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lang=EN-US>1</span>章<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>绪论<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal'><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-style:
italic'>一、选择题<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>1. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>算法的计算量的大小称为计算的（<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>）。【北京邮电大学<span
lang=EN-US>2000 </span>二、<span lang=EN-US>3 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>20/8</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>A</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．效率<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>B. </span>复杂性<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>C. </span>现实性<span
lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>D. </span>难度<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体;color:black'>2. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体;color:black'>算法的时间复杂度取决于</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>（ ）【<span style='color:black'>中科院计算所 <span lang=EN-US>1998
</span>二、<span lang=EN-US>1 </span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分）</span>】<b><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:18.0pt'><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;color:black'>A</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体;color:black'>．问题的规模<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>B. </span>待处理数据的初态<span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>C. A</span>和<span
lang=EN-US>B</span></span><b><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>3.</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>计算机算法指的是（<span lang=EN-US>1</span>），它必须具备（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>） 这三个特性。<b><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:19.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>(1) A</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．计算方法<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>B. </span>排序方法 <span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>C. </span>解决问题的步骤序列<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>D. </span>调度方法<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:19.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>(2) A</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．可执行性、可移植性、可扩充性<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>B. </span>可执行性、确定性、有穷性<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:42.2pt;mso-char-indent-count:3.7'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>C. </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>确定性、有穷性、稳定性<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>D. </span>易读性、稳定性、安全性<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:22.8pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.0'><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>【南京理工大学 <span lang=EN-US>1999 </span>一、<span
lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分） 【武汉交通科技大学 <span lang=EN-US>1996
</span>一、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US> 4</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>4</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>．一个算法应该是（<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>）。【中山大学<span
lang=EN-US> 1998 </span>二、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span>A</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．程序<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>B</span>．问题求解步骤的描述
<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>C</span>．要满足五个基本特性 <span
lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>D</span>．<span
lang=EN-US>A</span>和<span lang=EN-US>C. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>5. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>下面关于算法说法错误的是（<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>）【南京理工大学<span
lang=EN-US> 2000 </span>一、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>1.5</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:19.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>A</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．算法最终必须由计算机程序实现<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:19.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>B.</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>为解决某问题的算法同为该问题编写的程序含义是相同的<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:19.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>C. </span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>算法的可行性是指指令不能有二义性<span
lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>D. </span>以上几个都是错误的<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>6. </span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>下面说法错误的是（<span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span></span>）【南京理工大学<span lang=EN-US> 2000 </span>一、<span lang=EN-US>2 </span>（<span
lang=EN-US>1.5</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>(1</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>）算法原地工作的含义是指不需要任何额外的辅助空间<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:34.2pt;text-indent:-34.2pt;mso-char-indent-count:
-3.0'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>
</span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>（<span
lang=EN-US>2</span>）在相同的规模<span lang=EN-US>n</span>下，复杂度<span lang=EN-US>O(n)</span>的算法在时间上总是优于复杂度<span
lang=EN-US>O(2<sup>n</sup>)</span>的算法<span lang=EN-US> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>（<span lang=EN-US>3</span>）所谓时间复杂度是指最坏情况下，估算算法执行时间的一个上界<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>（<span lang=EN-US>4</span>）同一个算法，实现语言的级别越高，执行效率就越低<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:25.2pt;mso-char-indent-count:2.21'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>A</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．<span lang=EN-US>(1)<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>B.(1),(2)<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>C.(1),(4)<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>D.(3)<o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left'><span lang=EN-US
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>7</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．从逻辑上可以把数据结构分为（<span
lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>）两大类。
【武汉交通科技大学<span lang=EN-US> 1996 </span>一 、<span lang=EN-US>4</span>（<span
lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;text-indent:19.5pt;
mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>A</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>．动态结构、静态结构<span lang=EN-US><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>B</span>．顺序结构、链式结构<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal align=left style='text-align:left;text-indent:19.5pt;
mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>C</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>．线性结构、非线性结构 <span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>D</span>．初等结构、构造型结构<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>8</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>．以下与数据的存储结构无关的术语是（<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>）。【北方交通大学 <span
lang=EN-US>2000 </span>二、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:19.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>A</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．循环队列<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>B. </span>链表
<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>C. </span>哈希表
<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>D.<span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>栈<span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:宋体'>9</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:
宋体'>．以下数据结构中，哪一个是线性结构（<span lang=EN-US><span
style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span></span>）？【北方交通大学 <span
lang=EN-US>2001 </span>一、<span lang=EN-US>1</span>（<span lang=EN-US>2</span>分）】<span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:19.5pt;mso-char-indent-count:1.71'><span
lang=EN-US style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>A</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.5pt;font-family:宋体'>．广义表<span lang=EN-US><span
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