

<TD><B>drive=<I>drive</I></B>

<TD>Specifies the drive; the default is 0 (<B>/dev/fd0</B>).

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>length=<I>length</I></B>

<TD>Sets the length of the transferred data for commands reading from and writing to the disk.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>mode</B>

<TD>Specifies various flags or&#146;ed together describing the properties of the <I>command</I>.

<TR>

<TD><B><I>parameter</I></B>

<TD>Sets a parameter for the <I>command</I>.

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP"><B>rate=<I>rate</I></B>

<TD>Specifies the data-transfer rate: 0 for high density, 1 for double-density 5.25-inch disks, and 2 for double-density 3.5-inch disks.

<TR>

<TD><B>repeat=<I>count</I></B>

<TD>Repeats a command <I>count</I> times.

</TABLE>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>fdformat......<TT>Floppy Format</TT></B></FONT></P>

<P><B>fdformat</B> <I>option device</I></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>PURPOSE</I></B></FONT></P>

<P>The <B>fdformat</B> is used to format a floppy drive. This is formatted in the Linux format, not in the normal DOS format. Floppy device names are usually <B>/dev/fd0</B> or <B>/dev/fd1</B>.</P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>OPTION</I></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%">

<TR>

<TD WIDTH="20%"><B>-n</B>

<TD WIDTH="80%">Skips formatting verification.

</TABLE>

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