boot51.doc

Free 8051 asm compiler for linux new host platforms: Win32 and Linux macro processing dramatica

          chmod a+x,u+s reset51

    Once again a warning: don't do this, if your system should have a higher
    level of security! If there are more users who have access to the system,
    better define a special group "embedded" (or something) in /etc/group and
    add all users who need to run reset51. Then disable execution for all
    other users:

          chown root reset51
          chgrp embedded reset51
          chmod o-x,ug+x,u+s reset51

    This may considerably improve your system security.

 4. The boot script aborts with the error message

         resetting target system ...
    @@@@@ hardware failure: lp0 @@@@@

    although there are two perfectly working printer ports in your PC.
    The reason may be that you run a 2.0.x (or earlier) Linux kernel,
    which assigns fixed I/O base addresses to the printer port devices:
    there is no printer port with base address 0x3bc in your system!
    Try /dev/lp1 (0x378) and /dev/lp2 (0x278) as reset devices, and
    change your boot script accordingly.

 5. The boot script aborts with the error message

         resetting target system ...
    @@@@@ port not found: /dev/lp2 @@@@@

    on a PC with two printer ports and a 2.2.x (or later) kernel.
    There is no entry for /dev/lp2 in /proc/parport/2!

    From version 2.2.0 the Linux kernel provides the parport layer for
    dynamic printer port assignment, as known from the PC-BIOS.
    If you have recently updated from a 2.0.x (or earlier) kernel, your
    previous printer port /dev/lp2 may now simply be called /dev/lp1 in
    a 2.2.x (or later) system.
    Try /dev/lp1 as reset device, and change your boot script accordingly.
    If this doesn't apply, make sure that

    - the /proc file system is configured and mounted
    - the kernel contains the kernel module loader kmod
    - the kernel is configured for parport support
    - the kernel modules lp, parport, and parport_pc are loaded
    - all printer ports are configured in /etc/modules.conf, e.g.

          options parport_pc io=0x378,0x278 irq=7,none

    Configure and recompile your kernel respectively, if necessary.
    For further information refer to the documentation files parport.txt,
    modules.txt, kmod.txt and README provided with recent kernel sources,
    or ask a real Linux expert!
    (See also chapter "III.4 Shell Script Operation under Linux".)

 6. The boot script aborts with the error message

         resetting target system ...
    ./upload: /dev/ttyS4: Device or resource busy

    The interrupt of the serial interface may already be used by another
    driver (i.e. printer port, USB).
    Try to find and solve the interrupt conflict. (See items 2 and 5.)



Appendix A:     CUSTOMIZ Error Messages
===========


A.1 Parameter Errors:
---------------------
Parameter errors apply to the correctness and consistency of the command
line parameters. If one of these errors is detected, it is flagged on the
console, and CUSTOMIZ is aborting with exit code 1:

accuracy out of range                 Baudrate accuracy < 0, or > 5 %.
address out of range                  Address is no unsigned 16-bit number.
baudrate out of range                 Specified baudrate is < 0.
clock frequency out of range          Specified clock frequency is < 0.
illegal real number                   Parameter is no valid real number.
invalid hex number                    Parameter is no valid hex number.
too many parameters                   More than 6 parameters specified.
unknown baudrate generator            Baudrate generator not implemented.



A.2 Baudrate Errors:
--------------------
Baudrate errors apply to the results that CUSTOMIZ has derived from the
given program parameters. If one of these errors is detected, it is flagged
on the console, and CUSTOMIZ is aborting with exit code 1:

baudrate cannot be generated          Baudrate error is greater than 10 %.
insufficient accuracy                 Baudrate error is greater than the
                                      required accuracy.


A.3 Runtime Errors:
-------------------
In general, runtime errors are file I/O errors.
If one of these errors is detected, it is flagged on the console,
and CUSTOMIZ is aborting with exit code 2:

access denied                 No privilege for attempted operation.
disk full                     No more free disk space.
disk write-protected          Attempt to write to a write-protected disk.
drive not ready               Disk drive is off, or no media mounted.
fatal I/O error               General (unknown) disk or device I/O error.



Appendix B:     RESET51 Error Messages
===========

                General Errors:

too many parameters           More than two parameters specified.
illegal port name             Unknown device name.
invalid pulse-width           Pulse width is 0, or no unsigned 16-bit number.
hardware failure              The port register cannot be read back.

                MS-DOS only:

port not found                The BIOS did not recognize the port.

                Linux only:

no root privilege             Program doesn't run as root.
access denied                 No r/w access to character device.
port not found                Port entry not found in /proc/parport
invalid base address          Format error in /proc/parport/n/hardware



Appendix C:     BOOT-51 Error Messages
===========

checksum error                Intel-HEX record checksum is not correct.
illegal command               A command other than U or G has been entered.
illegal hex digit             Hex digit expected. Another character received.
illegal record ID             Intel-HEX record type is greater than 1.
unexpected character          The received Intel-HEX record doesn't start
                              with ':', or doesn't end with CR, LF, or CR/LF.



Appendix D:     Trademarks
===========


ASEM-51 is a trademark of W.W. Heinz.
MCS-51 is a trademark of Intel Corporation.
MCB-517 is a trademark of Keil Elektronik GmbH.
TELIX is a trademark of deltaComm Development.
IBM-PC, IBM-XT, and IBM-AT are trademarks of IBM Corporation.
MS-DOS is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Linux is a trademark of Linus Torvalds.
All device codes of 8051 derivatives are trademarks of the manufacturers.
Other brand and product names are trademarks of their respective holders.



Appendix E:     Tables of Baudrates
===========


The following tables show the most frequently used baudrates that can
be generated with a particular timer or baudrate generator, for some
standard clock frequencies.
Baudrates which can be generated with a relative accuracy of better
than 4.0 %, are marked with that accuracy (in %) or with a '+' character,
if they can be generated exactly (better than 0.01 %).




Baudrates that can be generated with Timer 1:
---------------------------------------------


bps\MHz | 7.3728  11.0592  12.0000  14.7456  16.0000  18.0000  20.0000  24.0000
--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------
 128000 |                                                                 2.34
  76800 |                              +
  64000 |                    2.34                                         2.34
  57600 |            +
  38400 |   +                          +
  31250 |                     +                          +                 +
  19200 |   +        +                 +                2.34
  14400 |            +                         3.55              3.34     3.55
  12500 |  2.40               +       2.40                                 +
   9600 |   +        +                 +       3.55     2.34     1.36     0.16
   7200 |            +       3.55     3.03     3.55     0.16     3.34     2.12
   4800 |   +        +       0.16      +       2.12     2.34     1.36     0.16
   3600 |  3.03      +       2.12     1.59     0.64     0.16     0.22     0.79
   2400 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.79     0.16     0.94     0.16
   1800 |  1.59      +       0.79     0.78     0.64     0.16     0.22     0.64
   1200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.64     0.16     0.22     0.16
    600 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.22     0.16
    300 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.22     0.16
    200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.16     1.73
    150 |   +        +       0.16      +
    134 |  0.20     0.03     0.09
    110 |  0.26     2.27
     75 |   +






Baudrates that can be generated with Timer 2 of the 8052:
---------------------------------------------------------


bps\MHz | 7.3728  11.0592  12.0000  14.7456  16.0000  18.0000  20.0000  24.0000
--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------
 460800 |                              +
 256000 |                                      2.34                       2.34
 230400 |   +                          +
 128000 |                    2.34              2.34              2.34     2.34
 115200 |   +        +                 +                2.34
  76800 |   +                2.34      +                         1.73     2.34
  64000 |                    2.34     2.86     2.34     2.34     2.34     2.34
  57600 |   +        +                 +       3.55     2.34     1.36     0.16
  38400 |   +        +       2.34      +       0.16     2.34     1.73     2.34
  31250 |           0.54      +       1.70      +        +        +        +
  19200 |   +        +       2.34      +       0.16     1.02     1.36     0.16
  14400 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.79     0.16     0.94     0.16
  12500 |  2.40     1.26      +       0.37      +        +        +        +
   9600 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.69     0.16     0.16
   7200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.64     0.16     0.22     0.16
   4800 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.16     0.16     0.16
   3600 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.22     0.16
   2400 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.16     0.16     0.16
   1800 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.06     0.08
   1200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.05     0.03      +
    600 |   +        +        +        +       0.04     0.05     0.03      +
    300 |   +        +        +        +       0.02      +       0.02      +
    200 |   +        +        +        +        +       0.02      +        +
    150 |   +        +        +        +       0.01      +        +        +
    134 |  0.02      +       0.02      +        +        +        +        +
    110 |  0.02      +        +        +       0.01      +        +        +
     75 |   +        +        +        +        +        +        +        +
     50 |   +        +        +        +        +        +        +        +






Baudrates that can be generated with the 80535 Internal Baudrate Generator:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------


bps\MHz | 7.3728  11.0592  12.0000  14.7456  16.0000  18.0000  20.0000  24.0000
--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------
  19200 |                                                                  +
  14400 |                                                +
  12500 |                                      2.40
   9600 |                     +                                            +
   7200 |                                                +
   4800 |                     +






Baudrates that can be generated with the 80C515A Internal Baudrate Generator:
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


bps\MHz | 7.3728  11.0592  12.0000  14.7456  16.0000  18.0000  20.0000  24.0000
--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------
 460800 |                              +
 256000 |                                      2.34                       2.34
 230400 |   +                          +
 128000 |                    2.34              2.34              2.34     2.34
 115200 |   +        +                 +                2.34
  76800 |   +                2.34      +                         1.73     2.34
  64000 |                    2.34     2.86     2.34     2.34     2.34     2.34
  57600 |   +        +                 +       3.55     2.34     1.36     0.16
  38400 |   +        +       2.34      +       0.16     2.34     1.73     2.34
  31250 |           0.54      +       1.70      +        +        +        +
  19200 |   +        +       2.34      +       0.16     1.02     1.36     0.16
  14400 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.79     0.16     0.94     0.16
  12500 |  2.40     1.26      +       0.37      +        +        +        +
   9600 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.69     0.16     0.16
   7200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.64     0.16     0.22     0.16
   4800 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.16     0.16     0.16
   3600 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.22     0.16
   2400 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.16     0.16     0.16
   1800 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.06     0.08
   1200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.05     0.03      +
    600 |   +        +        +        +       0.04     0.05     0.03      +
    300 |   +        +        +        +       0.04     0.05     1.73
    200 |   +        +       0.05
    150 |   +
    134 |  0.03
    110 |  2.27






Baudrates that can be generated with Timer 1 of the DALLAS 80C320:
------------------------------------------------------------------


bps\MHz | 7.3728  11.0592  12.0000  14.7456  16.0000  18.0000  20.0000  24.0000
--------+----------------------------------------------------------------------
 256000 |                                      2.34
 230400 |                              +
 128000 |                                      2.34                       2.34
 115200 |   +                          +
  76800 |                              +                         1.73     2.34
  64000 |                    2.34              2.34              2.34     2.34
  57600 |   +        +                 +                2.34
  38400 |   +                2.34      +                         1.73     2.34
  31250 |                     +                 +        +        +        +
  19200 |   +        +       2.34      +       0.16     2.34     1.73     2.34
  14400 |   +        +       0.16      +       2.12     2.34     1.36     0.16
  12500 |  2.40     1.26      +       2.40      +       2.17      +        +
   9600 |   +        +       2.34      +       0.16     1.02     1.36     0.16
   7200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.79     0.16     0.94     0.16
   4800 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.69     0.16     0.16
   3600 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.64     0.16     0.22     0.16
   2400 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.16     0.16     0.16
   1800 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.22     0.16
   1200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.16     0.16     0.16
    600 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.22     0.16
    300 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.08     0.16     0.22     0.16
    200 |   +        +       0.16      +       0.16     0.16     1.73
    150 |   +        +       0.16      +
    134 |  0.20     0.03     0.09
    110 |  0.26     2.27
     75 |   +