📄 appendix-a.html
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<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>SEE ALSO</B><BR>• For more details about installing or removing software using Red Hat Linux, see page 520.<HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>Finally, in this mode, you also can get more information on what each package contains, or is supposed to do, by pressing the F1 key. To continue on to the next stage of the install, Tab over to the OK button, and the installation begins.
</P>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading16"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Format and Install</FONT></H4>
<P>After any dependency issues have been resolved, the installation program lets you know that a complete listing of packages installed will be put in the <TT>/tmp/install.log</TT> file. Press Enter to continue on to the next stage. This stage is where each of the partitions that you chose previously to be formatted will have new file systems placed on them. The packages are now installed, and you can follow the progress in the Install Status window.</P>
<H3><A NAME="Heading17"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Configuring Your Hardware</FONT></H3>
<P>This final section of the chapter covers the items needed to finish the install and boot your Linux system.
</P>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading18"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Choosing a Mouse</FONT></H4>
<P>After installing the Linux software, the program then probes your system for a mouse. If one is found, the install program indicates the type and port that the mouse is connected to. Depending on the mouse, you might be asked for the number of buttons the mouse has, what protocol it uses, and if you need your two-button mouse to emulate a three-button model.
</P>
<TABLE BORDER="2" BORDERCOLOR="#0000" ALIGN="CENTER">
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Choosing a mouse</B></FONT>
<BR>Make sure to use three-button mouse emulation if you have a two-button mouse and want to use the X Window System. After choosing a mouse during the install, you can always change the values for the mouse later on with the program <TT>/usr/sbin/mouseconfig</TT>.</TABLE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>SEE ALSO</B>
<DL>
<DD><B>•</B> For more information about configuring a pointing device, such as a mouse, see page 144.
<DD><B>•</B> For information about configuring a mouse for the X Window System, see page 269.
</DL>
<HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Configuring the X Window System</B></FONT></P>
<P>The next window that comes up asks you about the X Window server you want to run. Scroll down the list of video cards and try to find a card matching the one in your computer. Note that video cards, like cars, have brand names similar to one another, but the items under the hood (chipset in the case of the card) can be very different.
</P>
<TABLE BORDER="2" BORDERCOLOR="#0000" ALIGN="CENTER">
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Having trouble fine-tuning X11?</B></FONT>
<BR>Red Hat Linux comes with a program called Xconfigurator that may help you fine-tune your X configuration. You need to know the technical details about your computer’s graphics card and monitor to properly configure X. To get help with a specific card or card chipset, look under the <TT>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc</TT> directory for technical notes concerning many chipsets and monitors after you install and boot Linux.</TABLE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>SEE ALSO</B><BR>• For more information about starting or configuring the X Window System, see page 260.<HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>If you can’t find a card that matches your computer’s card, choose the Generic VGA-compatible card that every video card should be able to emulate. After a card has been selected, the appropriate X server will be installed onto your machine.
</P>
<P>The next screen tries to determine the model of monitor you have. It is important to select a monitor that exactly matches your model. If your model isn’t listed, choose custom and fill in the values listed in your monitor’s manual.</P>
<P>If you have chosen the Generic VGA card, you are asked whether you want to probe for settings using X <TT>-probeonly</TT>. Choose not to probe, and after a moment, you should move on to the next section of the install.</P>
<TABLE BORDER="2" BORDERCOLOR="#0000" ALIGN="CENTER">
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Don’t fry your monitor!</B></FONT>
<BR>Entering incorrect values for your monitor can cause damage to the monitor. The author has smoked a monitor in the past for putting the wrong model’s data into the settings. If you can’t find the information in your monitor’s manual, try searching the manufacturer’s Internet web site for the information.</TABLE>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading19"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Network Configuration</FONT></H4>
<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>Networking setup</I></B></FONT></P>
<DL>
<DD><B>1.</B> If you will be installing this machine onto a local area network (LAN), and you want to set up networking now, you should choose the Yes button. Otherwise choose No. If needed, you can configure networking after the install.
<DD><B>2.</B> If you have chosen Yes, you are asked what network card driver the program should try. Scroll down the selection bar until you see one that matches your card. Tab to the OK button and press Enter. You are then asked whether you need to supply any options for the card. If you need to supply arguments for the card, they will be the IO address of the card (supplied in Hexadecimal), and the interrupt that the card is using (example: io=0x330 and irq=5). In most cases, the autoprobe will find the card.
<DD><B>3.</B> If the card is found, the next screen presents you with choices to set up your network. If you have a <TT>bootp</TT> server running on your network that sets up the IP addresses and other data for your machines, toggle <TT>[]Configure device with bootp</TT> and select OK. If not, you will need to input information such as the hostname, domain name, IP address, netmask value, gateway, nameserver, or NFS or FTP servers. If you’re not sure, contact your network administrator.
</DL>
<TABLE BORDER="2" BORDERCOLOR="#0000" ALIGN="CENTER">
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Don’t change default service settings</B></FONT>
<BR>Certain services should only be turned off if you know what the consequences are. Otherwise, you might run into a system that is not fully bootable. These services are as follows: <TT>atd</TT>, <TT>crond</TT>, <TT>inet</TT>, <TT>kerneld</TT>, <TT>keytable</TT>, <TT>network</TT>, and <TT>syslog</TT>.</TABLE>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading20"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Setting the Time Zone</FONT></H4>
<P>You are next asked to set up your system’s time zone and what your BIOS clock is set to. The first toggle area asks whether your computer’s BIOS clock is set to GMT. Using the BIOS clock at GMT enables Red Hat Linux to deal with daylight savings changes but can have the effect of turning other OS’s clocks off.
</P>
<P>The next selection area on the screen asks what time zone you are in. Scroll to the zone that best matches your time zone. Select OK to continue with the install.</P>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading21"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Selecting Which Services to Start</FONT></H4>
<P>The next section of the install goes over the services or daemons to start when the system restarts. The dialog box for this section of the install contains a long scrollable list of check boxes linked to a service that starts when you boot the machine. You can get more information on a service by scrolling to that service and pressing F1. If a service was selected by default, it should stay on, and if it wasn’t turned on should only be enabled when you have configured it later. You can change these services later on with the <TT>ntsysv</TT> command.</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>SEE ALSO</B><BR>• For more details about using the <TT>ntsysv</TT> command, see page 482.<HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading22"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Selecting a Printer</FONT></H4>
<P><FONT SIZE="+1"><B><I>Configuring a printer</I></B></FONT></P>
<DL>
<DD><B>1.</B> You are next asked to configure a printer. Select Yes if you want to do this now, or No if you don’t have a printer or want to install it later.
<DD><B>2.</B> Selecting Yes brings up a dialog box asking where the printer is. There are three selections available:
<TABLE WIDTH="90%">
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="30%" ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP"><TT>Local</TT>
<TD WIDTH="70%" ALIGN="LEFT">Meaning a printer connected to the computer.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><TT>Remote lpd</TT>
<TD>This printer is one connected to your LAN that can communicate via <TT>lpd</TT>.
<TR>
<TD VALIGN="TOP"><TT>LAN Manager</TT>
<TD>Use this if the network printer is printed to via a LAN Manager or SMB printer server.
</TABLE>
<DD><B>3.</B> Choosing local printer asks you to name the printer queue (<TT>lp</TT> by default) and the spool directory that this printer will use. For the purposes of this install, you should probably choose the default values and select Next.
<DD><B>4.</B> The computer then tries to determine what printer ports are available and asks you to match the printer to the ones found. Pressing Next sends you to the next section of the install.
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>SEE ALSO</B><BR>• For more information about configuring your printer for Linux, see page 74.<HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<DD><B>5.</B> Choosing <TT>Remote lpd</TT> printer brings up a dialog box asking you the name of the machine you will be printing to, and the name of the queue on that machine. For example, if the printer on the <TT>lpd</TT> print server is called laser, you would enter <B>laser</B> and the hostname of the print server. Pressing Next sends you to the next section of the install.
<DD><B>6.</B> Choosing <TT>LAN Manager</TT> brings up a dialog box that will set up various <TT>smbfs</TT> items for you. The first selection is the LAN Manager host name, the next is the IP address of that LAN Manager host, followed by the Share Name of the Printer, and finally the Username and Password needed to access the printer. Pressing Next sends you to the next section of the install.
<DD><B>7.</B> The next screens complete the Printer setup. You are first asked what kind of printer you have. Choose a printer that is similar to your printer, and if not found, select a text-only printer. Select Next and press Enter to begin choosing paper sizes.
<DD><B>8.</B> If the printer has multiple resolutions available, choose the one that you want to use.
<DD><B>9.</B> Select the <TT>Stair Stepping</TT> option if your printer does not send a carriage return at the end of a line, causing your printing to look tilted as everything becomes a run-on. When finished with this screen, select Next and press Enter.
<DD><B>10.</B> The next screen shows you all the values for the printer you have chosen. If you are happy with these items, select Done and press Enter. If not, choose Edit, and you will go back through the printer selection. When you’re happy, click on Done, and you will go on to the next stage of the install.
</DL>
<TABLE BORDER="2" BORDERCOLOR="#0000" ALIGN="CENTER">
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>Setting up a network printer</B></FONT>
<BR>If you’re trying to connect to a network printer, it would be a good idea to wait until you can ask your system administrator for help. You can always come back and add the printer later with the <TT>printtool</TT> command during an X Window session.</TABLE>
<H4 ALIGN="LEFT"><A NAME="Heading23"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Entering Your Initial Password</FONT></H4>
<P>The next screen asks you to type a root password for your computer. This password is used to log in the administrative account as root. Your first login is as root so that you can set up other accounts and finalize setting up any other system items before bringing the machine into “production.” In choosing a root password (or any password, for that matter), choose one that is at least six characters and not a word found in a dictionary, a set of numbers, or some item that is easily guessable about you (such as your birthday).
</P>
<TABLE BORDER="2" BORDERCOLOR="#0000" ALIGN="CENTER">
<TR><TD><FONT SIZE="+1"><B>What’s the password on good passwords?</B></FONT>
<BR>Good passwords have a mixture of numerals and case, or are acronyms of sentences or combined words. Examples of good passwords (at least until this is published) would be Fraz93Re, SH22puk, Iam99bal. Passwords are case-sensitive and usually have a limit of only eight characters (so Fraz93Rent and Fraz93Rex would both be considered the same password).</TABLE>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>SEE ALSO</B><BR>• For more information about passwords and Linux, see page 422.<HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>Come up with a password for your machine, write it down on a separate piece of paper, and then enter it in the dialog box areas. For security reasons, what you type does not show up on the screen. For this reason, you need to enter the password twice to confirm that you are typing it the same way. When you have entered it twice, select OK and press Enter. If the two passwords match, you will go on to the next screen. If they don’t, you will need to reenter them.
</P>
<P>Remember, the root user has complete access and control over the system and can look into or change any file on the system—this is why this password should be kept secure!</P>
<H3><A NAME="Heading24"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Selecting Boot Options</FONT></H3>
<P>You have reached the final stretch of the installation. This is the part where you decide how you will boot Linux after the installation.
</P>
<P>The screen you are presented with, shown in Figure A.11, gives you the choice of installing <TT>LILO</TT> (the bootloader) to two different parts of the system.</P>
<P><A NAME="Fig11"></A><A HREF="javascript:displayWindow('images/apa-11.jpg',399,169 )"><IMG SRC="images/apa-11t.jpg"></A>
<BR><A HREF="javascript:displayWindow('images/apa-11.jpg',399,169)"><FONT COLOR="#000077"><B>Figure A.11</B></FONT></A> Selecting where you want to install the bootloader. Most people should select the default Master Boot Record option.</P>
<DL>
<DD><B>•</B> Master Boot Record. This replaces the master boot record of the system, causing a LILO prompt to come up each time you boot the machine. Useful in most cases.
<DD><B>•</B> First Sector of the Root Partition. This option can be used if you have another boot loader on your system (OS/2, NT, Partition Magic, or System Commander are some examples). These boot loaders are already in the Master Boot Record of the primary drive, and you don’t want to replace them. With LILO installed to the root partition, you can then configure the other boot system to start that OS.
</DL>
<P>You also can choose to skip the installation of LILO to the hard drive. This is usually done when you want to use the LOADLIN program or if you installed Linux to an IDE system on the boot floppy. Choose which of the methods you want and select either OK or SKIP.
</P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
<P><FONT SIZE="-1"><HR><B>SEE ALSO</B><BR>• For more information about using LILO and LOADLIN, see page 382.<HR></FONT>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>Whether you selected the First Sector of the Root Partition or the Master Boot Record, you are shown a screen asking for any boot options you need to pass to the machine or if you need to use the linear addressing mode to write to the system. For most systems, you don’t have to choose anything going with the default.
</P>
<P>When LILO has been written to the boot record, you see a screen notifying you that the install is done, to remove the floppy disk from the drive, and to press Enter. If you do not get this screen, press Alt+F3 and Alt+F4 to check related screens to see whether an error occurred during the LILO installation. In that case, you might need to skip the LILO installation and then use the alternative methods of booting.</P>
<H3><A NAME="Heading25"></A><FONT COLOR="#000077">Booting Linux</FONT></H3>
<P>After LILO or LOADLIN has been installed, you can boot the Linux operating system. If LILO was chosen, you see the LILO prompt:
</P>
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<PRE>
LILO:
</PRE>
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<P>If you don’t do anything at this point, the system automatically boots into Linux after a short timeout. If you have set up your system to boot to other operating systems, you can press the Tab key to see what choices are available and then just type in your option and press Enter.
</P>
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<PRE>
linux dos
LILO:
</PRE>
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<P>After a few seconds, you see a set of text as the kernel boots up for the first time. After a short while, you should see the following prompt:
</P>
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<PRE>
Red Hat Linux release 5.0 (Hurricane)
Kernel 2.0.32 on an i586
login:
</PRE>
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<P>You are now ready to log in to the Red Hat Linux system. To do so, type <B>root</B>, and you are prompted for a password. Type the password you typed during the install, and you should get a <TT>#</TT> prompt indicating that you have successfully logged on.</P><P><BR></P>
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