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<UL>

	<LI><A HREF="#Heading1">- 33 -</A>

	<UL>

		<LI><A HREF="#Heading2">Interviews</A>

		<UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading3">What Is the Interviews System?</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading4">How to Get and Install Interviews</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading5">TIP</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading6">Sample Applications</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading7">FIGURE 33.1.</A>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading8">FIGURE 33.2.</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading9">Listing 33.1. The</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading10">binary files for Interviews.</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading11">TIP</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading12">idraw</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading13">FIGURE 33.3.</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading14">TIP</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading15">idraws Pull-Down Menus</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading16">Changes to Xdefaults</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading17">ibuild</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading18">FIGURE 33.4.</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading19">TIP</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading20">TIP</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading21">TIP</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading22">NOTE</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading23">NOTE</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading24">NOTE</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading25">CAUTION</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading26">ibuilds Pull-Down Menus</A>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading27">Generating Source Files</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading28">NOTE</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading29">Subclasses</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading30">Code Generation</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading31">Additional Resources in Xdefaults</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading32">Building an Application with ibuild</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading33">FIGURE 33.5.</A>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading34">FIGURE 33.6.</A>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading35">FIGURE 33.7.</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading36">NOTE</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading37">FIGURE 33.8.</A>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading38">NOTE</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading39">CAUTION</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading40">CAUTION</A>

			<UL>

				<LI><A HREF="#Heading41">Adding Interactors</A>

				<UL>

					<LI><A HREF="#Heading42">FIGURE 33.9.</A>

					<LI><A HREF="#Heading43">FIGURE 33.10.</A>

					<LI><A HREF="#Heading44">FIGURE 33.11.</A>

				</UL>

			</UL>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading45">NOTE</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading46">Listing 33.2. The Sample</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading47">1.h file.</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading48">Listing 33.3.</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading49">The Sample1.c file.</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading50">Listing 33.4.</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading51">Adding code to the callback function.</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading52">NOTE</A>

			<LI><A HREF="#Heading53">Summary</A>

		</UL>

	</UL>

</UL>



<P>

<HR SIZE="4">



<H2 ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="Heading1<FONT COLOR="#000077">- 33 -</FONT></H2>

<H2 ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="Heading2<FONT COLOR="#000077">Interviews</FONT></H2>

<P><I>by Kamran Husain</I></P>

<P>IN THIS CHAPTER</P>



<UL>

	<LI>What Is the Interviews System?

	<P>

	<LI>How to Get and Install Interviews

	<P>

	<LI>Sample Applications

	<P>

	<LI>idraw<TT></TT>

	<P>

	<LI><BR>

	Changes to Xdefaults

	<P>

	<LI>ibuild<TT></TT>

	<P>

	<LI><BR>

	Code Generation

	<P>

	<LI>Building an Application with ibuild

</UL>



<P><BR>

In this chapter, you will learn about the Interviews C++ class library development

system. You will learn about the tools available for Interviews and how to use them

to create front-end GUI applications.</P>

<P>Interviews offers a rich set of C++ functionality and tools for building applications.

This chapter can't possibly do it justice in the space provided. By reading to the

end of the chapter, though, you will get a feel for creating truly object-oriented

applications using Interviews.</P>

<P>To get the most out of this chapter, you need some knowledge of how to run the

C++ compiler and how to program in object-oriented languages. If you have not already

done so, you should install the X window package with at least Motif window manager

(<TT>mwm</TT>) or the OPEN LOOK manager (<TT>olwm</TT>).

<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="Heading3<FONT COLOR="#000077">What Is the Interviews

System?</FONT></H3>

<P>The Interviews subsystem is a windowing system for X Window. Interviews is copyrighted

by The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University. Interviews was

developed by Mark Linton's group at Stanford.</P>

<P>What makes Interviews an interesting environment is that it provides an object-oriented

approach to building user interfaces. All components within Interviews, such as windows,

menus, scrollbars, and so on, are objects with inherited behavior. The name Interviews

is derived from the package presenting an interactive view of some data. For example,

a front end to a database provides an interactive view to the data in the database.

<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="Heading4<FONT COLOR="#000077">How to Get and Install

Interviews</FONT></H3>

<P>The Interviews kit is distributed in two packages: iv1 and iv2. The first package,

iv1, contains the binary and source files for the libraries. The second package includes

the man pages and a PostScript reference manual for the Interviews system.</P>

<P>The Interviews package is included on the CD that comes with this book.



<DL>

	<DT></DT>

</DL>





<DL>

	<DD>

<HR>

<A NAME="Heading5<FONT COLOR="#000077"><B>TIP:</B> </FONT>I recommend that

	you print the PostScript version of the Interviews manual if you plan on developing

	any applications in Interviews. This manual is in the file <TT>/usr/doc/interviews/

	refman.PS</TT>. You need a PostScript printer to print this document, or you can

	view this manual via <TT>ghostscript</TT>.

</DL>



<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="Heading6<FONT COLOR="#000077">Sample Applications</FONT></H3>

<P>The Interviews package comes with several applications found in the <TT>/usr/interviews</TT>/<TT>bin</TT>

directory. Applications to give you an idea of some of Interviews' potential are

shown in the <TT>dclock</TT> and <TT>idemo</TT> applications, shown in Figures 33.1

and 33.2.<BR>

<BR>

<A NAME="Heading7<A HREF="../art/33/28lnx01a.jpg"><FONT COLOR="#000077"><B>FIGURE

33.1</B>.</FONT></A><FONT COLOR="#000077"> </FONT><I>The Interviews <TT>dclock</TT>

application.</I>

<H6></H6>

<P><A NAME="Heading8<A HREF="../art/33/28lnx02.jpg"><FONT COLOR="#000077"><B>FIGURE

33.2.</B></FONT></A><FONT COLOR="#000077"><I> </I></FONT><I>A demo application with

Interviews. <BR>

</I><BR>

The list of other ready-to-run applications under Interviews is shown in Listing

33.1.</P>

<P>We will cover some of these applications in a bit more detail in this chapter.

The rest you can try out on your own.

<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="Heading9<FONT COLOR="#000077">Listing 33.1. The

binary files for Interviews.</FONT></H3>

<PRE><FONT COLOR="#0066FF">$ ls -al /usr/interviews/bin

total 1187

drwxr-xr-x    2 root     root         1024 Nov  5 17:40 .

drwxr-xr-x    6 root     root         1024 Nov  5 17:40 ..

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root         9220 Apr 17  1994 alert

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root           82 Apr 17  1994 cpu

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root        17412 Apr 17  1994 dclock

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root       259076 Apr 17  1994 doc

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root         1616 Apr 17  1994 ibmkmf

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root       689156 Apr 17  1994 ibuild

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root        37892 Apr 17  1994 iclass

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root        17412 Apr 17  1994 idemo

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root       115716 Apr 17  1994 idraw

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root         9220 Apr 17  1994 ifc

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root          642 Apr 17  1994 ivmkmf

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root        13316 Apr 17  1994 logo

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root        17412 Apr 17  1994 mailbox

-rwxr-xr-x   1 root     root         1736 Apr 17  1994 remind

</FONT></PRE>



<DL>

	<DT><FONT COLOR="#0066FF"></FONT></DT>

</DL>





<DL>

	<DD>

<HR>

<A NAME="Heading11<FONT COLOR="#000077"><B>TIP:</B> </FONT>You can always try

	the applications in <TT>/usr/interviews/bin</TT> from an <TT>xterm</TT> by running

	the command as a background process. For example, to run the <TT>ibuild</TT> application,

	type the command <TT>ibuild &amp;</TT>. If you do not run <TT>ibuild</TT> as a background

	process, you can press Ctrl-z to put it in the background of a <TT>bash</TT> shell.

	

<HR>



</DL>



<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="Heading12<FONT COLOR="#000077">idraw</FONT></H3>

<P>Let's start with an application in the Interviews package. Learning this application

will familiarize you with Interviews and working with its development tools. (See

Figure 33.3.)</P>

<P>The <TT>idraw</TT> application lets you draw rectangles, polygons, ellipses, and

other shapes interactively. Drawings are stored in files that can be printed on a

PostScript printer. You can open an existing drawing by typing a filename on the

command line when starting up <TT>idraw</TT>.</P>

<P>You must engage a tool before you can use it. You engage a tool by clicking on

its icon, or by typing the character that is below and to the right of its icon.

The icon of the drawing tool that's engaged appears in inverted colors. When it is

engaged, you use the tool by clicking the left mouse button in the drawing area.</P>

<P>The Select, Move, Scale, Stretch, Rotate, and Alter tools manipulate existing

graphics. Magnify makes a part of the view expand to fill the entire view.<BR>

<BR>

<A NAME="Heading13<A HREF="../art/33/28lnx03.jpg"><FONT COLOR="#000077"><B>FIGURE

33.3.</B></FONT></A><FONT COLOR="#000077"> </FONT><I>The <TT>idraw</TT> application's

main screen. </I><BR>

<BR>

Text, Line, Multiline, Open Spline, Ellipse, Rectangle, Polygon, and Closed Spline

create new graphics. Each tool works as follows:



<UL>

	<LI>Select is used to select a graphic, unselecting all others.

	<P>

	<LI>A graphic is selected if its handles are visible. Handles are small inverse-video