llncs.doc

The Little Green BATS is the first and so far only Dutch team in the 3D simulation league. We are a

% This is LLNCS.DOC the documentation file of
% the LaTeX macro package from Springer-Verlag
% for Lecture Notes in Computer Science, version 1.2
\documentstyle[llncsdoc]{llncs}
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\newfont{\titelfont}{cmr10 scaled 1728}
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\markboth{Style File for Authors Coding with \LaTeX{}}{Style File
for Authors Coding with \LaTeX{}}
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\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\begin{flushleft}
{\titelbffont Style File}\\[6pt]
{\titelbffont for Authors Coding with \LaTex{}}\\[2cm]
\end{flushleft}
\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}
\vspace{2pt}
\begin{flushright}
\begin{tabular}{@{}l}
{\titelbigfont Lecture Notes}\\[7pt]
{\titelbigfont in Computer Science}\\[10pt]
{\titelfont Version 1.1}
\end{tabular}
\end{flushright}
\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}
\vfill
\begin{flushright}
\begin{tabular}{@{}l}
{\titelfont Springer-Verlag}\\[8pt]
{\titelfont Berlin\enspace Heidelberg\enspace New\kern0.1em York}\\[5pt]
{\titelfont London\enspace Paris\enspace Tokyo}\\[5pt]
{\titelfont Hong Kong\enspace Barcelona\enspace Budapest}
\end{tabular}
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\newpage
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\section*{For further information please contact us:}
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\begin{flushleft}
\begin{tabular}{l@{\quad}l@{\hspace{3mm}}l}
$\bullet$  & \multicolumn{2}{l}{\bf Springer-Verlag Heidelberg}\\[1mm]
& \multicolumn{2}{l}{Department New Technologies/Product Development}\\
& \multicolumn{2}{l}{Springer-Verlag, Postfach 105280, W-6900 Heidelberg
1, FRG}\\[0.5mm]
 & Telex:     & 461723\\
 & Telefax:   & [phone]\\
 &bitnet/EARN:& SPRINGER @ DHDSPRI6
\end{tabular}
\end{flushleft}
\rule{\textwidth}{1pt}
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\section*{Acceptable formats of your disk/magnetic tape and output:}
%
The following formats are acceptable: 5.25$^{\prime\prime}$ diskette
MS-DOS, 5.25$^{\prime\prime}$ CP/M, 3.5$^{\prime\prime}$ diskette
MS-DOS, 3.5$^{\prime\prime}$ diskette Apple MacIntosh, 9-track 1600
bpi magnetic tape VAX/VMS, 9-track 1600 bpi magnetic tape ANSI with
label, SUN-Streamer Tape.

Once you have completed your work using this macro package,
please submit your own printout of the {\it final
version together with the disk or magnetic tape}, containing your
\LaTeX{} input (source) file und the final DVI-file and make sure
that the text is {\it identical in both cases.}

\bigskip
This macro package, as well as all other macro packages and style
files that Springer distributes, are also available through our
mailserver

SVSERV @ DHDSPRI6.bitnet
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\newpage
\tableofcontents
\newpage
%
\section{Introduction}
%
Authors wishing to code their contribution
with \LaTeX{}, as well as those who have already coded with \LaTeX{},
will be provided with a style file that will give the text the
desired layout. Authors are requested to
adhere strictly to these instructions; {\it the style
file must not be changed}.

The text output area is automatically set within an area of
12.2\,cm horizontally  and 19.3\,cm vertically.

If you are already familiar with \LaTeX{}, then the
LLNCS style file should not give you any major difficulties.
This style file will change the layout to the required LLNCS style
(it will for instance  define the layout of \verb|\section|).
We had to invent some extra commands,
which are not provided by \LaTeX{} (e.g.\
\verb|\institute|, see also Sect.\,\ref{contbegin})

For the main body of the paper (the text) you
should use the commands of the standard \LaTeX{} ``article'' style.
Even if you are familiar with those commands, we urge you to read
this entire documentation thoroughly. It contains many suggestions on
how to use our commands properly; thus  your paper
will be formatted exactly to LLNCS standard.
For the input of the references at the end of your contribution,
please follow our instructions given in Sect.\,\ref{refer} References.

The majority of these hints are not specific for LLNCS; they may improve
your use of \LaTeX{} in general.
Furthermore, the documentation provides suggestions about the proper
editing and use
of the input files (capitalization, abbreviation etc.) (see
Sect.\,\ref{refedit} How to Edit Your Input File).
%
\section{How to Proceed}
%
Please insert the enclosed diskette or tape into your computer. You will
find the following files:
\begin{flushleft}
\begin{tabular}{@{}p{2.5cm}l}
{\it llncs.doc}  & General instructions (this document),\\
        & {\it llncs.doc} means llncs latex documentation\\
{\it llncs.dem}  & An example showing how to code the text\\
{\it llncs.sty}  & Style file to invoke  \LaTeX{}
\end{tabular}
\end{flushleft}
You have to run each file twice with: \verb|latex file.name|.
%
\subsection{How to Invoke the LLNCS Style File}
%
The LLNCS style file is an adaptation of the \LaTeX{} ``article'' style.
Therefore you may use all ``article'' style commands to prepare your
manuscript.
LLNCS style is invoked by replacing ``article'' by ``llncs'' in the
first
line of your document:
\begin{verbatim}
\documentstyle{llncs}
%
\begin{document}
  <Your contribution>
\end{document}
\end{verbatim}
%
\subsection{Contributions Already  Coded with \protect\LaTeX{} without
the \protect\\ LLNCS Style File}
%
If your file is already coded with \LaTeX{} you can easily
adapt it a posteriori to LLNCS style.

Please refrain from using any \LaTeX{} or \TeX{} commands
that affect the layout or formatting of your document (i.e. commands
like \verb|\textheight|, \verb|\vspace|, \verb|\hoffset| etc.).
There may nevertheless be exceptional occasions on which to
use some of them.

The LLNCS style has been carefully designed to produce the right layout
from your \LaTeX{} input. If there is anything specific you would like
to do and  for which the style file does not provide a command,
{\em please contact us.\/}
%
\section{General Rules for Coding Formulas}
%
With mathematical formulas you may proceed as described
in Sect.\,3.3 of the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference
Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport (1986), Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company, Reading, Mass.

Equations are automatically numbered sequentially throughout your
contribution using arabic numerals in parentheses on the right-hand
side.

When you are working in math mode everything is typeset in italics.
Sometimes you need to insert non-mathematical elements (e.g.\
words or phrases). Such insertions should be coded in  roman
(with \verb|\mbox|) as illustrated in the following example:
\begin{flushleft}
{\it Sample Input}
\end{flushleft}
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{equation}
  \left(\frac{a^{2} + b^{2}}{c^{3}} \right) = 1 \quad
  \mbox{ if } c\neq 0 \mbox{ and if } a,b,c\in \bbbr \enspace .
\end{equation}
\end{verbatim}
{\it Sample Output}
\begin{equation}
  \left(\frac{a^{2} + b^{2}}{c^{3}} \right) = 1 \quad
  \mbox{ if } c\neq 0 \mbox{ and if } a,b,c\in \bbbr \enspace .
\end{equation}

If you wish to start a new paragraph immediately after a displayed
equation, insert a blank line so as to produce the required
indentation. If there is no new paragraph either do not insert
a blank line or code \verb|\noindent| immediately before
continuing the text. Titles have no end punctuation.

Please punctuate a displayed equation in the same way as other
ordinary  text but with an \verb|\enspace| before end punctuation.

Note that the sizes of the parentheses or other delimiter
symbols used in equations should ideally match the height of the
formulas being enclosed. This is automatically taken care of by
the following \LaTeX{} commands:\\[2mm]
\verb|\left(| or \verb|\left[| and
\verb|\right)| or \verb|\right]|.
%
\subsection{Italic and Roman Type in Math Mode}
%
\begin{alpherate}
\item
In math mode \TeX{} and \LaTeX{} treat all letters as though they
were mathematical or physical variables, hence they are typeset in
italics. However, for certain components of formulas, like short texts,
this would be incorrect and therefore coding in  roman is required.
Roman should also be used for
subscripts and superscripts {\it in formulas\/} where these are
merely labels and not in themselves variables,
e.g.\ $T_{\rm eff}$ \ not \ $T_{eff}$,
$T_{\rm K}$ \ not \ $T_K$ (K = Kelvin),
$m_{\rm e}$ \ not \ $m_e$ (e = electron).
However, do not code for roman
if the sub/superscripts represent variables,
e.g.\ $\sum_{i=1}^{n} a_{i}$.
\item
Please ensure that {\em physical units\/} (e.g.\ pc, erg s$^{-1}$
K, cm$^{-3}$, W m$^{-2}$ Hz$^{-1}$, m kg s$^{-2}$ A$^{-2}$) and
{\it abbreviations} such as Ord, Var, GL, SL, sgn, const.\
are always set in roman type. To ensure
this use the \verb|\rm| command: \verb|{\rm Hz}|.
On p.\ 46 of the {\em \LaTeX{} User's Guide \& Reference
Manual\/} by Leslie Lamport you will find the names of
common mathe\-matical functions, such as log, sin, exp, max and sup.
These should be coded as \verb|\log|,
\verb|\sin|, \verb|\exp|, \verb|\max|, \verb|\sup|
and will appear in roman.
\item
Chemical symbols and formulas should be coded for roman,
e.g.\ Fe not $Fe$, H$_2$O not {\em H$_2$O\/}.
\item
Familiar foreign words and phrases, e.g.\ et al.,
a priori, in situ, brems\-strah\-lung, eigenvalues should not be
italicized.
\end{alpherate}
%
\section{How to Edit Your Input (Source) File}
\label{refedit}
%
\subsection{Headings}
%
All words in  headings should be capitalized except for
conjunctions,  prepositions
(e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but,  from, with, without, under)
and definite and indefinite articles (the, a, an) unless they appear at
the beginning. Formula letters must be typeset as in the text.
%
\subsection{Capitalization and Non-capitalization}
%
\begin{alpherate}
\item
The following should always be capitalized:
\begin{itemize}
\item
Headings (see preceding Sect.\,4.1)
\item
Abbreviations and expressions
in the text such as  Fig(s)., Table(s), Sect(s)., Chap(s).,
Theorem, Corollary, Definition etc. when used with numbers, e.g.\
Fig.\,3, Table\,1, Theorem 2.
\end{itemize}
Please follow the special rules in Sect.\,4.3 for referring to
equations.
\item
The following should {\it not\/} be capitalized:
\begin{itemize}
\item
The words  figure(s), table(s), equation(s),
theorem(s) in the text when used without an accompanying number
\item
Figure legends and table captions except for names and
abbreviations.
\end{itemize}
\end{alpherate}
%
\subsection{Abbreviation of Words}
%
\begin{alpherate}
\item
The following {\it should} be abbreviated when they appear in running
text {\it unless\/} they come at the beginning of a sentence: Chap.,
Sect., Fig.; e.g.\ The results are depicted in Fig.\,5. Figure 9 reveals
that \dots .\\
{\it Please note\/}: Equations should usually be referred to solely by
their number in parentheses: e.g.\ (14). However, when the reference
comes at the beginning of a sentence, the unabbreviated word
``Equation'' should be used: e.g.\ Equation (14) is very important.
However, (15) makes it clear that \dots .
\item
If abbreviations of names or concepts are used
throughout the text, they should be defined at first occurrence,
e.g.\ Plurisubharmonic (PSH) Functions, Strong Optimization (SOPT)
Problem.
\end{alpherate}
%
\section{How to Code the Beginning of Your Contribution}
\label{contbegin}
%
The title of your contribution should be coded as follows:
\begin{verbatim}
\title{<Your contribution title>}
\end{verbatim}
All words in  titles should be capitalized except for
conjunctions, prepositions
(e.g.\ on, of, by, and, or, but,  from, with, without, under)
and definite and indefinite articles (the, a, an) unless they appear at
the beginning. Formula letters must be typeset as in the text.
Titles have no end punctuation.

If a long \verb|\title| must be divided please use the
code  \verb|\\| (for new line).\\[6mm]
Now the name(s) of the authors(s) must be given:
\begin{verbatim}
\author{<author(s) name(s)>}
\end{verbatim}
Numbers referring to different addresses are
to be attached to each author.
If you have done this correctly, the entry now reads, for example:
\begin{verbatim}
\author{Ivar Ekeland\inst{1} and Roger Temam\inst{2}}
\end{verbatim}
The first name\footnote{Other initials are optional
and may be inserted if this is the usual
way of writing your name, e.g.\ Alfred J.~Holmes, E.~Henry Green.}
is followed by the surname.

If there is more than one author, the order is up to you.
However, if there are more than two authors, you must separate the names
by commas. If the authors have different affiliations,
each name has to be followed by:
\begin{verbatim}
\inst{<no>}
\end{verbatim}
\newpage
Next the address(es) of institute(s), company etc. is (are) required.
If there is more than one address, the entries are numbered
automatically with \verb|\and|, in the order in which you type them.
Please make sure that the numbers match those placed next to
to the authors' names.
\begin{verbatim}
\institute{<name of an institute>
\and <name of the next institute>
\and <name of the next institute>}
\end{verbatim}
Unlike usual \LaTeX{} the \verb|\and| command is used with the
\verb|\institute| and not with the \verb|\author| command.

\medskip
If footnotes are needed in \verb|\title| please code
(immediately after the word where the footnote
indicator should be placed):
\begin{verbatim}
\thanks{<text>}
\end{verbatim}
\verb|\thanks| may only appear in \verb|\title|, \verb|\author|
and \verb|\institute| (see below) to footnote anything.

\medskip\noindent
The command
\begin{verbatim}
\maketitle
\end{verbatim}
formats the complete heading of your article. If you leave
it out the work done so far will produce {\bf no} text,