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<H3><A NAME="Heading32"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Starting X Automatically on Login</FONT></H3>
<P>If you don’t set up <B>xdm</B>, you’ll need to type in <B>startx</B> after you login to get X and all these applications in your <B>.xinitrc</B> file started. If you don’t like to enter <B>startx</B> every time you login, and you’re sure that you want to run X every time you login, you can put the <B>startx</B> command in your <B>.login</B> or <B>.profile</B> file (depending on the shell you use, <B>csh</B> or <B>ksh</B>). If you do, be sure that you’re running from the console only. Otherwise, the <B>.login</B> or <B>.profile</B> file will error out if they get run from elsewhere (such as when you login over a serial line or from another virtual terminal).</P>
<P>The way to check for this is to check the result of the <B>tty</B> program. The <B>tty</B> program returns the current device file used for your terminal. When run from an <B>xterm</B> shell window, <B>tty</B> will print out something like <B>/dev/ttyp1</B> (for the first pseudo-terminal device). But, when run from the console (from the first virtual terminal), <B>tty</B> will print out <B>/dev/tty1</B>. When run from the second virtual terminal, <B>tty</B> prints out <B>/dev/tty2</B> so we can check for <B>/dev/tty1</B>.</P>
<P>To do this, we can enter <B>tty</B> at the console (before starting X):</P>
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<PRE>
$ tty
/dev/tty1
</PRE>
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<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>NOTE: </B>Use the value <B>tty</B> returns for <I>you</I>, not necessarily the value <I>we</I> received.<HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>Armed with this information, you can edit your <B>.login</B> file (presuming you use the C shell, <B>csh</B>, as your shell) to add the following lines:</P>
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<PRE>
if ( `tty` == '/dev/tty1' ) then
startx
endif
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P>This will start up X when you login at the console. You can also set up your account to log you out when you quit X. Most of the time, we begin X at login and quit X when we want to logout. If this fits your pattern, you can change the <B>.login</B> file to contain the following:</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
if ( `tty` == '/dev/tty1' ) then
startx
logout
endif
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<H3><A NAME="Heading33"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">The X Font Server</FONT></H3>
<P>The X font server is a special program that can scale fonts. This ability dramatically increases the already-prolific set of X fonts available on your system (use the <B>xlsfonts</B> command to list these fonts). To get the font server up and running, you must:</P>
<DL>
<DD><B>•</B> Configure the font server and tell it where to get fonts.
<DD><B>•</B> Configure the font server to start up before X does.
<DD><B>•</B> Configure the X server to communicate with the font server.
</DL>
<P>To configure the font server, we need to tell it where to find the scalable fonts. Luckily, Linux comes with a workable preconfigured file, <B>/usr/X11R6/ lib/X11/fs/config</B>.</P>
<P>To start the font server, use the <B>xfs</B> (short for <I>X font server</I>) command. Enter the following command as root:</P>
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<PRE>
# xfs -port 7000 &
</PRE>
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<P>This uses the default configuration file, <B>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fs/config</B>, and runs on TCP/IP port 7000 (an arbitrary port to which the X font server defaults).</P>
<P>Once started, we can verify that the font server is running by using the <B>fsinfo</B> command:</P>
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<PRE>
gilbert:/$ fsinfo -server hostname:port
</PRE>
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<P>You need to fill in the hostname and port number. For example, with a hostname of <I>eric</I> and the default port number of <I>7000</I>, the command would be:</P>
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<PRE>
gilbert:/$ fsinfo -server eric:7000
</PRE>
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<P>You should see output like the following:
</P>
<!-- CODE //-->
<PRE>
name of server: eric:7000
version number: 2
vendor string: X Consortium
vendor release number: 6000
maximum request size: 16384 longwords (65536 bytes)
number of catalogues: 1
all
Number of alternate servers: 0
number of extensions: 0
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE //-->
<P>Once you verify that the font server is running, you can set up XFree86 to communicate with the font server. This is necessary so that X applications can take advantage of the font server’s fonts.
</P>
<P>To get the X server ready to accept the font server, you need to adjust its font path, or <B>fp</B>. Enter the following commands:</P>
<!-- CODE SNIP //-->
<PRE>
gilbert:/$ xset +fp tcp/eric:7000
gilbert:/$ xset fp rehash
</PRE>
<!-- END CODE SNIP //-->
<P>In your case, you need to replace <I>eric</I> with your system’s hostname. The first command tells the X server to use a TCP/IP port as a sort of font directory; the <I>tcp/hostname:port</I> syntax is the standard way to do this. The second command tells the X server to query again for all the available fonts.</P>
<P>If you’re running <B>xdm</B> (see “Starting X at Boot-Up” earlier), you should stop that, verify that things work manually, and then set up <B>xdm</B> again. Problems with the font server may cause X to quit. If X quits, this may prevent an X-based login, leaving you in an unhappy situation.</P><P><BR></P>
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