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<TITLE>Linux Configuration and Installation:Installing and Configuring XFree86</TITLE>

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<!--TITLE=Linux Configuration and Installation//-->

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<!--AUTHOR=Kevin Reichard//-->

<!--AUTHOR=Eric Foster//-->

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<P><BR></P>

<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading11"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Setting Up Paths in the Configuration File</FONT></H4>

<P>The Files section is by far the easiest to set up in your <B>XF86Config</B> file. That&#146;s because just about everybody has the same paths. In the Files section, you need to tell X where the RGB (Red-Green-Blue) color database file is kept and where the fonts are located. Because both should go in standard locations, you can simply use the following section in your <B>XF86Config</B> file (in fact, the sample version already comes this way):</P>

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<PRE>

  Section "Files"

     RgbPath     "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"

  EndSection

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<P>This Files section tells XFree86 that your RGB database is located in <B>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/</B> and that the fonts are located in <B>/usr/X11R6/ lib/X11/fonts/</B>. These are the standard locations for both. One tricky thing to note is that you may not have loaded all the font directories (we recommend you do, though). Because of this, you should check the <B>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/</B> directory:</P>

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<PRE>

     $ ls /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/

     100dpi/  75dpi/   PEX/     Speedo/  Type1/   misc/

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<P>On our system, we have all the directories listed and a <B>PEX</B> directory for PEX fonts (you can ignore this for now; see Appendix B for more on PEX, the 3D extension to X). What you should do is delete any entries in the <B>XF86Config</B> file if you don&#146;t have the corresponding font directory. For example, if you did not load the 100-dots-per-inch fonts (the <B>100dpi</B>) directory, then your Files section should look like:</P>

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<PRE>

  Section "Files"

     RgbPath     "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/"

     FontPath    "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"

  EndSection

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<P>We removed the entry for 100dpi fonts.

</P>

<P>When running <B>xf86config</B>, you should say you do not intend to use the X font server, even if you&#146;d like to. If the font server isn&#146;t running before you start X, then your system may lock up. We found it&#146;s much easier to split the problem. First, get X up and running. Then, configure the X font server (which provides scaled fonts). You may have to go back and edit the <B>XF86Config</B> file, but that&#146;s a lot easier than having your system lock up.</P>

<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading12"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Configuring the ServerFlags Section</FONT></H4>

<P>After the Files section comes the ServerFlags section. Again, you rarely have to do much with this. In fact, we normally have everything commented out in this section. The main options you can set here are listed in Table 3.7.

</P>

<TABLE WIDTH="100%"><CAPTION><B>Table 3.7</B> Server Flags Options

<TR>

<TH WIDTH="30%" ALIGN="LEFT">Option

<TH WIDTH="70%" ALIGN="LEFT">Meaning

<TR>

<TH COLSPAN="2"><HR>

<TR>

<TD>NoTrapSignals

<TD>Core dumps X when a signal arrives; useful for debugging

<TR>

<TD>DontZap

<TD>Disables <B>Ctrl-Alt-Backspace</B>

<TR>

<TD>DontZoom

<TD>Disables switching between graphics modes

<TR>

<TD COLSPAN="2"><HR>

</TABLE>

<P>Most of these flags work backwards. If you uncomment the entry, it turns the feature off. By default, we comment out (leaving on) the two &#147;don&#146;t&#148; features. We also comment out (leaving off) the NoTrapSignals option.

</P>

<P>We like being able to kill an errant X server by simply holding down <B>Ctrl-Alt-Backspace</B>, so we always comment out DontZap. If you turn on DontZap, you are disabling this feature.</P>

<P>DontZoom disables the keyboard sequences that allow you to switch between graphics modes. We find this switching to be essential in testing our <B>XF86Config</B> files, so we always leave this feature on by commenting it out in the <B>XF86Config</B> file.</P>

<P>Our ServerFlags section, with everything commented out, looks like:</P>

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<PRE>

  Section "ServerFlags"

  #    NoTrapSignals

  #    DontZap

  #    DontZoom

  EndSection

</PRE>

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<P>Just like in UNIX shell scripts, the <TT>#</TT> character marks a comment line in the <B>XF86Config</B> file.</P><P><BR></P>

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