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<!--ISBN=1558285660//-->

<!--TITLE=Linux Configuration and Installation//-->

<!--AUTHOR=Patrick Volkerding//-->

<!--AUTHOR=Kevin Reichard//-->

<!--AUTHOR=Eric Foster//-->

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<P><BR></P>

<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Setting Up XFree86</B></FONT></P>

<P>Because there&#146;s so much variety in PC graphics hardware and because doing something wrong can actually destroy your hardware (in theory, anyway; we&#146;re rather credulous of tales of exploding monitors and such), XFree86 ships in a mode that prevents you from running X. This fact strikes us as bizarre, but setting up X is probably the hardest thing you have to do to get Linux up and running.

</P>

<P>Before you start setting up XFree86, track down every piece of documentation that came with your monitor and graphics card. You&#146;ll need to know some obscure values about your monitor, such as the horizontal and vertical frequency ranges.</P>

<P>If you can&#146;t find any of this information, you may want to pop open the machine and check the text written on your graphics card&#151;there&#146;s often a lot of useful information there. Even if this fails and you can&#146;t find out anything about your graphics card, you still have a chance to run X. If your graphics card can support standard Super VGA, you should be able to use the example <B>XF86Config</B> file that comes with XFree86.</P>

<P>We list the graphics cards supported by XFree86 in Tables 3.3 and 3.4. Table 3.3 lists the accelerated chipsets and Table 3.4 the Super VGA chipsets.</P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><CAPTION><B>Table 3.3</B> Accelerated Cards and Chipsets Supported by XFree86

<TR>

<TH WIDTH="30%" ALIGN="LEFT">Type

<TH WIDTH="70%" ALIGN="LEFT">Chips and Cards

<TR>

<TH COLSPAN="2"><HR>

<TR>

<TD>8514/A

<TD>8514/A and true clones

<TR>

<TD>ATI

<TD>Mach8, Mach32, Mach64

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Cirrus

<TD>CLGD5420, CLGD5422, CLGD5424, CLGD5426, CLGD5428, CLGD5429, CLGD5430, CLGD5434

<TR>

<TD>IBM

<TD>XGA-2

<TR>

<TD>IIT

<TD>AGX-014, AGX-015, AGX-016

<TR>

<TD>Oak Tech.

<TD>OTI087

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">S3

<TD>86C911, 86C924, 86C801, 86C805, 86C805i, 86C928, 86C864, 86C964, 86C732, 86C764, 86C868, 86C968

<TR>

<TD>Tseng

<TD>ET4000/W32, ET4000/W32i, ET4000/W32p

<TR>

<TD>Weitek

<TD>P9000

<TR>

<TD>Western Digital

<TD>WD90C31, WD90C33

<TR>

<TD COLSPAN="2"><HR>

</TABLE>

<P>The Cirrus, Oak, and Western Digital cards are supported in the Super VGA server, <B>XF86_SVGA</B>. The other types each have their own X server.</P>

<P>The Super VGA server, <B>XF86_SVGA</B>, supports a whole range of graphics cards and chipsets, which are listed in Table 3.4.</P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><CAPTION><B>Table 3.4</B> Super VGA Chipsets Supported by the <B>XF86_SVGA</B> Server

<TR>

<TH WIDTH="35%" ALIGN="LEFT">Vendor

<TH WIDTH="65%" ALIGN="LEFT">Chipsets

<TR>

<TH COLSPAN="2"><HR>

<TR>

<TD>ARK Logic

<TD>ARK1000PV, ARK2000PV

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">ATI

<TD>18800, 18800-1, 28800-2, 28800-4, 28800-5, 28800-6, 68800-3, 68800-6, 68800AX, 68800LX, 88800CX, 88800

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Advance Logic

<TD>ALG2101, ALG2228, ALG2301, ALG2302, ALG2308, ALG2401

<TR>

<TD>Chips &#38; Technology

<TD>65520, 65530, 65540, 65545

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Cirrus Logic

<TD>CLGD5420, CLGD5422, CLGD5424, CLGD5426, CLGD5428, CLGD5429, CLGD5430, CLGD5434, CLGD6205, CLGD6215, CLGD6225, CLGD6235, CLGD6410, CLGD6412, CLGD6420, CLGD6440

<TR>

<TD>Compaq

<TD>AVGA

<TR>

<TD>Genoa

<TD>GVGA

<TR>

<TD>MX

<TD>MX68000, MX680010

<TR>

<TD>NCR

<TD>77C22, 77C22E, 77C22E&#43;

<TR>

<TD>Oak

<TD>OTI067, OTI077, OTI087

<TR>

<TD>RealTek

<TD>RTG3106

<TR>

<TD>Tseng

<TD>ET3000, ET4000AX, ET4000/W32

<TR>

<TD>Western Digital/Paradise

<TD>PVGA1

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Western Digital

<TD VALIGN="TOP">WD90C00, WD90C10, WD90C11, WD90C24, WD90C24A, WD90C30, WD90C31, WD90C33

<TR>

<TD VALIGN="TOP">Trident

<TD>TVGA8800CS, TVGA8900B, TVGA8900C, TVGA8900CL, TVGA9000, TVGA9000i, TVGA9100B, TVGA9200CX, TVGA9320, TVGA9400CX, TVGA9420

<TR>

<TD>Video 7/Headland Technologies

<TD VALIGN="TOP">HT216-32

<TR>

<TD COLSPAN="2"><HR>

</TABLE>

<BLOCKQUOTE>

<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>NOTE:&nbsp;&nbsp;</B>Each release of XFree86 supports more and more cards. If your card or chipset isn&#146;t listed here, don&#146;t give up hope. You may need to get a new release of XFree86, though. (When this book was written, the most recent release of XFree86 was 3.2, and that&#146;s the version on the accompanying CD-ROM.)<HR></FONT>

</BLOCKQUOTE>

<P>To see which chipset your graphics card uses, you&#146;ll need to look in the documentation that came with your graphics card.

</P>

<P>You&#146;ll need about 50MB of disk space for XFree86, and you should have at least 16MB of RAM to run X effectively. You can launch X and perform some basic functions with 8MB of RAM, but you&#146;ll soon run into some performance problems with limited RAM. To compound matters, you won&#146;t be told that you&#146;re running low on RAM; your chosen X window manager will simply fail to respond to your commands.</P>

<P>Once you&#146;ve determined your system configuration, the next step is to set up the proper X server for your graphics card. XFree86 ships with a number of X servers, each compiled with drivers for a certain type of graphics card or chipset. Each of these X server executables usually starts with <B>XF86_</B> and ends with the type of cards supported. For example, the <B>XF86_SVGA</B> X server is built with support for standard Super VGA chipsets. <B>XF86_S3</B> is the X server for S3-based graphics cards.</P><P><BR></P>

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