mod_access.html.en

apache的软件linux版本

      <span class="indent">
        Order Deny,Allow<br />
        Deny from all<br />
        Allow from env=let_me_in<br />
      </span>
      &lt;/Directory&gt;
    </code></p></div>

    <p>In this case, browsers with a user-agent string beginning
    with <code>KnockKnock/2.0</code> will be allowed access, and all
    others will be denied.</p>

</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Deny" id="Deny">Deny</a> <a name="deny" id="deny">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Controls which hosts are denied access to the
server</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code> Deny from all|<var>host</var>|env=<var>env-variable</var>
[<var>host</var>|env=<var>env-variable</var>] ...</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Limit</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_access</td></tr>
</table>
    <p>This directive allows access to the server to be restricted
    based on hostname, IP address, or environment variables. The
    arguments for the <code class="directive">Deny</code> directive are
    identical to the arguments for the <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> directive.</p>

</div>
<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="Order" id="Order">Order</a> <a name="order" id="order">Directive</a></h2>
<table class="directive">
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Controls the default access state and the order in which
<code class="directive">Allow</code> and <code class="directive">Deny</code> are
evaluated.</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code> Order <var>ordering</var></code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>Order Deny,Allow</code></td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>Limit</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_access</td></tr>
</table>

    <p>The <code class="directive">Order</code> directive, along with the
    <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives, controls a
    three-pass access control system. The first pass processes either
    all <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or all
    <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives, as
    specified by the <code class="directive">Order</code> directive. The second
    pass parses the rest of the directives (<code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code>). The third pass applies to
    all requests which do not match either of the first two.</p>

    <p>Note that all <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code>
    and <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives are
    processed, unlike a typical firewall, where only the first match is
    used. The last match is effective (also unlike a typical firewall).
    Additionally, the order in which lines appear in the configuration
    files is not significant -- all <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> lines are processed as one
    group, all <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> lines are
    considered as another, and the default state is considered by
    itself.</p>

    <p><em>Ordering</em> is one of:</p>

    <dl>
      <dt><code>Allow,Deny</code></dt>

      <dd>First, all <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code>
      directives are evaluated; at least one must match, or the request
      is rejected. Next, all <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives are evaluated. If
      any matches, the request is rejected. Last, any requests which do
      not match an <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or a
      <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directive are
      denied by default.</dd>

      <dt><code>Deny,Allow</code></dt>

      <dd>First, all <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code>
      directives are evaluated; if any match, the request is denied
      <strong>unless</strong> it also matches an <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> directive. Any requests
      which do not match any <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives are
      permitted.</dd>

      <dt><code>Mutual-failure</code></dt>

      <dd>This order has the same effect as <code>Order
      Allow,Deny</code> and is deprecated in its favor.</dd>
    </dl>

    <p>Keywords may only be separated by a comma; <em>no whitespace</em>
    is allowed between them.</p>

    <table class="bordered">
      <tr>
        <th>Match</th>
        <th>Allow,Deny result</th>
        <th>Deny,Allow result</th>
      </tr><tr>
        <th>Match Allow only</th>
        <td>Request allowed</td>
        <td>Request allowed</td>
      </tr><tr>
        <th>Match Deny only</th>
        <td>Request denied</td>
        <td>Request denied</td>
      </tr><tr>
        <th>No match</th>
        <td>Default to second directive: Denied</td>
        <td>Default to second directive: Allowed</td>
      </tr><tr>
        <th>Match both Allow &amp; Deny</th>
        <td>Final match controls: Denied</td>
        <td>Final match controls: Allowed</td>
      </tr>
    </table>

    <p>In the following example, all hosts in the apache.org domain
    are allowed access; all other hosts are denied access.</p>

    <div class="example"><p><code>
      Order Deny,Allow<br />
      Deny from all<br />
      Allow from apache.org
    </code></p></div>

    <p>In the next example, all hosts in the apache.org domain are
    allowed access, except for the hosts which are in the foo.apache.org
    subdomain, who are denied access. All hosts not in the apache.org
    domain are denied access because the default state is to <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> access to the server.</p>

    <div class="example"><p><code>
      Order Allow,Deny<br />
      Allow from apache.org<br />
      Deny from foo.apache.org
    </code></p></div>

    <p>On the other hand, if the <code class="directive">Order</code> in the
    last example is changed to <code>Deny,Allow</code>, all hosts will
    be allowed access. This happens because, regardless of the actual
    ordering of the directives in the configuration file, the
    <code>Allow from apache.org</code> will be evaluated last and will
    override the <code>Deny from foo.apache.org</code>. All hosts not in
    the <code>apache.org</code> domain will also be allowed access
    because the default state is <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code>.</p>

    <p>The presence of an <code class="directive">Order</code> directive can
    affect access to a part of the server even in the absence of
    accompanying <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> and
    <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directives because
    of its effect on the default access state.  For example,</p>

    <div class="example"><p><code>
      &lt;Directory /www&gt;<br />
      <span class="indent">
        Order Allow,Deny<br />
      </span>
      &lt;/Directory&gt;
    </code></p></div>

    <p>will <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> all access
    to the <code>/www</code> directory because the default access state
    is set to <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code>.</p>

    <p>The <code class="directive">Order</code> directive controls the order of
    access directive processing only within each phase of the server's
    configuration processing. This implies, for example, that an
    <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directive occurring in a
    <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#location">&lt;Location&gt;</a></code> section
    will always be evaluated after an <code class="directive"><a href="#allow">Allow</a></code> or <code class="directive"><a href="#deny">Deny</a></code> directive occurring in a
    <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#directory">&lt;Directory&gt;</a></code>
    section or <code>.htaccess</code> file, regardless of the setting of
    the <code class="directive">Order</code> directive. For details on the
    merging of configuration sections, see the documentation on <a href="../sections.html">How Directory, Location and Files sections
    work</a>.</p>

</div>
</div>
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