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<A NAME="PAGENUM-415"><P>Page 415</P></A>
<P><B>
OPTIONS
</B></P>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>
-dxb
</TD><TD>
An AutoCAD binary database import (DXB) file is written. This file is read with the
DXBIN command and, once loaded, becomes part of the AutoCAD geometrical database and can
be viewed and edited like any other object. Each sequence of identical pixels becomes a separate
object in the database; this can result in very large AutoCAD drawing files. However, if you want to
trace over a bitmap, it lets you zoom and pan around the bitmap as you wish.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-poly
</TD><TD>
If the -dxb option is not specified, the output of
ppmtoacad is an AutoCAD slide file. Normally, each row of pixels is represented by an AutoCAD line entity. If
-poly is selected, the pixels are rendered as filled
polygons. If the slide is viewed on a display with higher resolution than the
source pixmap, this will cause the pixels to expand instead of appearing as discrete lines against the
screen background color. Regrettably, this representation yields slide files that occupy more disc space
and take longer to display.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-background color
</TD><TD>
Most AutoCAD display drivers can be configured to use any available color as the screen
background. Some users prefer a black screen background, others white, while splinter groups
advocate burnt ocher, tawny puce, and shocking gray. Discarding pixels whose closest AutoCAD
color representation is equal to the background color can substantially
reduce the size of the AutoCAD database or slide file needed to represent a bitmap. If no
-background color is specified, the screen background color is assumed to be black. Any AutoCAD color number may be specified as
the screen background; color numbers are assumed to specify the hues defined in the
standard AutoCAD 256-color palette.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-white
</TD><TD>
Because many AutoCAD users choose a white screen background, this option is provided as
a short-cut. Specifying -white is identical in effect to
-background 7.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-aspect ratio
</TD><TD>
If the source pixmap had nonsquare pixels, the ratio of the pixel width to pixel height should
be specified as ratio. The resulting slide or DXB file will be corrected so that pixels on the
AutoCAD screen will be square. For example, to correct an image made for a
320¥200 VGA/MCGA screen, specify -aspect
0.8333.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-8
</TD><TD>
Restricts the colors in the output file to the eight RGB shades.
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>All flags can be abbreviated to their shortest unique prefix.
</P>
<P><B>
BUGS
</B>
</P>
<P>AutoCAD has a fixed palette of 256 colors, distributed along the hue, lightness, and saturation axes. Pixmaps that
contain many nearly identical colors, or colors not closely approximated by AutoCAD's palette, may be poorly rendered.
</P>
<P>ppmtoacad works best if the system displaying its output supports the full 256 color AutoCAD palette. Monochrome,<BR>
8-color, and 16-color configurations will produce less than optimal results.
<P>When creating a DXB file or a slide file with the
-poly option, ppmtoacad finds both vertical and horizontal runs of
identical pixels and consolidates them into rectangular regions to reduce the size of the output file. This is effective for images
with large areas of constant color, but it's no substitute for true raster to vector conversion. In particular, thin diagonal lines
are not optimized at all by this process.
</P>
<P>Output files can be huge.
</P>
<P><B>
SEE ALSO
</B>
</P>
<P>AutoCAD Reference Manual: "Slide File Format" and "Binary Drawing Interchange (DXB) Files";
ppm(5)
</P>
<P><B>
AUTHOR
</B>
</P>
<P>John Walker<BR>
Autodesk SA<BR>
Avenue des Champs-Montants 14b<BR>
CH-2074 MARIN<BR>
Suisse/Schweiz/Svizzera/Svizra/Switzerland<BR>
</P>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-416"><P>Page 416</P></A>
<P>
Usenet: kelvin@Autodesk.com<BR>
Fax: 038/33 88 15<BR>
Voice: 038/33 76 33<BR>
</P>
<P>Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose and without fee
is hereby granted, without any conditions or restrictions. This software is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
</P>
<P>AutoCAD and Autodesk are registered trademarks of Autodesk, Inc.
</P>
<P>10 October 1991
</P>
<H3><A NAME="ch01_ 313">
ppmtobmp
</A></H3>
<P>ppmtobmp—Convert a portable pixmap into a BMP file
</P>
<P><B>
SYNOPSIS
</B>
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
ppmtobmp [_windows][_os2][ppmfile]
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P><B>
DESCRIPTION
</B>
</P>
<P>ppmtobmp reads a portable pixmap as input and produces a Microsoft Windows or OS/2 BMP file as output.
</P>
<P><B>
OPTIONS
</B>
</P>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>
_windows
</TD><TD>
Tells the program to produce a Microsoft Windows BMP file.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
_os2
</TD><TD>
Tells the program to produce an OS/2 BMP file. (This is the default.)
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>All flags can be abbreviated to their shortest unique prefix.
</P>
<P><B>
SEE ALSO
</B>
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
bmptoppm(1), ppm(5)
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P><B>
AUTHOR
</B>
</P>
<P>Copyright" 1992 by David W. Sanderson.
</P>
<P>26 October 1992
</P>
<H3><A NAME="ch01_ 314">
ppmtogif
</A></H3>
<P>ppmtogif—Convert a portable pixmap into a GIF file
</P>
<P><B>
SYNOPSIS
</B>
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
ppmtogif [-interlace][-sort][-map mapfile][-transparent color][ppmfile]
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P><B>
DESCRIPTION
</B>
</P>
<P>ppmtogif reads a portable pixmap as input and produces a GIF file as output.
</P>
<P><B>
OPTIONS
</B>
</P>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>
-interlace
</TD><TD>
Tells the program to produce an interlaced GIF file.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-sort
</TD><TD>
Produces a GIF file with a sorted colormap.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-map mapfile
</TD><TD>
Uses the colors found in the
mapfile to create the colormap in the GIF file, instead of the
colors from ppmfile. The mapfile can be any ppm file; all that matters is the colors in it. If the colors
in
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<A NAME="PAGENUM-417"><P>Page 417</P></A>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>
</TD><TD>
ppmfile do not match those in mapfile, they are matched to a "best match." A (much) better
result can be obtained by using the following filter in advance:
ppmquant -floyd -map mapfile
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
_transparent color
</TD><TD>
Mark the given color as transparent in the GIF file. The color is specified as in
ppmmake(1). Note that this option outputs a GIF89a format file, which might not be understood by your software.
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>All flags can be abbreviated to their shortest unique prefix.
</P>
<P><B>
SEE ALSO
</B>
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
giftoppm(1), ppmquant(1), ppm(5)
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P><B>
AUTHOR
</B>
</P>
<P>Based on GIFENCOD by David Rowley
(mgardi@watdcsu.waterloo.edu). Lempel-Ziv compression based on
compress.
</P>
<P>Copyright" 1989 by Jef Poskanzer.
</P>
<P>30 June 1993
</P>
<H3><A NAME="ch01_ 315">
ppmtoicr
</A></H3>
<P>ppmtoicr—Convert a portable pixmap into NCSA ICR format
</P>
<P><B>
SYNOPSIS
</B>
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
ppmtoicr [-windowname name][-expand expand][-display display][-rle][ppmfile]
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P><B>
DESCRIPTION
</B>
</P>
<P>ppmtoicr reads a portable pixmap file as input and produces an NCSA Telnet Interactive Color Raster graphic file as
output. If ppmfile is not supplied, ppmtoicr will read from standard input.
</P>
<P>Interactive Color Raster (ICR) is a protocol for displaying raster graphics on workstation screens. The protocol is
implemented in NCSA Telnet for the Macintosh version 2.3. The ICR protocol shares characteristics of the Tektronix
graphics terminal emulation protocol. For example, escape sequences are used to control the display.
</P>
<P>ppmtoicr will output the appropriate sequences to create a window of the dimensions of the input pixmap, create a
colormap of up to 256 colors on the display, then load the picture data into the window.
</P>
<P>Note that there is no icrtoppm tool; this transformation is one-way.
</P>
<P><B>
OPTIONS
</B>
</P>
<TABLE>
<TR><TD>
-windownamename
</TD><TD>
Output will be displayed in
name. (Default is to use ppm-file or "untitled" if standard input is read.)
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-expandexpand
</TD><TD>
Output will be expanded on display by factor
expand. (For example, a value of 2 will cause four pixels to
be displayed for every input pixel.)
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-displaydisplay
</TD><TD>
Output will be displayed on screen numbered
display.
</TD></TR><TR><TD>
-rle
</TD><TD>
Use run-length encoded format for display. (This will nearly always result in a quicker display, but
may skew the colormap.)
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><B>
Examples
</B></P>
<P>This displays a ppm file using the protocol:
</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
ppmtoicr ppmfile
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P>This will create a window named ppmfile on the display with the correct dimensions for
ppmfile, create and download a colormap of up to 256 colors, and download the picture into the window. The same effect may be achieved by the
following sequence:
</P>
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