ch02.htm

linux-unix130.linux.and.unix.ebooks130 linux and unix ebookslinuxLearning Linux - Collection of 12 E

<DL>

	<DD>This set contains the applications you will most likely use on Linux. It includes

	various applications and add-ons, such as the man pages, groff, ispell (GNU and international

	versions), term, joe, jove, ghostscript, sc, bc, and the quota patches.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set D

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This set is referred to as the program development. This set contains the distribution

	for GCC/G++/Objective C compiler make (GNU and BSD), byacc and GNU bison, flex, the

	related C libraries, gdb debugger, svgalib, ncurses, clisp, f2c, p2c, m4, perl, and

	rcs.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set E

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This set contains the GNU emacs editor.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set F

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This set contains the latest collection of FAQs and other documentation. Usually,

	it is created when the release is put together. This set contains a lot of useful

	information.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set K

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This set contains the kernel source code. Documentation for various programs

	can be read by the program info or emacs.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set T

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This set contains the <TT>TeX</TT> and <TT>LaTeX2</TT> text formatting systems.

	<TT>TeX</TT> is an extremely sophisticated typesetting package for mathematical expressions.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set TCL

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This set contains the Tcl, Tk, TclX, blt, and itcl families of program development

	tools. You can use Tcl and Tk to develop X Window applications by writing simple

	scripts.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set X

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This set contains the base XFree86 system from MIT. This set includes libXpm

	and the Freeware Window managers, such as fvwm and fvwm95.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set XAP

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This set includes the binary files for X applications: X11 ghostscript, seyon,

	workman, xfilemanager, xv, GNU chess and xboard, xfm, ghostview, and various X games.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set XD

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This is the full X11R6 program development kit. This set includes all X11 libraries,

	server linkkit, and PEX support.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set XV

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>This is a window manager for the X Windows System. The release contains the XView

	libraries and the Open Look virtual and nonvirtual window managers.

</DL>





<UL>

	<LI>Disk Set Y

</UL>





<DL>

	<DD>Perhaps the most important set of all, this contains the Games collection for

	Linux. Yes, it does include Tetris for terminals.

</DL>



<P>You do not have to install all these sets for a Linux distribution. As a bare

minimum you need the A, AP, D, and F sets to get started. If you plan to run X Windows,

you must install all the X and XAP disks. Obviously, if you want to develop applications

on your system, you need the D series disk set, and for X Windows, you need the XD

series set. The rest of the disk sets are optional. If you can spare the disk space,

you should install them and see whether you like them.

<H3 ALIGN="CENTER"><A NAME="Heading12<FONT COLOR="#000077">Common Extensions

for Filenames</FONT></H3>

<P>Table 2.1 lists common filename extensions for the files you will see in Linux

archives. The fname in the following table implies the filename with which you want

to work. <BR>



<CENTER>

<P><FONT SIZE="4"><B>Table 2.1. File extensions used in Linux releases. </B></FONT>

<TABLE BORDER="0">

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><I>Extension </I></TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT"><I>Used By </I></TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>.Z</TT> </TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>compress</TT>/<TT>uncompress</TT>. Use <TT>uncompress </TT>fname<TT> foo.Z</TT>

			to uncompress the file, where fname is the name of the file that was uncompressed.

					</TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>.z</TT>,<TT> .gz</TT>,<TT> .gzip</TT> </TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>gzip</TT> is now used by many archive sites rather than <TT>compress</TT>. If

			you don't have <TT>gzip</TT> on </TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">			<P>

		</TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">your system, get it! To uncompress one of these files, use <TT>gzip -d </TT>fname<TT>.z</TT>.

			.<TT>gz</TT> is the new </TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">			<P>

		</TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>gzip</TT> extension. </TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>.tar</TT> </TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">Tar file. Use <TT>tar xvf </TT>fname<TT>.tar</TT> to unpack it. Or you can use <TT>tar

			tvf </TT>fname<TT>.tar</TT> to get an </TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">			<P>

		</TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">index listing of the tar file. </TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>.taz</TT> </TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">Compressed <TT>tar</TT> file. You can do something such as <TT>zcat </TT>fname<TT>.taz

			| tar xvf -</TT> or <TT>tar xvfz </TT>fname<TT>.taz</TT> to unpack it (some versions

			of <TT>tar</TT> don't have the <TT>z</TT> option). </TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>.tpz</TT>, <TT>.tgz</TT> </TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>gzipped tar</TT> file. If you have <TT>gzip</TT>, <TT>zcat</TT> is linked to

			it, so you can do <TT>zcat foo.tpz | tar xvf</TT> to unpack it. </TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>.tpz</TT> </TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP">The old extension. All <TT>gzipped</TT> <TT>tar</TT> files should now end in <BR>

			<TT>.tgz</TT> instead. </TD>

	</TR>

	<TR ALIGN="LEFT" rowspan="1">

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT">			<P>

		</TD>

		<TD ALIGN="LEFT"></TD>

	</TR>

</TABLE>

<BR>

<BR>

Most distributions use <TT>gzipped tar</TT> files with the <TT>tgz</TT> extension.

</CENTER>

<CENTER>

<H3><A NAME="Heading13<FONT COLOR="#000077">The Location of Disk Sets on the

CD-ROM</FONT></H3>

</CENTER>

<P>The disk sets on the CD-ROM can be found in the <TT>/slakware</TT> directory.

(In DOS, this will be the <TT>SLAKWARE</TT> directory.) See Listing 2.1 for a directory

listing of all the packages on the CD-ROM at the back of this book.

<CENTER>

<H3><A NAME="Heading14<FONT COLOR="#000077">Listing 2.1. The distribution on

the CD-ROM in this book.</FONT></H3>

</CENTER>

<PRE><FONT COLOR="#0066FF">

$ ls -l /cdrom/slakware

total 2419

-r--r--r--   1 root     root        13585 Nov 29 21:47 CHECKSUMS

-r--r--r--   1 root     root        29632 Nov 29 21:42 FILE_LIST

-r--r--r--   1 root     root      2206297 Nov 29 21:46 MANIFEST

-r--r--r--   1 root     root          409 Mar 20  1995 README

-r--r--r--   1 root     root         3950 Dec  5 12:59 TRANS.TBL

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         4096 Nov 30 03:20 a1/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug 16 04:49 a2/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Sep 10 04:31 a3/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Nov  4 03:19 a4/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Oct 25 04:18 a5/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:18 a6/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:19 a7/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Oct  3 04:17 a8/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         4096 Aug  9 14:20 ap1/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:21 ap2/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:21 ap3/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:22 ap4/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Oct  5 04:33 ap5/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:23 d1/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:24 d10/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Oct 18 04:20 d11/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:26 d12/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:26 d13/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:27 d2/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:28 d3/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:29 d4/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Sep 11 04:36 d5/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:30 d6/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:31 d7/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Sep 12 04:31 d8/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:32 d9/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:33 e1/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:34 e2/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:34 e3/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:34 e4/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 14:35 e5/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 17:49 e6/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 17:49 e7/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 17:47 e8/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Oct 18 04:20 f1/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Oct 18 04:19 f2/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 17:45 k1/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 17:44 k2/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 17:43 k3/

dr-xr-xr-x   2 root     root         2048 Aug  9 17:43 k4/