lsg27.htm

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<H2>Linux System Administrator's Survival Guide lsg27.htm</H2>



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<UL>



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<UL>



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<A HREF="#E68E149" >Configuring UUCP</A>



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<A HREF="#E68E150" >Configuring Taylor UUCP</A>



<UL>



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<A HREF="#E69E161" >Specifying Your System's Name</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E162" >Setting Up Remote Systems</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E163" >Ports and Modems</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E164" >Access Permissions</A></UL>



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<A HREF="#E68E151" >Configuring HDB UUCP</A>



<UL>



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<A HREF="#E69E165" >Specifying Remote Systems</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E166" >Setting the Modem Device</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E167" >Setting Access Permissions</A></UL>



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<A HREF="#E68E152" >Understanding UUCP Connections</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E168" >Direct Connections</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E169" >Login Scripts</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E170" >Access Times</A></UL>



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<A HREF="#E68E153" >UUCP Security</A>



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<A HREF="#E68E154" >Using UUCP</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E171" >Sending E-mail With UUCP</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E172" >Transferring Files With UUCP</A>



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<A HREF="#E69E173" >Checking Transfers</A></UL>



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<A HREF="#E68E155" >Summary</A></UL></UL></UL>



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<H1 ALIGN=CENTER>



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<FONT SIZE=6 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>Chapter 27</B></FONT></CENTER></H1>



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<H2 ALIGN=CENTER>



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<FONT SIZE=6 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>UUCP</B></FONT></CENTER></H2>



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<P>UUCP (UNIX to UNIX CoPy) was developed to provide a simple dialup networking protocol for UNIX systems. It is most often used today as an e-mail transfer system, allowing non-networked machines to transfer e-mail easily over a modem connection. You also can use it for USENET news and access to similar services that do not require a dedicated connection. UUCP is a two-machine connection between your Linux machine and another machine running UUCP. You cannot use UUCP as a remote system access system (like FTP or Telnet), nor can you use it as a standard login because the protocols do not support this type of interactive behavior. <A HREF="lsg24.htm">Chapter 24</A> &quot;Security,&quot; looked briefly at some of the security problems inherent with UUCP. You should read that section of the chapter when setting up your UUCP system if you are susceptible to unauthorized access.



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<P>Linux can run any of several different versions of UUCP, most of which are compatible with each other to a reasonable extent except when it comes to configuration and installation procedures. Many Linux versions offer you a choice between the Taylor UUCP version and the HDB (HoneyDanBer) UUCP. You can use whichever single version came with your Linux software, or, if you have both, you can choose between the two (or use both versions as the mood strikes you).



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<P>Many Linux users prefer the Taylor UUCP implementation. Users who have worked on other UNIX systems prefer HDB because it is more recent and a little more logical in its file handling and configuration. If you have a choice, you should probably use HDB. This chapter looks at both of these versions. (Although even more UUCP versions exist, they are seldom used under Linux.) The first part of the chapter deals with configuring UUCP, and the rest of the chapter explains how to use it.



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<A NAME="E68E149"></A>



<H3 ALIGN=CENTER>



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<FONT SIZE=5 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>Configuring UUCP</B></FONT></CENTER></H3>



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<P>Most of the configuration required for UUCP takes place in the /usr/lib/uucp directory. UUCP uses several files, most of which need direct administrator modification to be set up properly. Although the configuration process can seem complex to someone who has never done it before, only a few files need changing, and each file has only one or two entries.



<BR>



<P>Because the configuration processes for Taylor UUCP and HDB UUCP are completely different, this section looks at them separately. You don't have to worry about which version of UUCP is being run at the remote end of the connection, however, because both versions can talk to each other (at least that's usually the case) as long as the configuration files are set up properly.



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<P>Some versions of Linux have semi-automated UUCP configuration scripts. These scripts are more common with HDB UUCP than Taylor UUCP, but a few helpful scripts are available for the latter. If you have one of these scripts, use it, but do check the files manually afterwards.



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<P>In the follwing examples of configuration processes, the host machine's name is merlin, and it is being connected through UUCP to another Linux system called arthur. As you go through the process, take care to enter the information in the same format as the examples, but don't mix Taylor and HDB UUCP information.



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<H3 ALIGN=CENTER>



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<FONT SIZE=5 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>Configuring Taylor UUCP</B></FONT></CENTER></H3>



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<P>The following list contains the filenames and the primary purposes of the configuration files for the Taylor UUCP system:



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<TABLE  BORDERCOLOR=#000040 BORDER=1 CELLSPACING=2 WIDTH="100%" CELLPADDING=2 >



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/usr/lib/uucp/config



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This file defines the local machine name.</FONT>



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/usr/lib/uucp/sys



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This file defines the remote systems and how to call them.</FONT>



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/usr/lib/uucp/port



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This file describes each port for calling out and its parameters.</FONT>



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/usr/lib/uucp/dial



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This file describes the dialers for calling out.</FONT>



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/usr/lib/uucp/dialcodes



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This file contains expansions for symbolic dialcodes, but it is rarely used when a straight-out telephone connection exists.</FONT>



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/usr/lib/uucp/call



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This file contains the login name and password for remote systems, but it is rarely used now.</FONT>



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/usr/lib/uucp/passwd



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<TD VALIGN=top  BGCOLOR=#80FFFF ><FONT COLOR=#000080>



This file contains the login names and passwords used when remote systems connect to your local machine. This file is used only when uucico is password checking instead of using the login process.</FONT>



</TABLE><P>To make the configuration process easier, this section proceeds with a sample configuration. You need only modify the entries to suit your own names, telephone numbers, device files, and so on. You can then repeat the process for as many systems as you want to connect to.



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<H4 ALIGN=CENTER>



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<FONT SIZE=4 COLOR="#FF0000"><B>Specifying Your System's Name</B></FONT></CENTER></H4>



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<P>The first file you need to modify holds your system name and other general parameters. The file /usr/lib/uucp/config needs a single line entry for your system name, such as this one:



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<BR>



<PRE>



<FONT COLOR="#000080">hostname merlin</FONT></PRE>



<P>The keyword hostname must be first on the line, followed by whitespace (spaces or tabs)and your machine name. The information in this file may have been completed when you installed Linux, but you should check the contents to make sure. If your system's name isn't set correctly, the connection to the remote system won't work properly.



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<HR ALIGN=CENTER>



<BR>



<NOTE>To use UUCP, you must have a system name. For compatibility with most versions of UUCP, keep the name to seven characters or less. Ideally, the UUCP name is the same name you assigned to your host during configuration. The name doesn't have to follow a convention (like the system name used by TCP/IP for Internet access), but if you use other network protocols, keep a consistent name. If you have a domain name (for TCP/IP access), use the first component of the machine's full TCP/IP name as the UUCP name. For example, if your full domain name is merlin.wizards.com, use the UUCP name merlin.</NOTE>



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