lsgxg.htm

linux-unix130.linux.and.unix.ebooks130 linux and unix ebookslinuxLearning Linux - Collection of 12 E

<BR>



<P><B>Internet Address</B>  A 32-bit address used to identify hosts and networks on the Internet.



<BR>



<P><B>Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)</B>  A control and error message protocol that works in conjunction with the Internet Protocol (IP).



<BR>



<P><B>Internet Protocol (IP)</B>  The part of TCP/IP that handles routing.



<BR>



<P><B>IP Address</B>  A 32-bit identifier that is unique to each network device.



<BR>



<P><B>IP Datagram</B>  The basic unit of information passed through a TCP/IP network. The datagram header contains source and destination IP addresses.



<BR>



<P><B>Kerberos</B>  An authentication scheme developed at MIT used to prevent unauthorized monitoring of logins and passwords.



<BR>



<P><B>LAN (Local Area Network)</B>  A collection of devices connected to enable communications between themselves on a single physical medium.



<BR>



<P><B>Leased Line</B>  A dedicated communication line between two points. Usually used by organizations to connect computers over a dedicated telephone circuit.



<BR>



<P><B>Mail Exchanger</B>  A system used to relay mail into a network.



<BR>



<P><B>Management Information Base (MIB)</B>  A database used by SNMP containing configuration and statistical information about devices on a network.



<BR>



<P><B>Media Access Control (MAC)</B>  The lower half of the data link sublayer that is responsible for framing data and controlling the physical link between two end points.



<BR>



<P><B>Medium Access Unit (MAU)</B>  A device for the central connection of devices operating on a network.



<BR>



<P><B>Modem (Modulator-Demodulator)</B>  A device that converts digital signals into analog signals and vice versa. Used for conversion of signals for transmission over telephone lines.



<BR>



<P><B>Modem eliminator</B>  A device that functions as two modems to provide service for data terminal equipment (DTE) and data communication equipment (DCE).



<BR>



<P><B>Multihomed host</B>  A device attached to two or more networks.



<BR>



<P><B>Multiplex</B>  Simultaneously transmitting multiple signals over one channel.



<BR>



<P><B>Name Resolution</B>  The process of mapping aliases to an address. The Domain Name System (DNS) is one system that does this.



<BR>



<P><B>NETBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output Operating System)</B>  A network programming interface typically used to connect PCs together.



<BR>



<P><B>Network</B>  A number of devices connected to enable the device to communicate with any other device over a physical medium.



<BR>



<P><B>Network Address</B>  For TCP/IP, the 32-bit IP address of a device.



<BR>



<P><B>Network File System (NFS)</B>  A protocol developed by Sun MicroSystems that enables clients to mount remote directories onto their own local filesystem.



<BR>



<P><B>Network Information Center (NIC)</B>  The Internet administration facility that controls the naming of networks accessible over the Internet.



<BR>



<P><B>Network Information Service (NIS)</B>  A set of protocols developed by Sun Microsystems, which provides directory services for network information.



<BR>



<P><B>Network Interface Card (NIC)</B>  A generic term for a networking interface board used to connect a device to the network. The NIC is where the physical connection to the network occurs.



<BR>



<P><B>Network Virtual Terminal (NVT)</B>  Protocols that govern virtual terminal emulation.



<BR>



<P><B>Node</B>  A generic term used to refer to network devices.



<BR>



<P><B>Open Software Foundation (OSF)</B>  A consortium of hardware and software vendors collaborating to produce technologies for device-independent operation.



<BR>



<P><B>Packet</B>  In TCP/IP, a term referring to the data passing between the Internet layer and the data link layer. Also a generic term used to refer to data transferred through a network.



<BR>



<P><B>PING (Packet Internet Groper)</B>  A utility program used to test a system's TCP/IP software by sending an ICMP echo request and then wait for a response.



<BR>



<P><B>Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)</B>  A TCP/IP protocol that provides host-to-network and router-to-router connections. Can be used to provide a serial line connection between two machines.



<BR>



<P><B>Port</B>  A number used to identify TCP/IP applications. Generally a port is an entry or exit point.



<BR>



<P><B>Protocol</B>  Rules governing the behavior or method of operation of something.



<BR>



<P><B>Protocol Conversion</B>  The process of changing one protocol to another.



<BR>



<P><B>RARP</B>  See Reverse Address Resolution Protocol.



<BR>



<P><B>Remote Procedure Call (RPC)</B>  A TCP/IP protocol that provides a routine to call a server, which returns output and status (return) codes to the client.



<BR>



<P><B>Resolver</B>  Software that enables clients to access the Domain Name System (DNS) database and acquire an address.



<BR>



<P><B>Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)</B>  A TCP/IP protocol that enables a device to acquire its IP address by performing a broadcast on the network.



<BR>



<P><B>rlogin</B>  Remote login service that enables a user on one machine to log in as a user on another. It is similar to Telnet.



<BR>



<P><B>Router</B>  A device that connects LANs into an internetwork and routes traffic between them.



<BR>



<P><B>Routing</B>  The process of determining a path to use to send data to its destination.



<BR>



<P><B>Routing Information Protocol (RIP)</B>  A protocol used to exchange information between routers.



<BR>



<P><B>Routing table</B>  A list of valid paths through which data can be transmitted.



<BR>



<P><B>RS232C</B>  A physical layer specification for connecting devices. Commonly used for serial lines.



<BR>



<P><B>Serial</B>  A sequence of events occurring one after another.



<BR>



<P><B>Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP)</B>  A protocol used to utilize TCP/IP over serial lines.



<BR>



<P><B>Server</B>  An application that answers requests from other devices (clients). Also used as a generic term for any device that provides services to the rest of the network, such as printing, high-capacity storage, network access, and so on.



<BR>



<P><B>Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)</B>  In TCP/IP, an application providing electronic mail services.



<BR>



<P><B>Socket</B>  In TCP/IP, an addressable point that consists of an IP address and a TCP or UDP port number that provides applications with access to TCP/IP protocols.



<BR>



<P><B>Socket Address</B>  The complete designation of a TCP/IP node consisting of a 32-bit IP address and a 16-bit port number.



<BR>



<P><B>Socket Descriptor</B>  An integer used by an application to identify the connection.



<BR>



<P><B>Subnet</B>  In TCP/IP, part of a TCP/IP network identified by a portion of the Internet address.



<BR>



<P><B>Subnet address</B>  The part of the IP address that identifies the subnetwork.



<BR>



<P><B>Subnet Mask</B>  A set of bits that excludes networks from having a system-wide broadcast, instead of restricting the broadcast to a subnetwork.



<BR>



<P><B>Synchronous Data Transfer</B>  The transfer of data between two nodes at a timed rate (as opposed to asynchronously).



<BR>



<P><B>Telnet</B>  A TCP/IP application that enables a user to log in to a remote device.



<BR>



<P><B>TCP/IP</B>  Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.



<BR>



<P><B>Terminator</B>  A resistor that must be on both ends of a thick-and-thin Ethernet network.



<BR>



<P><B>Throughput</B>  The amount of data that can be transferred through a medium within a certain time period.



<BR>



<P><B>Token Ring</B>  A lower layer connection-based networking protocol using a token passing method to control data traffic.



<BR>



<P><B>Traffic</B>  A general term used to describe the amount of data on a network backbone.



<BR>



<P><B>Transceiver</B>  A network device required in baseband networks that takes a digital signal and puts it on the analog baseband medium. Transceivers can sense collisions.



<BR>



<P><B>Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)</B>  A transport layer protocol that is part of the TCP/IP protocol suite and provides a connection-based, reliable data stream.



<BR>



<P><B>Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)</B>  A mechanism for remote logins similar to Telnet but which uses UDP as a transport layer protocol instead of TCP.



<BR>



<P><B>UDP (User Datagram Protocol)</B>  A connectionless transport layer protocol. It does not perform retransmission of data.



<BR>



<P><B>User Agent</B>  An electronic mail program that helps end users manage messages.



<BR>



<P><B>User Service</B>  A service provided by TCP permitting an application to specify that data being transmitted is urgent and should be processed as soon as possible.



<BR>



<P><B>Wide Area Network (WAN)</B>  Usually used to refer to a network spanning large geographic distances.



<BR>



<P><B>X.400</B>  A protocol defining standards for electronic mail in an open network.



<BR>



<P><B>X.500</B>  A protocol defining standards for directory services in an open network.



<BR>



<P><B>X Series</B>  A collection of widely accepted standards, including data communications.



<BR>



<P><B>XNS (Xerox Networking Standard)</B>  Networking protocols developed by Xerox, similar to TCP/IP.



<BR>



<P><B>X Window</B>  A software protocol developed at MIT for a distributed windowing system. X uses TCP for a transport protocol.<A NAME="I2"></A>



<P ALIGN=LEFT>



























</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!-- begin footer information -->


</body></html>